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Willis, \u2018Policing and Law Enforcement\u2019, Oxford Bibliographies, 2009 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.oxfordbibliographies.com\/view\/document\/obo-9780195396607\/obo-9780195396607-0034.xml\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/www.oxfordbibliographies.com\/view\/document\/obo-9780195396607\/obo-9780195396607-0034.xml<\/span><\/a>; Tom\u00e1\u0161 Weiss, \u2018The blurring border between the police and the military: A debate without foundations\u2019, Cooperation and Conflict, Vol. 46, No. 3, Special Issue on Neutrality and &#8216;Military Non-Alignment&#8217;: Exploring Norms, Discourses and Practices (September 2011), pp. 396-405, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.jstor.org\/stable\/45084648?seq=1\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/www.jstor.org\/stable\/45084648?seq=1<\/span><\/a><br \/>\n<br \/><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_9147_1_1').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_9147_1_1', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u0648\u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0650\u0628\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0643\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0641\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0648\u062c\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0632\u0651\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0634\u0631\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0627.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_9147_1('footnote_plugin_reference_9147_1_2');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_9147_1('footnote_plugin_reference_9147_1_2');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_9147_1_2\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">2<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_9147_1_2\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u00a0\u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: \u2018The Ambiguous Role of the Popular, Society and Public Order Police in Sudan, 1983\u20132011: Middle Eastern Studies: Vol 49, No 4\u2019. Accessed 21 January 2020.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_9147_1_2').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_9147_1_2', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u0644\u0639\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 &#8220;\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0634\u0631\u0637\u064a\u0629&#8221; \u0628\u0635\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0637 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u062a\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623\u0647 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0647\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u00a0&#8211; 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Police Index 2016, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.ipsa-police.org\/Images\/uploaded\/Pdf%20file\/WISPI%20Report.pdf\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">http:\/\/www.ipsa-police.org\/Images\/uploaded\/Pdf%20file\/WISPI%20Report.pdf<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_9147_1_3').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_9147_1_3', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0623\u062e\u0630\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0622\u062e\u0631\u060c \u0646\u0631\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u062a\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u064a\u062b\u0642\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u064a\u062b\u0642\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_9147_1('footnote_plugin_reference_9147_1_4');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_9147_1('footnote_plugin_reference_9147_1_4');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_9147_1_4\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">4<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_9147_1_4\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u00a0\u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: Arab Barometer V, 2018, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.arabbarometer.org\/survey-data\/data-analysis-tool\/\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/www.arabbarometer.org\/survey-data\/data-analysis-tool\/<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_9147_1_4').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_9147_1_4', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a-\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u060c \u0641\u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u062a\u0623\u0633\u0633\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u062f &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a&#8221; 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onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_9147_1('footnote_plugin_reference_9147_1_12');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_9147_1('footnote_plugin_reference_9147_1_12');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_9147_1_12\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">12<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_9147_1_12\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u00a0\u064a\u0646\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 19 \u0639\u0644\u0649: &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0642\u0648\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u0641\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0625\u0646\u0641\u0627\u0630 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class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/ari26.arabregionhub.net\/en\/node\/602<\/span><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_9147_1_14').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_9147_1_14', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u064f\u0634\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_9147_1('footnote_plugin_reference_9147_1_15');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_9147_1('footnote_plugin_reference_9147_1_15');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_9147_1_15\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">15<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_9147_1_15\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u00a0\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0646\u0645\u0648. \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: Hamza Mighri, \u2018Barriers to Tunisia\u2019s Security and Defense Reform\u2019, <span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/carnegie-mec.org\/sada\/77214<\/span><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_9147_1_15').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_9147_1_15', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script><\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0644\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0639\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0641 \u0625\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0641\u0631\u0635 \u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0641\u064a\u060c<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_9147_1('footnote_plugin_reference_9147_1_16');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_9147_1('footnote_plugin_reference_9147_1_16');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_9147_1_16\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">16<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_9147_1_16\" 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\u2018U.S.-Arab Counterterrorism Cooperation in a Region Ripe for Extremism\u2019, Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, October 2014, <span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/carnegieendowment.org\/files\/DunneWehrey_USArabCounterterrorism_Oct2014.pdf<\/span><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_9147_1_21').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_9147_1_21', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u0648\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0633\u0633 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0642\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628.<span 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FIDH, June 2018. <span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/www.fidh.org\/IMG\/pdf\/egypt_report_english.pdf<\/span><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_9147_1_22').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_9147_1_22', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script><\/p>\n<p>\u0644\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0645 \u0639\u0642\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u060c 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id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_9147_1_23\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u00a0\u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: Watkins, Jessica. \u2018Policing and Protection for Syrian Refugees in Jordan\u2019. Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, 16 October 2018. <span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/carnegieendowment.org\/sada\/77511.<\/span><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_9147_1_23').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_9147_1_23', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u0628\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2013\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 140 \u0623\u0644\u0641 \u0644\u0627\u062c\u0626 \u0642\u062f \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0648\u0627 \u0628\u0645\u062e\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0639\u062a\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0641\u062b\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u064a\u0645.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" 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\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0639 \u0646\u0632\u0627\u0639 \u0623\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u0648\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646&#8221;. \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: Mercy Corps, \u2018Seeking Stability: Evidence on Strategies for Reducing the Risk of Conflict in Northern Jordanian Communities Hosting Syrian Refugees\u2019, April 2015, available at <a href=\"https:\/\/www.mercycorps.org\/sites\/default\/files\/Seeking%20Stability%20Report_Draft%206.pdf\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/www.mercycorps.org\/sites\/default\/files\/Seeking%20Stability%20Report_Draft%206.pdf<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_9147_1_26').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_9147_1_26', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, 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class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/www.mei.edu\/publications\/what-germany-bringing-tunisias-security-sector<\/span><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_9147_1_28').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_9147_1_28', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u062c\u0647\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0628\u0646\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u062d\u0633\u0646\u0629 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onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_9147_1('footnote_plugin_reference_9147_1_30');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_9147_1('footnote_plugin_reference_9147_1_30');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_9147_1_30\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">30<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_9147_1_30\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u00a0\u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: Alex Walsh and Jana Treffler. \u2018What Is Germany Bringing to Tunisia\u2019s Security Sector?\u2019 Middle East Institute, 13 August 2019. <span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/www.mei.edu\/publications\/what-germany-bringing-tunisias-security-sector.<\/span><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_9147_1_30').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_9147_1_30', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], 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\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a 2011\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0627 \u2013 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0648\u0633\u0648\u0641\u0648 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0631\u0633\u0643\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0634\u062a\u0628\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0643\u062b\u0641 \u2013 \u062a\u0648\u062d\u064a \u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0633\u064a\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0631\u0642 \u0639\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u064a\u0646.<\/p>\n<p>\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u2013 \u0648\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u2013 \u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0646\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0633\u0644\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0633\u0644\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b. \u062b\u0645\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0628\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0636\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0623\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0645. \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b\u0627\u064b \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u0623\u0646 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643: \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0623\u0631\u062f\u062a \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0636\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u0647\u060c \u0641\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0639\u0647 \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u064a\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a. \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0638\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u064f\u062e\u0631\u062c \u0636\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0635\u0641\u062a\u0647\u0645 &#8220;\u0645\u0646\u0641\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0638\u0644\u0645&#8221; \u0623\u0648 &#8220;\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646&#8221; \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0636\u0639\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0631\u0636\u060c \u0647\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0638\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u062f\u0629. \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0642\u062f \u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062a \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0636\u064a\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0632\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f \u0645\u0627\u061b \u0641\u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b \u062a\u0636\u0639 \u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0639.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_9147_1('footnote_plugin_reference_9147_1_31');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_9147_1('footnote_plugin_reference_9147_1_31');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_9147_1_31\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">31<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_9147_1_31\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u00a0\u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644: Estella Carpi, Mariam Younes, Marie-No\u00eblle Abi Yagh, \u2018Crisis &amp; Control; (In)Formal Hybrid Security in Lebanon\u2019, Lebanon Support 2016, <span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/www.international-alert.org\/sites\/default\/files\/Lebanon_LocalSecuritySyrianRefugees_Report_EN_2016.pdf<\/span><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_9147_1_31').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_9147_1_31', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script><\/p>\n<h6>\u064a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0648\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0650\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u064a\u0642 \u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/h6>\n<p><strong>\u00a0*<\/strong><strong>\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0643\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634 (\u064a\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0631 \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062f. \u0641\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0646\u0633 \u063a\u0648\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627 \u0642\u062f\u0645\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631).<\/strong><\/p>\n<div class=\"speaker-mute footnotes_reference_container\"> <div class=\"footnote_container_prepare\"><p><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_reference_container_label pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_expand_collapse_reference_container_9147_1();\">Endnotes<\/span><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_reference_container_collapse_button\" style=\"display: none;\" onclick=\"footnote_expand_collapse_reference_container_9147_1();\">[<a id=\"footnote_reference_container_collapse_button_9147_1\">+<\/a>]<\/span><\/p><\/div> <div id=\"footnote_references_container_9147_1\" style=\"\"><table class=\"footnotes_table footnote-reference-container\"><caption class=\"accessibility\">Endnotes<\/caption> <tbody> \r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_9147_1_1\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_9147_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_9147_1_1');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>1<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u00a0\u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: James J. Willis, \u2018Policing and Law Enforcement\u2019, Oxford Bibliographies, 2009 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.oxfordbibliographies.com\/view\/document\/obo-9780195396607\/obo-9780195396607-0034.xml\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/www.oxfordbibliographies.com\/view\/document\/obo-9780195396607\/obo-9780195396607-0034.xml<\/span><\/a>; Tom\u00e1\u0161 Weiss, \u2018The blurring border between the police and the military: A debate without foundations\u2019, Cooperation and Conflict, Vol. 46, No. 3, Special Issue on Neutrality and &#8216;Military Non-Alignment&#8217;: Exploring Norms, Discourses and Practices (September 2011), pp. 396-405, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.jstor.org\/stable\/45084648?seq=1\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/www.jstor.org\/stable\/45084648?seq=1<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<p><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_9147_1_2\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_9147_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_9147_1_2');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>2<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u00a0\u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: \u2018The Ambiguous Role of the Popular, Society and Public Order Police in Sudan, 1983\u20132011: Middle Eastern Studies: Vol 49, No 4\u2019. Accessed 21 January 2020.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_9147_1_3\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_9147_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_9147_1_3');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>3<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u00a0\u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: International Police Science Association, World Internal Security &amp; Police Index 2016, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.ipsa-police.org\/Images\/uploaded\/Pdf%20file\/WISPI%20Report.pdf\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">http:\/\/www.ipsa-police.org\/Images\/uploaded\/Pdf%20file\/WISPI%20Report.pdf<\/span><\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_9147_1_4\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_9147_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_9147_1_4');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>4<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u00a0\u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: Arab Barometer V, 2018, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.arabbarometer.org\/survey-data\/data-analysis-tool\/\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/www.arabbarometer.org\/survey-data\/data-analysis-tool\/<\/span><\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_9147_1_5\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_9147_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_9147_1_5');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>5<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u00a0\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: Al Shaali, Khalifa Rashid, and Neil Kibble. \u2018Policing and Police Accountability in the UAE: The Case for Reform\u2019. Arab Law Quarterly 15, no. 3 (2000): 272\u2013303.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_9147_1_6\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_9147_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_9147_1_6');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>6<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u00a0\u0641\u0644\u0646\u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: Frontline Defenders #Egypt, <span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/www.frontlinedefenders.org\/en\/location\/egypt<\/span><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_9147_1_7\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_9147_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_9147_1_7');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>7<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u00a0&#8220;\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629&#8221; \u0647\u064a \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641 \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u062e\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629. &#8220;\u062a\u064f\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a: \u0644\u0623\u064a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u064a\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u2013 \u0648\u0644\u0623\u064a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u064a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u2013 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644. \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0648\u0627\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u064a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0639 \u0628\u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0629&#8221;. \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0641\u064a 4 \u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629: <span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/www.hofstede-insights.com\/country-comparison\/egypt,iraq,morocco,syria\/<\/span><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_9147_1_8\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_9147_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_9147_1_8');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>8<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u00a0\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0623\u0637\u0644\u0642\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0641\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628 \u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0648\u0642\u0651\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0648\u062e \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 (\u062a\u064f\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u062d) \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0646 1820 \u0625\u0644\u0649 1892. \u0638\u0644\u0648\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u062a\u0645 \u0631\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a 1971 \u0641\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_9147_1_9\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_9147_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_9147_1_9');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>9<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u00a0\u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: Talal Almutairi, \u201cPolice-Community Relationship in Kuwait: Public Relations Perspective.\u201d Doctoral dissertation. Communications, Media &amp; Culture School of Arts and Humanities. University of Stirling (2013) 143.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_9147_1_10\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_9147_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_9147_1_10');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>10<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u00a0\u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: \u2018Fish vendor&#8217;s death sparks anti-police protests in Morocco\u2019, France 24, 31 October 2016 <span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/www.france24.com\/en\/video\/20161031-fish-vendors-death-sparks-anti-police-protests-morocco<\/span><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_9147_1_11\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_9147_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_9147_1_11');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>11<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u00a0\u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0634\u0631\u0637\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0645 \u062d\u0644\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0634\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0642\u0648\u0637 \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u064a\u0629.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_9147_1_12\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_9147_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_9147_1_12');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>12<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u00a0\u064a\u0646\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 19 \u0639\u0644\u0649: &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0642\u0648\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u0641\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0625\u0646\u0641\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0646\u0641 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0645&#8221; <a href=\"http:\/\/www.legislation.tn\/sites\/default\/files\/constitution\/constitution.pdf\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">http:\/\/www.legislation.tn\/sites\/default\/files\/constitution\/constitution.pdf<\/span><\/a>.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_9147_1_13\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_9147_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_9147_1_13');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>13<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u00a0&#8220;\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633&#8221; \u0643\u062a\u064a\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0628 \u2013 \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629) \u0628\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0648\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u060c 27 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0631\/\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a 2014.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_9147_1_14\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_9147_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_9147_1_14');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>14<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u00a0\u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: Haykel Ben Mahfoudh, \u2018Security Sector Reform in Tunisia Three Years into the Democratic Transition\u2019, Arab Reform Initiative, 2014. <span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/ari26.arabregionhub.net\/en\/node\/602<\/span><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_9147_1_15\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_9147_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_9147_1_15');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>15<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u00a0\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0646\u0645\u0648. \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: Hamza Mighri, \u2018Barriers to Tunisia\u2019s Security and Defense Reform\u2019, <span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/carnegie-mec.org\/sada\/77214<\/span><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_9147_1_16\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_9147_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_9147_1_16');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>16<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u00a0\u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644: Bouguerra, Bassem. \u2018Reforming Tunisia\u2019s Troubled Security Sector\u2019, Atlantic Council, October 2014. <span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/www.files.ethz.ch\/isn\/185235\/Reforming_Tunisias_Troubled_Security_Sector.pdf<\/span><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_9147_1_17\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_9147_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_9147_1_17');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>17<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u00a0\u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u0641\u0635\u064a\u0644\u064a \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641: DCAF, Security sector development in Tunisia: Country Assessment and Results Monitoring, 2017, <a href=\"https:\/\/aidstream.org\/files\/documents\/IATI---TFNA-Tunisia-2017-20180713010724.pdf\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/aidstream.org\/files\/documents\/IATI&#8212;TFNA-Tunisia-2017-20180713010724.pdf<\/span><\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_9147_1_18\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_9147_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_9147_1_18');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>18<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u00a0\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a \u0647\u064a \u0645\u0633\u0623\u0644\u0629 \u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0634\u0647\u062f \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_9147_1_19\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_9147_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_9147_1_19');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>19<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u00a0\u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: Estella Carpi, Mariam Younes, Marie-No\u00eblle Abi Yagh, \u2018Crisis &amp; Control; (In)Formal Hybrid Security in Lebanon\u2019, Lebanon Support 2016, <span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/www.international-alert.org\/sites\/default\/files\/Lebanon_LocalSecuritySyrianRefugees_Report_EN_2016.pdf<\/span><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_9147_1_20\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_9147_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_9147_1_20');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>20<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u00a0\u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: Dunne, Michele, and Frederic Wehrey. \u2018U.S.-Arab Counterterrorism Cooperation in a Region Ripe for Extremism\u2019, Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, October 2014, <span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/carnegieendowment.org\/files\/DunneWehrey_USArabCounterterrorism_Oct2014.pdf<\/span><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_9147_1_21\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_9147_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_9147_1_21');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>21<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u00a0\u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: Dunne, Michele, and Frederic Wehrey. \u2018U.S.-Arab Counterterrorism Cooperation in a Region Ripe for Extremism\u2019, Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, October 2014, <span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/carnegieendowment.org\/files\/DunneWehrey_USArabCounterterrorism_Oct2014.pdf<\/span><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_9147_1_22\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_9147_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_9147_1_22');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>22<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u00a0\u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: Egypt: A Repression Made in France &#8211; Exports of Weapons and Surveillance Technologies\u2019. FIDH, June 2018. <span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/www.fidh.org\/IMG\/pdf\/egypt_report_english.pdf<\/span><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_9147_1_23\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_9147_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_9147_1_23');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>23<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u00a0\u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: Watkins, Jessica. \u2018Policing and Protection for Syrian Refugees in Jordan\u2019. Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, 16 October 2018. <span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/carnegieendowment.org\/sada\/77511.<\/span><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_9147_1_24\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_9147_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_9147_1_24');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>24<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u00a0\u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062e\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0623\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a 2014 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0645 \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0636\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u064a\u0645&#8221;. \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: UNHCR, WFP and UNICEF, \u2018Joint Assessment Review of the Syrian Refugee Response in Jordan\u2019, January 2014, available at <a href=\"https:\/\/reliefweb.int\/sites\/reliefweb.int\/files\/resources\/JointAssessmentReview8Jan2014.pdf\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/reliefweb.int\/sites\/reliefweb.int\/files\/resources\/JointAssessmentReview8Jan2014.pdf<\/span><\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_9147_1_25\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_9147_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_9147_1_25');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>25<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u00a0\u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: BBC News, \u2018Syria crisis: Deadly clash in Jordan&#8217;s Zaatari camp\u2019, 6 April 2014, available at <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-middle-east-26908587\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-middle-east-26908587<\/span><\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_9147_1_26\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_9147_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_9147_1_26');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>26<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u00a0\u0641\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2015\u060c \u0623\u0634\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 Mercy Corps \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 &#8220;\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u062f\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0641\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u064a\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u064a\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062e\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0639\u062a\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u0623\u062f\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0639 \u0646\u0632\u0627\u0639 \u0623\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u0648\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646&#8221;. \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: Mercy Corps, \u2018Seeking Stability: Evidence on Strategies for Reducing the Risk of Conflict in Northern Jordanian Communities Hosting Syrian Refugees\u2019, April 2015, available at <a href=\"https:\/\/www.mercycorps.org\/sites\/default\/files\/Seeking%20Stability%20Report_Draft%206.pdf\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/www.mercycorps.org\/sites\/default\/files\/Seeking%20Stability%20Report_Draft%206.pdf<\/span><\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_9147_1_27\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_9147_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_9147_1_27');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>27<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u00a0\u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0643\u0627\u0631\u0646\u064a\u063a\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0623\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u062a \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0648\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0646\u064a&#8221; \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: Jessica Watkins, \u2018Policing and Protection for Syrian Refugees in Jordan\u2019, Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, 16 October 2018, available at\u00a0 <a href=\"https:\/\/carnegieendowment.org\/sada\/77511\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/carnegieendowment.org\/sada\/77511<\/span><\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_9147_1_28\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_9147_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_9147_1_28');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>28<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u00a0\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u060c \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: Alex Walsh and Jana Treffler, \u2018What is Germany Bringing to Tunisia\u2019s Security Sector?\u2019, Middle East Institute, 13 August 2019 <span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/www.mei.edu\/publications\/what-germany-bringing-tunisias-security-sector<\/span><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_9147_1_29\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_9147_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_9147_1_29');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>29<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u00a0\u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: Kartas, Moncef. \u2018Foreign Aid and Security Sector Reform in Tunisia: Resistance and Autonomy of the Security Forces\u2019. Mediterranean Politics 19, no. 3 (2 September 2014): 373\u201391. <span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/13629395.2014.959760.<\/span><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_9147_1_30\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_9147_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_9147_1_30');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>30<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u00a0\u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: Alex Walsh and Jana Treffler. \u2018What Is Germany Bringing to Tunisia\u2019s Security Sector?\u2019 Middle East Institute, 13 August 2019. <span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/www.mei.edu\/publications\/what-germany-bringing-tunisias-security-sector.<\/span><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_9147_1_31\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_9147_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_9147_1_31');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>31<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u00a0\u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644: Estella Carpi, Mariam Younes, Marie-No\u00eblle Abi Yagh, \u2018Crisis &amp; Control; (In)Formal Hybrid Security in Lebanon\u2019, Lebanon Support 2016, <span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/www.international-alert.org\/sites\/default\/files\/Lebanon_LocalSecuritySyrianRefugees_Report_EN_2016.pdf<\/span><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n <\/tbody> <\/table> <\/div><\/div><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> function footnote_expand_reference_container_9147_1() { jQuery('#footnote_references_container_9147_1').show(); jQuery('#footnote_reference_container_collapse_button_9147_1').text('\u2212'); } function footnote_collapse_reference_container_9147_1() { jQuery('#footnote_references_container_9147_1').hide(); jQuery('#footnote_reference_container_collapse_button_9147_1').text('+'); } function footnote_expand_collapse_reference_container_9147_1() { if (jQuery('#footnote_references_container_9147_1').is(':hidden')) { footnote_expand_reference_container_9147_1(); } else { footnote_collapse_reference_container_9147_1(); } } function footnote_moveToReference_9147_1(p_str_TargetID) { footnote_expand_reference_container_9147_1(); var l_obj_Target = jQuery('#' + p_str_TargetID); if (l_obj_Target.length) { jQuery( 'html, body' ).delay( 0 ); jQuery('html, body').animate({ scrollTop: l_obj_Target.offset().top - window.innerHeight * 0.2 }, 380); } } function footnote_moveToAnchor_9147_1(p_str_TargetID) { footnote_expand_reference_container_9147_1(); var l_obj_Target = jQuery('#' + p_str_TargetID); if (l_obj_Target.length) { jQuery( 'html, body' ).delay( 0 ); jQuery('html, body').animate({ scrollTop: l_obj_Target.offset().top - window.innerHeight * 0.2 }, 380); } }<\/script>","protected":false},"featured_media":9043,"menu_order":0,"template":"","categories":[22],"tags":[192,226,167],"class_list":["post-9147","publication","type-publication","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-22","tag-192","tag-226","tag-167"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ari26.arabregionhub.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/publication\/9147","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ari26.arabregionhub.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/publication"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ari26.arabregionhub.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/publication"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"https:\/\/ari26.arabregionhub.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/publication\/9147\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9173,"href":"https:\/\/ari26.arabregionhub.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/publication\/9147\/revisions\/9173"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ari26.arabregionhub.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/9043"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ari26.arabregionhub.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9147"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ari26.arabregionhub.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=9147"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ari26.arabregionhub.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=9147"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}