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\u062e\u062f\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0645.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_8137_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8137_1_4');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_8137_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8137_1_4');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_8137_1_4\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">4<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8137_1_4\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Lisa Anderson, \u201c\u2019Creative Destruction\u2019: States, identities and legitimacy in the Arab world\u201d, <em>Philosophy and Social Criticism, <\/em>2014, Vol. 40 (4-5) 369-379<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_8137_1_4').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8137_1_4', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> <a 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class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">6<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8137_1_6\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Michael Ignatieff, \u201cHuman Rights, Global Ethics, and the Ordinary Virtues\u201d, <em>Journal of International Law and International Relations, <\/em>2017, Vol. 13:1, p. 5. \u0648\u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0628\u0636\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0635\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0644\u064a\u0634\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0631\u062c \u0648\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u062c\u0648\u0644\u062f\u0646\u062a\u0632\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u062f\u0648\u0627\u064a\u062a \u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0646.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_8137_1_6').tooltip({ tip: 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\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062e\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0633\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0633\u062a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0621<a name=\"_ftnref7\"><\/a>.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_8137_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8137_1_7');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_8137_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8137_1_7');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_8137_1_7\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">7<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8137_1_7\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Samuel Moyn, \u201cHuman Rights in the Absence of Virtue\u201d, <em>Journal of International Law and International Relations, <\/em>2017, Vol. 13:1, p.28<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_8137_1_7').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8137_1_7', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script><\/p>\n<p>\u0633\u064a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c\u00a0\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a\u00a0\u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649\u00a0\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0637\u064a\u062f \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0635\u0641\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0643\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 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class=\"footnote_reference_container_label pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_expand_collapse_reference_container_8137_1();\">Endnotes<\/span><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_reference_container_collapse_button\" style=\"display: none;\" onclick=\"footnote_expand_collapse_reference_container_8137_1();\">[<a id=\"footnote_reference_container_collapse_button_8137_1\">+<\/a>]<\/span><\/p><\/div> <div id=\"footnote_references_container_8137_1\" style=\"\"><table class=\"footnotes_table footnote-reference-container\"><caption class=\"accessibility\">Endnotes<\/caption> <tbody> \r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_8137_1_1\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_8137_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_8137_1_1');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>1<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0641\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a\u00a0\u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0623\u0633\u0633\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1961. \u0648\u062a\u0644\u062a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0639\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0646 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1972 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0646 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1977.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_8137_1_2\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_8137_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_8137_1_2');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>2<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0628\u0635\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0648\u0639\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0623\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0647\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0645\u0633\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0648\u0627\u062e\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0633\u062c\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0630\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0632 \u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629. \u0648\u0639\u0627\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u064a\u062f \u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c\u00a0\u062d\u064a\u062b\u00a0\u0642\u062a\u0644 \u0631\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0639\u0630\u0628\u0648\u0627 \u0628\u0648\u062d\u0634\u064a\u0629\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0628\u0647 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u062e\u0641\u062a \u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u062b\u0631. \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0641\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u0634\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062e\u0627\u0636\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0645\u00a0\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0645\u062a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0635\u0644\u062a \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f \u0642\u0635\u0641 \u062a\u062c\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u0648\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0636\u062f \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0647\u0627.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_8137_1_3\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_8137_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_8137_1_3');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>3<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u062a\u0628\u0646\u0651\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u062e\u0641\u0641 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631 \u0628\u0634\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0642\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0648\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0646.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_8137_1_4\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_8137_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_8137_1_4');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>4<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Lisa Anderson, \u201c\u2019Creative Destruction\u2019: States, identities and legitimacy in the Arab world\u201d, <em>Philosophy and Social Criticism, <\/em>2014, Vol. 40 (4-5) 369-379<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_8137_1_5\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_8137_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_8137_1_5');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>5<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Cesar Rodriguez-Garavito, \u201cReimagining Human Rights,\u201d <em>Journal of International Law and International Relations, <\/em>2017, Vol. 13:1, p.13<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_8137_1_6\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_8137_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_8137_1_6');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>6<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Michael Ignatieff, \u201cHuman Rights, Global Ethics, and the Ordinary Virtues\u201d, <em>Journal of International Law and International Relations, <\/em>2017, Vol. 13:1, p. 5. \u0648\u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0628\u0636\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0635\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0644\u064a\u0634\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0631\u062c \u0648\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u062c\u0648\u0644\u062f\u0646\u062a\u0632\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u062f\u0648\u0627\u064a\u062a \u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0646.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_8137_1_7\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_8137_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_8137_1_7');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>7<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Samuel Moyn, \u201cHuman Rights in the Absence of Virtue\u201d, <em>Journal of International Law and International Relations, <\/em>2017, Vol. 13:1, p.28<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_8137_1_8\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_8137_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_8137_1_8');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>8<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Jill Goldenziel, \u201cVirtues are not Enough\u201d, <em>Journal of International Law and International Relations, <\/em>2017, Vol. 13:1, p. 17.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n <\/tbody> <\/table> <\/div><\/div><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> function footnote_expand_reference_container_8137_1() { jQuery('#footnote_references_container_8137_1').show(); jQuery('#footnote_reference_container_collapse_button_8137_1').text('\u2212'); } function footnote_collapse_reference_container_8137_1() { jQuery('#footnote_references_container_8137_1').hide(); 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