{"id":8075,"date":"2017-09-05T12:00:42","date_gmt":"2017-09-05T10:00:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ari26.arabregionhub.net\/?post_type=publication&#038;p=8075"},"modified":"2020-01-07T15:33:49","modified_gmt":"2020-01-07T14:33:49","slug":"%d8%aa%d8%b7%d9%88%d8%b1-%d8%ad%d8%b1%d9%83%d8%a9-%d8%ad%d9%82%d9%88%d9%82-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a5%d9%86%d8%b3%d8%a7%d9%86-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%ba%d8%b1%d8%a8-%d9%85%d9%86-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a7","status":"publish","type":"publication","link":"https:\/\/ari26.arabregionhub.net\/ar\/publication\/%d8%aa%d8%b7%d9%88%d8%b1-%d8%ad%d8%b1%d9%83%d8%a9-%d8%ad%d9%82%d9%88%d9%82-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a5%d9%86%d8%b3%d8%a7%d9%86-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%ba%d8%b1%d8%a8-%d9%85%d9%86-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a7\/","title":{"rendered":"\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 (\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062d\u062a\u0649 2016)"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u062a\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0646\u0634\u0623\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_8075_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_1');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_8075_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_1');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_1\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">1<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8075_1_1\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Paola Gandofli, \u201cLa soci\u00e9t\u00e9 civile au Maroc, signification et issues des processus de changement sociale et politique\u201d, <em>4th Mediterranean Social and Political Research Meeting<\/em>, 19-23 March 2003, p. 8, \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a <a href=\"https:\/\/goo.gl\/BrMibG\">goo.gl\/BrMibG<\/a><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_1').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8075_1_1', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u0648\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u0628\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0644\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0639 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0628\u0635\u0641\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0637\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0628\u0639\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646. \u0648\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0646\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0635\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u062a\u0641\u0643\u0643 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0623\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 (\u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0622\u0646\u0630\u0627\u0643 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a&#8221;) \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u062b\u0631\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0648\u062a\u0623\u062b\u0631\u062a \u0628\u0635\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0646\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062c\u0647\u0648\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0639\u0628\u0648\u0627 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0628\u0639\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u062f\u0645\u064b\u0627.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u062a\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u062d\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u064a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0622\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0631\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0646 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627\u060c \u062a\u062a\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0631\u0636 \u0633\u0644\u0637\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0631\u063a\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0633\u0628\u0644 \u0641\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u062c\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0641 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0631\u0627\u062f\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062e\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0645\u0633\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0639\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u0639\u0649 &#8220;\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0637\u0629&#8221; \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0637\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0639\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u0646\u062a\u062c\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u062c\u0623\u062a \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0625\u0636\u0639\u0627\u0641 \u0647\u0624\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0647\u0645. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0638\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u0639\u0649\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0639\u0646\u0641\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u062e\u0644\u0642 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0639\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0648&#8221;\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0637\u0629&#8221; \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0646\u0634\u0623\u062a \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u062a \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0651\u0631 \u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u062a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062f\u0639\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0628\u062e\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0636\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0648\u062a\u062c\u0630\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0633\u0648\u0641 \u0646\u0633\u0639\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0633\u064a\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0642\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u060c \u0645\u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0628\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0644\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0633\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0647\u0627\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u062c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u062c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u060c \u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0647\u062f\u062f \u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0625\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0633\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064b\u0627: \u0645\u0648\u0644\u062f \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><em>\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u064b\u0627: \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><em>\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u064b\u0627: \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><em>\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u064b\u0627: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><em>\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633\u064b\u0627: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0632\u064a\u063a\u064a\u0629<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><em>\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0633\u064b\u0627: \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0643\/\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0648\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0643 20 \u0641\u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0631 \u0643\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0639\u064b\u0627: \u062e\u0627\u062a\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0622\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<h2>\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064b\u0627: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0644\u062f \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628<\/h2>\n<p>\u062a\u0623\u0633\u0633\u062a <em>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0646 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646<\/em> \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0647\u0631 \u0645\u0627\u064a\u0648 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1972\u0639\u0642\u0628 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 (1965-1970)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0634\u0644\u064a\u0646 (1971-1972)\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0638\u0644 \u063a\u064a\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0623\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0632\u0627\u0628\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0639\u062f \u062d\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0633\u0641\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0637\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0645\u064a\u0632\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u063a\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0633\u0639\u064a \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0631 \u0648\u062d\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0624\u0647 (\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0632\u0646<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_8075_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_2');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_8075_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_2');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_2\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">2<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8075_1_2\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">(\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0632\u0646 \u0647\u0648 \u062a\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062e\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0642\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062e\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0636\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0646 (\u0623\u0648 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f) \u0628\u0635\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0623\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f. \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0631: Jos\u00e9 M. Gonz\u00e1lez Riera, \u201cDes ann\u00e9es de plomb au 20 f\u00e9vrier. Le r\u00f4le d\u00e9sorganisations des droits humains dans la transition politique au Maroc\u201d, <em>Confluences M\u00e9diterran\u00e9e<\/em>, 2011\/3 No78,\u00a0 p. 45.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_2').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8075_1_2', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062c\u0644 \u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643\u064a.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0646\u0634\u0623\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0635\u0641\u0648\u0641 \u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644-<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_8075_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_3');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_8075_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_3');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_3\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">3<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8075_1_3\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0623\u062d\u0632\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628. \u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u0633\u062e \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0631 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0641\u064a \u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0631 1954. \u0648\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0630\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a&#8221; \u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644\u062a \u0633\u0646\u0629 1992 \u062c\u0646\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0646\u0628 \u0645\u0639 \u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u064a&#8221; \u0633\u0646\u0629 1998. \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0628: \u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/istiqlal.info\/a\/\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e%20\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0628\/\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">http:\/\/istiqlal.info\/a\/\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e%20\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0628\/<\/span><\/a>\u00a0 \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0636\u0631\u064a\u0641\u060c &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0632\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629&#8221;\u060c <em>\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a<\/em>\u060c 1993\u060c \u0635. 200<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_3').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8075_1_3', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u0623\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0632\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0632\u062c \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0639\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638- \u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0648\u062c\u062f \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0636\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0633\u0641\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u064a \u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629- \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0646\u064a\u0633 \u0628\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u062c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u062c \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_8075_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_4');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_8075_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_4');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_4\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">4<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8075_1_4\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Marguerite Rollinde,\u00a0\u201cLes associations des droits de l\u2019homme au Maroc : entre adh\u00e9sion nationale, appartenance politique et engagement citoyen\u201d, <em>les<\/em> <em>cahiers<\/em> <em>du<\/em> <em>CRASC<\/em>, n\u00b05-2002, p. 128.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_4').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8075_1_4', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u00a0 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u062f\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0623\u0637\u0631 \u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_8075_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_5');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_8075_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_5');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_5\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">5<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8075_1_5\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u064a\u0646\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u0639\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0635 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0623\u0643\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_5').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8075_1_5', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u0648\u062a\u0623\u062b\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0646\u062a\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0648\u0642\u0639\u062a \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0642\u0648\u0629.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_8075_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_6');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_8075_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_6');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_6\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">6<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8075_1_6\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Gonz\u00e1lez Riera, op. cit., p. 36.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_6').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8075_1_6', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script><\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0642\u0641\u062a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a 24 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 1979. \u0648\u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0636\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0642\u0633\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0631\u062a \u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0623\u0633\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0626\u0647.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_8075_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_7');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_8075_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_7');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_7\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">7<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8075_1_7\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u062a\u0623\u0633\u0633 \u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0631 1975\u060c \u0645\u062a\u0628\u0646\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629&#8221; \u0648\u062f\u0627\u0639\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 &#8220;\u0623\u062c\u0644 \u062a\u0634\u064a\u064a\u062f \u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0648\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0634\u0639\u0628\u0646\u0627&#8221;. \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0631: \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0636\u0631\u064a\u0641\u060c \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0628\u0642 \u0630\u0643\u0631\u0647\u060c \u0635. 263. \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0628 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u062f\u0647 \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u064a&#8221; \u0633\u0646\u0629 1998 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0633\u0641\u064a. \u0648\u062a\u0636\u0627\u0621\u0644 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2016 \u0633\u0648\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0649 20 \u0645\u0646 395 \u0645\u0642\u0639\u062f\u064b\u0627.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_7').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8075_1_7', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0628 \u064a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0631\u063a\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0634\u0631\u0639\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0643\u062d\u0632\u0628 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u0639 \u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_8075_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_8');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_8075_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_8');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_8\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">8<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8075_1_8\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Gandofli, op. cit., p. 10.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_8').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8075_1_8', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script><\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0646\u0634\u0623\u0629 \u0647\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0639\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0638\u0644\u062a \u0645\u0643\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u0631\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0646\u0633\u062d\u0628\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0639\u064a \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0645. \u0648\u062a\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f\u062a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0633\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644\u062a \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u0632\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u062c\u0631\u0649 \u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0641\u0636\u062d \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0639\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0637\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0633\u0639\u0648\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0623\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0630\u0631\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628. \u0648\u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0633\u0641\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0646 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a 1984 \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u064a \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u064a\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a. \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0648\u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628 \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0648\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0647\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0631\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0648\u0641\u0642\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a 1987 \u062a\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0639 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_8075_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_9');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_8075_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_9');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_9\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">9<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8075_1_9\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u0628\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0631\u064a\u064a\u0646\u060c <em>\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644<\/em>\u060c \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629: \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u064a\u0645 \u0632\u062d\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0637: \u0623\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642 (2014) \u0635 173-174<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_9').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8075_1_9', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script><\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0648\u0645\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1988 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636\u0629 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0623\u0648\u0627\u062e\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0636\u0644\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0627\u064a\u0648 1983 \u0648\u062d\u062a\u0649 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0631 1984 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u062f\u062a \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0636\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u064a\u0646. \u0648\u062c\u0627\u0621\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0627\u062a\u0641 \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1983 \u0628\u0641\u0636\u062d \u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u062c\u0631\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0630\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0633\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0631\u062a.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_8075_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_10');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_8075_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_10');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_10\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">10<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8075_1_10\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Rollinde,\u00a0op.cit. p. 127, 167.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_10').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8075_1_10', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script><\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637\u060c \u0648\u0631\u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0634\u0647\u062f \u0639\u0627\u0645 1988 \u0648\u0644\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646. \u0648\u062c\u0631\u0649 \u062a\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0631\u062f \u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0634\u0643\u0643\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0639 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0642\u062a \u062a\u0639\u062c\u0632 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644. \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639\u062a \u0623\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062f\u0639\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u064a\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0642\u062f \u062e\u0644\u0642\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u062d\u0632\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0632\u0627\u0628 \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u062a \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u0632\u0626\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0625\u064a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0635\u0648\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0639. \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0631\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0639\u0632\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u0632\u0627\u0628 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0629) \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0639\u0632\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u0631\u0639\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0632\u0627\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u062f \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0636\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a 150 \u0639\u0636\u0648\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0622\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 &#8220;\u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062d\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a&#8221;.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_8075_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_11');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_8075_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_11');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_11\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">11<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8075_1_11\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u00a0 Ibid., p. 174.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_11').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8075_1_11', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script><\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0631\u0637\u062a \u0645\u0639 \u0628\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0648\u0648\u0642\u0639\u062a \u0645\u0639 \u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0646 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062b\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0646\u0629 1990\u060c \u0648\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u062a \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0626\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0636\u0645 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 22 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062b\u0627\u0642 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u062a\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0647 \u0641\u064a 12 \u062f\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631 2013. \u0648\u064a\u064f\u0646\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062b\u0627\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0636\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0647\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0631\u0641\u0639 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0641\u0638\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0641\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0647\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0642\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0623\u064a \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_8075_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_12');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_8075_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_12');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_12\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">12<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8075_1_12\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0631 \u0623\u0631\u0648\u064a\u0646\u060c &#8220;\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0623\u0646\u062f\u0644\u0633 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0628\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0646\u0635 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062b\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0646&#8221;\u060c <em>\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0633<\/em>\u060c 20 \u0623\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0631 2013\u060c \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649<a href=\"https:\/\/is.gd\/ctzbZx\"> is.gd\/ctzbZx<\/a><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_12').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8075_1_12', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0624\u0649 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0645\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0635\u0627\u062f\u0642\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062b\u0627\u0642 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1990\u060c \u0648\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u064a\u0646\u060c<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_8075_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_13');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_8075_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_13');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_13\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">13<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8075_1_13\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u062e\u062f\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u060c &#8220;\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062b\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646&#8221;\u060c \u0637\u0646\u062c\u0629 24 \u0646\u0648\u0641\u0645\u0628\u0631 2013\u060c \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 <a href=\"https:\/\/is.gd\/ps0H2R\">is.gd\/ps0H2R<\/a> \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642\u062a \u062c\u0632\u0626\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0633\u0631\u0627\u062d \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0630\u064a\u0628\u060c \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u0636\u0629 \u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0632 \u0636\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0623\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 1992.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_13').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8075_1_13', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629. \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0632\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0646\u0634\u0623\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0646\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_8075_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_14');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_8075_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_14');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_14\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">14<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8075_1_14\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Gonz\u00e1lez Riera, op. cit., p. 37.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_14').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8075_1_14', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script><\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0642\u062f \u0628\u062f\u0623\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062c \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0627\u064a\u0648 1989 \u0648\u0628\u062f\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643\u064a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0639\u062f \u0644\u0627\u0646\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0645\u062d\u0633\u0648\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0635\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628 \u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0643\u062a\u0628 \u062a\u0641\u0636\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0639\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u062c\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0635\u0627\u0635.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_8075_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_15');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_8075_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_15');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_15\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">15<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8075_1_15\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 &#8220;\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0635\u0627\u0635&#8221; \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0645\u062a\u062f\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0639\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0639\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0634\u0647\u062f\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0628 \u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u062a\u0639\u0630\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u062d\u0634\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0633\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u062c\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0627\u0628 \u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_15').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8075_1_15', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u062c \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1990 \u0639\u0637\u0644\u062a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0648\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0636\u062d\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u0639 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0623\u0633\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645. \u0648\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062a\u0636\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0623\u064f\u0642\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1993 \u0648\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0639\u0632\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646. \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0645\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u062c\u0628\u0631 \u0623\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0646\u0641\u0642\u0629 \u0634\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062e\u0645\u0633\u0629 \u0622\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u062f\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0639\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a \u062a\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0631\u062a \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0644\u0628\u062b \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0644\u063a\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2000.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_8075_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_16');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_8075_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_16');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_16\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">16<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8075_1_16\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u0641\u064a\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0631\u064a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0635 179-180.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_16').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8075_1_16', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script><\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a \u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u064a&#8221;<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_8075_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_17');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_8075_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_17');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_17\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">17<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8075_1_17\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0647\u064a\u0645\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u0639\u064a\u062f \u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0647\u064a\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u0627\u064a\u062a\u0633 \u0648\u0648\u062a\u0634 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0641\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644. \u0648\u062a\u0628\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u064a \u0642\u0628\u0644\u060c \u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0633\u0631\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062c\u0646\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0622\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633 \u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0623\u0633\u0633\u062a \u0633\u0646\u0629 1998 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u062a\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0628\u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0631\u0623\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0632\u0639\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0633\u0641\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0631 \u0628\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0631\u0626\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062f\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0636 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627. \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0632\u0648\u0642\u064a\u060c &#8220;\u0647\u0644 \u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u062a\u061f&#8221; \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627 \u0635\u0648\u062a\u060c 4 \u0646\u0648\u0641\u0645\u0628\u0631 2016\u060c \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 <a href=\"https:\/\/is.gd\/N9jS2k\">is.gd\/N9jS2k<\/a><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_17').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8075_1_17', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u0633\u0646\u0629 1998 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0628\u0631\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0641\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0626\u0632\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0643\u062a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u064a\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0632\u0627\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u062a\u0644 \u062e\u0644\u0641 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0639\u0631\u064a\u0636 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0644\u0630\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u064a&#8221; \u0639\u0648\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u064b\u0627.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u062a \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0632\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 &#8220;\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u062c\u0630\u0631\u064a\u064b\u0627&#8221;\u060c<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_8075_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_18');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_8075_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_18');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_18\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">18<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8075_1_18\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Gonz\u00e1lez Riera, op. cit., p. 38.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_18').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8075_1_18', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062e\u0627\u0628 \u0623\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0632\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062a\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636\u0629\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u0635\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0624\u0637\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0632\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0642\u0627\u0642 \u062a\u062e\u0628\u0637 \u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0628&#8221; \u0641\u064a \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u062c\u0626 \u0644\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0632\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0633 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0627\u062f\u062a \u0628\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0647\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0643\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_8075_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_19');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_8075_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_19');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_19\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">19<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8075_1_19\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0628 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0629.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_19').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8075_1_19', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u0648\u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0643\u0644 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0628\u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f \u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u062c\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a. \u0648\u0646\u0638\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062d\u0632\u0627\u0628 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629&#8221; \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0634\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u062a \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0638\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u062f\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_8075_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_20');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_8075_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_20');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_20\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">20<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8075_1_20\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Gonz\u00e1lez Riera, op. cit., p. 38<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_20').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8075_1_20', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script><\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0632\u0627\u0628\u060c \u0628\u062d\u064a\u062b \u0628\u062f\u0627 \u0648\u0643\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0632\u0627\u0628\u060c \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635. \u0648\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0633\u0641\u064a\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0642\u0631 \u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a \u0633\u0646\u0629 1995\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u062f\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u064a\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0639 \u0639\u0646 \u0636\u062d\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0623\u0633\u0631\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u062a \u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629. \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0649 \u0631\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u062d \u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0633\u0639\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0632\u0627\u0628 \u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0627\u062a\u0642 \u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u0643\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0632\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0646 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0632\u0627\u0628 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0636\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u0637\u0631\u0641 \u0644\u0628\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631.<\/p>\n<p>\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0636\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u064a\u0646 -\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0626\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0641\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062c\u0648\u0646\u2013 \u062a\u062a\u0644\u062e\u0635 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u062e\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0646\u064a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a. \u0648\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0633\u064a \u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0631\u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0643\u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0628 \u062e\u0644\u0641\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_8075_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_21');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_8075_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_21');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_21\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">21<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8075_1_21\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Rollinde,\u00a0op. cit., p. 130.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_21').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8075_1_21', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u00a0\u0648\u0628\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0623\u062e\u0631 \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0647\u0624\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0636\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629. \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u060c \u064a\u0631\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u064a\u062c \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0643\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0634\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0632\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0636\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0641\u0642 \u0643\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0624\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_8075_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_22');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_8075_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_22');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_22\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">22<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8075_1_22\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u064a\u062c \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u062d\u0645\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0648\u0628\u060c \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u060c \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 <a href=\"http:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=srmfS7ZvPTc\">www.youtube.com\/watch?v=srmfS7ZvPTc<\/a><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_22').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8075_1_22', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u0634\u0643 \u062a\u062e\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0644\u0646\u0641\u0648\u0630 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0627\u062e\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0639\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0628\u062f\u0623\u062a \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0639\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647\u0627 &#8220;\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0635\u0627\u0635&#8221; \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0635\u0627\u0641 \u0641\u064a 1999 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u062b\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0641\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0637\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0639\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_8075_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_23');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_8075_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_23');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_23\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">23<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8075_1_23\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Malika Hadda, \u201cLecture le mouvement marocain pour les droits de l\u2019homme entre consensus national et engagement citoyen\u201d, <em>Confluences<\/em> <em>M\u00e9diterran\u00e9e, <\/em>2004\/4 (N\u00b051), p. 87.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_23').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8075_1_23', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0623\u0633\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1999 \u0648\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0635\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0641\u064a 2004 \u0628\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u062b\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0646 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0635\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0645 \u0646\u0634\u0631\u0647 \u0641\u064a 2006. \u0648\u0627\u0646\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0635\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u0636\u0644\u0648\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644\u0648\u0627 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0635\u0627\u0641.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_8075_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_24');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_8075_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_24');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_24\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">24<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8075_1_24\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Gonz\u00e1lez Riera, op.cit., p 39.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_24').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8075_1_24', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script><\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0628\u062f\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0632\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0642\u062f\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0639\u062f 1998 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0637\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0632\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062f\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0648\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_8075_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_25');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_8075_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_25');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_25\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">25<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8075_1_25\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u0648\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u062c\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0641\u064a Gandolfi \u062a\u0623\u062e\u0631 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0639\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0632\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u062a\u062f\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0632\u0646&#8221; \u064a\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0647\u060c \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0644\u0648 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a\u064b\u0627. \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062e\u0628 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0634\u0623 \u0639\u0646\u0647 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0636\u0648\u062c \u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0623\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0645\u0644\u0629&#8221;. (Gandolfi \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0628\u0642 \u0630\u0643\u0631\u0647\u060c \u0635 5<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_25').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8075_1_25', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u0648\u0646\u062c\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0632 \u062f\u0639\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0646\u0627\u062c\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0631\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0632\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0634\u0623\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0631\u0639\u0627\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0632\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0634\u0643\u0644\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0634\u0631\u0639\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0647\u064a \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629. \u0641\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u0649 \u0622\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0622\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0632\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0641 \u0648\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0622\u0646\u0630\u0627\u0643. \u0648\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0631\u063a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0631\u0624\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0644\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0625\u0642\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u062e\u0631 \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0629 \u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0628\u0635\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636 \u0645\u0639 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u064a\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0631\u0639\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0648\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0639\u0627\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0644\u0628 \u0628\u0635\u0641\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u062d\u062c\u062c \u064a\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0641\u064a\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0643 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0644\u062f \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u062a\u0648\u0638\u0641 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u0647\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0634\u0631\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0632\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u0639\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0636\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0646\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0635\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629&#8221; \u062c\u0631\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0636\u062f \u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_8075_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_26');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_8075_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_26');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_26\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">26<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8075_1_26\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Hadda, op.cit., p. 84.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_26').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8075_1_26', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062a\u0631 \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639. \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0633\u0628 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 2005 \u0627\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0643\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0634\u0645\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646. \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0646\u0629 \u0646\u0634\u0631 \u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0628\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0646\u0634\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0631\u0648\u062c \u0628\u0635\u062f\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u062c\u062f\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645. \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0635\u0631\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u0646\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0648\u0643\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0648\u0627\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062c\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0623\u0629 (\u0648\u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0627\u062c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062b\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062e) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0645\u0633 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0636 \u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0630\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 &#8220;\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a&#8221; \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629&#8221; \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0623\u0633\u0633\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 2009 \u0648\u062a\u0645\u0633\u0643\u062a \u0628\u0643\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0634\u0645\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0648\u0631\u0643\u0632\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064d \u0641\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u062a\u0623\u0633\u0633\u062a \u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u064a\u062f \u0632\u064a\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0632\u0648\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0634\u0643\u0631 \u0628\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0628\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0637\u0646\u060c \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 222<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_8075_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_27');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_8075_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_27');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_27\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">27<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8075_1_27\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629 &#8220;\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a&#8221; \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629 (MALI) \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 &#8220;LeMouvement alternatif pour les libert\u00e9s individuelles&#8221;. \u0633\u0627\u0646\u062f\u062a &#8220;\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a&#8221; \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0644\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0646\u0627\u062f\u062a \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0645\u062b\u0644 &#8220;\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0643\u064a\u0641&#8221; \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0632\u064a\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0632\u0648\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0634\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 &#8220;\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u062b\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0644\u064a\u064a\u0646&#8221;\u060c \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0642\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0647\u0631 \u0645\u0627\u064a\u0648 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0646\u0629 2014 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 489 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062c\u0631\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0644\u0642 \u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0644\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0631\u0641\u0636\u0648\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0646\u0645\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0646\u0647\u0645. \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0623\u0646\u062f\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062e\u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c&#8221;\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0636\u0627\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0644\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628&#8221;\u060c 17 \u0645\u0627\u064a\u0648 2017\u060c \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/is.gd\/CHzsUt\">is.gd\/CHzsUt<\/a><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_27').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8075_1_27', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062c\u0631\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0641\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0647\u0627\u0631 \u0631\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0646. \u0648\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u0641 \u0646\u0627\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0628\u0632\u0639\u0645 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u0639\u0649 &#8220;\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0629&#8221;. \u0648\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u062a \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0644\u0642\u0649 \u0623\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u062d\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0628\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0643\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u0629.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_8075_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_28');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_8075_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_28');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_28\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">28<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8075_1_28\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u0645\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u064a\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0648\u0628 \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 &#8220;\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f \u0645\u0627 \u0642\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0625\u0628\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0634\u0643\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0631\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u0636 \u2013 \u0639\u0627\u062c\u0644 \u0648\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0631&#8221;\u060c \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u060c \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649\u00a0 <a href=\"http:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=DJdJNkRnHc\">www.youtube.com\/watch?v=DJdJNkRnHc<\/a><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_28').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8075_1_28', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u0628\u064a\u0651\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0633\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u062a\u0641\u0642\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 222 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0642\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0647\u0645.<a href=\"#_ftn29\" name=\"_ftnref29\">[29]<\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u0644\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0633\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u062e\u0631 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0633 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u063a\u0633\u0637\u0633 1999<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_8075_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_29');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_8075_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_29');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_29\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">29<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8075_1_29\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u064a\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0645\u062d\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0645\u064f\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628.\u00a0 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0631:<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_29').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8075_1_29', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646. \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0643\u0646\u062a \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a (\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062e) \u0645\u0646 \u0644\u0639\u0628 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629. \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0642\u0637\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0642\u062f \u062a\u062a\u062c\u0633\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0637\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a (\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628) \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u0641 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0639\u0643\u0633\u062a \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u0631\u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0629 \u0647\u0624\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0628 \u0628\u0635\u0641\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0631\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633\u0648\u0627 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0646. \u0648\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0637\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0648\u0627\u062a\u0631\u062a \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0643\u0633\u062a \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u0647\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u062d\u0649 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u062c\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0641.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0647\u0643\u0630\u0627 \u0635\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0636\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a \u062a\u0647\u062a\u0645 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645 \u0648\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0647\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062a\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u062d\u0644 \u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0623\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 (\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644) \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0632\u0627\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0644\u0642\u062f \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u062d\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0622\u0646\u0630\u0627\u0643\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062a\u0633\u0639\u0649 \u0644\u0625\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u062f\u0639\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0623\u062b\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062a\u0637\u0645\u062d \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645 \u0648\u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u0633\u0628\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0646. \u0648\u0628\u063a\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0645\u064a\u0632\u062a \u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_8075_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_30');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_8075_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_30');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_30\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">30<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8075_1_30\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u0648\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0645\u062a\u062f\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0646: \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0633\u0646\u0629 1956 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0637\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1959\u060c \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 1958\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0633\u0646\u0629 1959. \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0623\u0633\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1990\u060c \u0648\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0639\u0641\u0648 \u0645\u0644\u0643\u064a \u0633\u0646\u0629 1991\u0639\u0646 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 300 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0637\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u062c\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u062c\u0631\u062a \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1992 \u062a\u0645 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u064a\u062a\u0628\u0646\u0649 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1993\u060c \u0648\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1993\u060c \u0648\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1994\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633 \u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0639\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_30').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8075_1_30', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u0648\u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0647\u062f\u0647 \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0645\u0639 &#8220;\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0628&#8221;\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0631 \u0628\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0633\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0645\u0648\u0636 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_8075_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_31');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_8075_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_31');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_31\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">31<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8075_1_31\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Gandolfi, op.cit., p 4.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_31').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8075_1_31', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script><\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u064a\u0638\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_8075_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_32');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_8075_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_32');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_32\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">32<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8075_1_32\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0633 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a 1999 \u06482002 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0637\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u063a\u0644\u060c \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u0646\u0629 2000 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0641\u0644\u060c \u0648\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u062f\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0638\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0632\u064a\u063a\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0635\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a. \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0631: Belkouch, op. cit., p. 42.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_32').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8075_1_32', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u0643\u0627\u0646\u0627 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0634 \u0641\u064a 1999 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0632\u0627\u062f\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0645\u0648\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0633\u064a\u0623\u062a\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0623\u0628\u0648\u0647 38 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627. \u0648\u0627\u0643\u062a\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0628 \u0634\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f\u062a \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0634\u060c \u0648\u0646\u0627\u0644 \u062d\u0638\u0648\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0623\u062d\u0632\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0625\u0639\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0632\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0647\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0625\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0643 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0647\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0634\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062d\u0632\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0632\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0632\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0632\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_8075_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_33');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_8075_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_33');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_33\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">33<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8075_1_33\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Gandolfi, op.cit., p. 8.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_33').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8075_1_33', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u0648\u0633\u0646\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0628\u062a\u0641\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0642\u0629.<\/p>\n<h2>\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627: \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a<\/h2>\n<p>\u0634\u062c\u0639\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0644\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a\u060c \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0635 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u062a\u062c\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0645\u0646\u062d\u062a\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629&#8221; \u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 80% \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 1.9% \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0646\u0629 2007.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_8075_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_34');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_8075_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_34');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_34\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">34<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8075_1_34\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Mohamed El Hachimi,\u00a0\u201cSoci\u00e9t\u00e9 civile et d\u00e9mocratisation au Maroc. Le grand malentendu\u201d, Institut europ\u00e9en de la M\u00e9diterran\u00e9e, Juin 2014, p. 15.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_34').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8075_1_34', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0625\u0632\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0644\u062a \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0644\u0642 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a. \u0648\u0632\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0625\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0633 \u0633\u0646\u0629 2005 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645\u062e\u0636\u062a \u0639\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0642 40% \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_8075_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_35');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_8075_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_35');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_35\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">35<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8075_1_35\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">ibid., p. 11.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_35').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8075_1_35', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script><\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647\u062a \u0623\u063a\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u0635\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0634\u0627\u0634\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646\u060c<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_8075_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_36');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_8075_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_36');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_36\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">36<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8075_1_36\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u064a\u0648\u0633\u0641 \u0633\u0648\u0646\u0629\u060c <em>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0648\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0637\u0646<\/em>\u060c \u0645\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0621\u060c 2002\u060c \u0635 264.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_36').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8075_1_36', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u062f\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0634\u0623\u0629 \u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0627\u063a\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a \u0645\u0639 \u0633\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0633 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0625\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0631\u0627\u062b\u062a\u0647 \u0644\u0639\u0631\u0634 \u0623\u0628\u064a\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0631\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0633 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 2.8 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u060c \u06485.4 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0645\u0646 \u064a\u0639\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0634\u0627\u0634\u0629 \u0648\u0636\u0639\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_8075_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_37');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_8075_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_37');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_37\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">37<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8075_1_37\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0634\u0627\u0634\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0636\u0639\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0628\u0633\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u064a \u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_37').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8075_1_37', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u0648\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0647\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u062f\u060c \u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0642\u0641\u0632\u0629 \u0646\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u0639\u0644\u062a\u0647 \u064a\u0646\u062c\u0632 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0633\u0628\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u0647. \u0648\u0631\u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0631 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0628\u0627\u0646 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a&#8221; \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633 \u0648\u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0627.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_8075_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_38');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_8075_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_38');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_38\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">38<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8075_1_38\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Myriam Catusse, \u201cLe \u00ab social \u00bb : une affaire d&#8217;Etat dans le Maroc de Mohammed VI\u00a0\u201c, <em>Confluences<\/em> <em>M\u00e9diterran\u00e9e,<\/em> 2011\/3 (N\u00b0 78), p. 64.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_38').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8075_1_38', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script><\/p>\n<h2>\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627: \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629<\/h2>\n<p>\u0645\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0649\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0623\u0648\u063a\u0631 \u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0633\u0639\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0648\u0623\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0625\u0630 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062a\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0646\u0636\u0627\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u0641 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0643\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a (\u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629) \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0633\u063a \u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0648\u0627\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a \u0648\u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u0643\u0627\u062f \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 &#8220;\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629&#8221; \u0636\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0628\u063a\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062d\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0636\u062a \u0642\u062f\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u062b\u0631\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0636\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0623\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0647\u064a: \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 (\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0631\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627) 1957\u060c \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1958\u060c\u0648\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0637\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1959\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0623\u062b\u0631\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0646\u0638\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0623\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0641\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0631\u0629 \u0643\u0644\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0628\u0641\u0647\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u063a\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u060c \u0647\u064a \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_8075_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_39');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_8075_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_39');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_39\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">39<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8075_1_39\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Hadda, op. cit., p. 84.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_39').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8075_1_39', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script><\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u062e\u0627\u0636\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0636\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0635\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062f\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0648\u0636\u0639\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0623\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0645\u062a\u062f\u0646. \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0636\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0646\u062c\u0645 \u0639\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062b\u0644 <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0626\u064a<\/strong> \u0633\u0646\u0629 1962 \u0645\u0646\u0636\u0648\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0634\u063a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647. \u0648\u0642\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0636\u062e\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0627\u064a\u0648 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1962\u060c \u0631\u0627\u0641\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062f\u0639\u0648 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0648\u0627\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0623\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u062c\u0644. \u0648\u0639\u0627\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0636\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0628\u0639\u062f 1965 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0646\u0627\u062c\u0645 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0634\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0637\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0631\u063a\u0645 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0648\u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0648\u0636\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0623\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0632\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0632\u0648\u064a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644. \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0644\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0645\u0639 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645\u00a0 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0633\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0628\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a \u0641\u064a \u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u06311975.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_8075_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_40');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_8075_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_40');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_40\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">40<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8075_1_40\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 <strong>\u064a\u0637\u0648- \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u060c &#8220;<\/strong>\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0645\u062f\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0631\u0629&#8221;\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0631<strong> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0646\u060c \u0639\u062f\u062f 1131\/2005<\/strong><strong>.<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/is.gd\/bQVokv\">is.gd\/bQVokv<\/a><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_40').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8075_1_40', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0639\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0634\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062f\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0621\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u063a\u064a\u0627\u0628 \u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639 \u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u060c \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0628 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_8075_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_41');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_8075_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_41');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_41\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">41<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8075_1_41\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u0631\u0627\u0634\u062f \u0632\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u060c &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a \u0644\u0645\u062f\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629&#8221;\u060c \u00a014 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0631 \u00a02016\u060c \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 <a href=\"https:\/\/goo.gl\/aPXb4j\">goo.gl\/aPXb4j<\/a><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_41').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8075_1_41', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u0648\u062a\u0623\u0633\u0633 \u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0633\u0646\u0629 1987 \u0648\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0628\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062f\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0648\u0627\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u062b\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641 &#8220;\u062c\u0631\u0649\u0621&#8221;\u00a0 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0633\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0642\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a 1993 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u062a \u0639\u0646\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0644\u062f\u062a \u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u0633\u0627\u0626\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0639\u0628\u062a\u0627 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0636\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0648\u064a \u0648\u0647\u0645\u0627: \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0623\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0642\u0627\u062f\u062a \u062d\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0638\u0644\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u063a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0632\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0646 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0631\u0643\u0632\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u062d\u0638\u064a\u062a \u0628\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0623\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u063a\u0644 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1994.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_8075_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_42');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_8075_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_42');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_42\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">42<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8075_1_42\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\"><strong>\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u064a\u0637\u0648- \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u060c<\/strong> \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0628\u0642 \u0630\u0643\u0631\u0647.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_42').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8075_1_42', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script><\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0636\u0648\u062a \u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0641\u064a &#8220;\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0631\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0648\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0626\u064a&#8221; \u0641\u064a 2001 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0648\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 1993 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u062c\u0648\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_8075_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_43');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_8075_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_43');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_43\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">43<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8075_1_43\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642<\/strong><strong>. <\/strong><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_43').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8075_1_43', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0639\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0642\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0633 \u0641\u064a 2003 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0628\u063a\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062d\u0642\u0642\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0628\u0646\u062a \u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0630\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0646\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 (\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062e)\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0632\u0627\u0644\u062a\u060c \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u064b\u0627: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0647\u062a\u0645 \u0628\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629<\/h2>\n<p>\u0646\u0634\u0623\u062a \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0639\u0649 \u0644\u062a\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644 \u0643\u0644 \u0642\u0636\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629\u060c &#8220;\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0629&#8221;\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0627\u064a\u0648 1961\u060c \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0643\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0643\u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0645\u0633\u0643 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0647\u0629 \u0648\u0646\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629&#8221;. \u0648\u0631\u0643\u0632\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648\u062c \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0621 (\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628). \u0648\u0639\u0645\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a \u0648\u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0646 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u062f\u062e\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u064a\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0648\u0631. \u0648\u0623\u0635\u062f\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 22 \u0639\u062f\u062f\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1987 \u0648\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0646\u062a \u0628\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0643\u0632\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u062a\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a (\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0641\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0639\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a).<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_8075_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_44');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_8075_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_44');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_44\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">44<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8075_1_44\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u0623\u0646\u0633 \u0633\u0639\u062f\u0648\u0646 &#8220;\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0629 (1): \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0625\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628&#8221;\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c 2 \u064a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0648 2015\u060c \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649\u00a0 <a href=\"http:\/\/www.legal-agenda.com\/article.php?id=1165\">www.legal-agenda.com\/article.php?id=1165<\/a>\u00a0 \u0648\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641\u060c &#8220;\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628&#8221;\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c 21 \u064a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0648 2015\u060c \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649\u00a0 <a href=\"http:\/\/www.legal-agenda.com\/article.php?id=1175&amp;folder=articles&amp;lang=ar\">www.legal-agenda.com\/article.php?id=1175&amp;folder=articles&amp;lang=ar<\/a><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_44').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8075_1_44', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script><\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1989 \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0634\u0623\u0629 \u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0642\u0636\u0627\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0628 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_8075_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_45');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_8075_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_45');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_45\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">45<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8075_1_45\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0646\u0639\u064a\u0634\u060c &#8220;\u0645\u0646 \u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0642\u0636\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628&#8221;&#8221;\u060c <em>\u0647\u0633\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0633<\/em>\u060c 21 \u0623\u063a\u0633\u0637\u0633 2012\u060c \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 <a href=\"http:\/\/www.hespress.com\/writers\/60923.html\">www.hespress.com\/writers\/60923.html<\/a><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_45').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8075_1_45', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u0648\u0639\u0631\u0642\u0644\u062a \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0646\u0639\u0642\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629) \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1996 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062c\u0631\u0649 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0629&#8221;\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0645\u064a\u0643\u0648 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u062e\u0631\u062c \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u062a \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0646\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0642\u062f \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0633\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0637 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0642\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a &#8220;\u0623\u064a\u062f \u0622\u0645\u0646\u0629&#8221; \u0648\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_8075_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_46');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_8075_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_46');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_46\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">46<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8075_1_46\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0628\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062f\u064a&#8221;\u060c <em>\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646<\/em>\u060c 31 \u0623\u063a\u0633\u0637\u0633 2011\u060c <a href=\"https:\/\/pulpit.alwatanvoice.com\/articles\/2011\/08\/31\/236358.html\">pulpit.alwatanvoice.com\/articles\/2011\/08\/31\/236358.html<\/a><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_46').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8075_1_46', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script><\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0633\u0646\u0629 2002 \u062f\u0639\u0627 \u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0644\u0643\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0623\u0647\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0644\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062c\u062f\u062f \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0641\u0644 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0639\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0628\u0626\u0629 \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u062d\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0639\u0642\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0628\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0641\u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0642\u0636\u0627\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0629&#8221; \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0624\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0646\u0629 2004 \u0623\u0648 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0646\u0629 2006 \u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u062f\u0645\u062a \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u064a\u0646 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0646.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_8075_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_47');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_8075_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_47');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_47\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">47<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8075_1_47\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u0628\u0646\u0639\u064a\u0634\u060c \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0628\u0642 \u0630\u0643\u0631\u0647.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_47').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8075_1_47', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d \u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0633\u0644\u0637\u062a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0631\u0636\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629\u00a0 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0634\u063a\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u064a\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0623\u0641\u0631\u0632\u062a \u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0629 \u064a\u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0648\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0644 (\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0629) \u0648\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0631 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0642\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u062f \u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0644\u0643\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 2006 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0636\u0637\u0644\u0639 \u0628\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_8075_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_48');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_8075_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_48');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_48\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">48<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8075_1_48\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_48').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8075_1_48', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u062f \u0636\u0639\u0641\u062a \u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062c\u0632 \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0641\u0639\u0644\u064b\u0627. \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0636\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644 \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a \u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0648\u0628 \u0639\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u064a\u062f\u0641\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u062e\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a \u0648\u062a\u0627\u0645. \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0639\u062c\u0632\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0633\u062e\u0637 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0629 \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0644 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0629 (\u0631\u0624\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0631\u0624\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0648\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0648\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0646) \u0633\u0644\u0637\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0646\u0641\u0648\u0630\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u064a\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0648\u0635\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0644. \u0648\u0635\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0628 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0628\u062a\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a \u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0642\u0635\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_8075_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_49');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_8075_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_49');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_49\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">49<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8075_1_49\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0635\u0644\u064a\u060c&#8221;400 \u0642\u0627\u0636 \u0623\u0633\u0633\u0648\u0627 \u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0642&#8221;\u060c <em>\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d<\/em>\u060c 24 \u0623\u063a\u0633\u0637\u0633 2011\u060c \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 <a href=\"http:\/\/assabah.ma\/20531.html\">assabah.ma\/20531.html<\/a><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_49').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8075_1_49', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u0648\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u0635\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u062a\u062e\u0631\u062c \u062f\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0629 \u0641\u064a 2010 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a &#8220;\u0641\u064a\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0643&#8221; \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641 \u062d\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u0636\u0627\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u0631\u0628\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0642\u0631\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0648\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633 \u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 &#8220;\u0646\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0642\u0636\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628&#8221;.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 400 \u0642\u0627\u0636\u060c \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u064a 20 \u0623\u063a\u0633\u0637\u0633 2011\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u062d\u0636\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0631 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0624\u0647 \u0628\u0642\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0628\u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u062d\u0636\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0648\u062c\u0626\u0648\u0627 \u0628\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0639\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u062e\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0628\u0642 \u0645\u0639\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u0642\u0631\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0642. \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0634\u062d \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0628 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630\u064a. \u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a &#8220;\u0641\u064a\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0643&#8221; \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0627\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u0623\u0644\u0642\u0649 \u0645\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0647\u060c \u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0629 \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0631\u0627\u0648\u062f\u0647\u0645 \u062d\u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633 \u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u062a\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0646\u0636\u0627\u062c \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u062e\u0630\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0629 \u0628\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_8075_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_50');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_8075_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_50');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_50\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">50<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8075_1_50\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_50').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8075_1_50', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script><\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\u060c \u062a\u0623\u0633\u0633\u062a \u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0631 2005 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u062a\u0647. \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0625\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0632 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u0631\u0635\u062f \u0623\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0648\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0648\u0623\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u063a\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0631\u0635\u062f \u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629. \u0648\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0639\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0630\u0643\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0629.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_8075_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_51');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_8075_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_51');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_51\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">51<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8075_1_51\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0641\u064a\u0633 \u0628\u0648\u0643 <a href=\"http:\/\/www.facebook.com\/adala.justice\/\">www.facebook.com\/adala.justice\/<\/a><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_51').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8075_1_51', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script><\/p>\n<h2>\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633\u064b\u0627: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0632\u064a\u063a\u064a\u0629<\/h2>\n<p>\u062a\u0628\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0643\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0642\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644. \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u062a\u062c\u0630\u0631 \u0644\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u0637\u00a0 \u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0628\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0634\u062c\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0631\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0639\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637\u064b\u0627 \u062d\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632\u0647\u0627.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_8075_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_52');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_8075_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_52');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_52\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">52<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8075_1_52\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Hadda, op. cit., p. 82.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_52').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8075_1_52', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u0648\u0627\u062a\u064f\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0639\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0639\/\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0628\u0631 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u062b\u0644\u0648\u0627 \u0639\u0642\u0628\u0629\u00a0 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\/\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0643\u0632\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0641\u064a 1967 \u062a\u0623\u0633\u0633\u062a \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0632\u064a\u063a\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u062d\u064a \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a. \u0648\u0633\u0639\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0632\u064a\u063a\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0635\u0641\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u0639\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0639\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0632\u064a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u062e\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0639 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0633\u0639\u062a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0632\u064a\u063a\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0623\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0632\u064a\u063a\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0639\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0623\u0633\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0631 1978 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0637\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0633\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0628\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 &#8220;\u062a\u0627\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0646\u0648\u062a&#8221;. \u0648\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0632\u064a\u063a\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635. \u062b\u0645 \u062a\u0623\u0633\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0632\u064a\u063a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0627 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1979 \u0648\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1980.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0648\u0642\u0639\u062a \u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0632\u064a\u063a\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0630\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0632\u064a\u063a\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0648\u062c\u0647\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0641\u064a\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0635\u064a\u0641 1993\u060c \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0639 \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0632\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0642\u064a\u062a. \u0648\u0646\u0634\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0632\u064a\u063a\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0631 1994\u060c \u0644\u064a\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0628\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0623\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0636\u0627\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0639\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a \u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 &#8220;\u062a\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a&#8221; \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0636 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0631\u0641\u0639\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0641\u0646\u0627\u063a (\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0632\u064a\u063a\u064a) \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0627\u064a\u0648 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1994.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u062a\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0636\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0644\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0632\u064a\u063a\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0647\u0648\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0646\u062c\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0642\u0648\u0645. \u0648\u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0633 \u062a\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a\u0629 (\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0627\u062a) \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644\/\u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u062c\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0633\u0647\u0644 \u0633\u0648\u0633\/ \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0631\u0624\u0649 \u0648\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0632\u064a\u063a\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629 (\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631)\u060c \u0648\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0627 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0627 \u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0644 \u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0648 \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0632\u064a\u063a\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0632\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0642\u062f\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a. \u0648\u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0632\u064a\u063a\u064a\u0629 (\u062a\u0623\u0633\u0633\u062a \u0633\u0646\u0629 1998) \u0648\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0642\u062f\u0648\u0631. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0643\u0648\u0646\u0641\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0647\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645 &#8220;\u062a\u0627\u0645\u0648\u0646\u062a \u0646\u064a\u0641\u0648\u0633&#8221;\u060c \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0642\u0627\u0645\u062a \u062a\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0641\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u0632\u064a\u063a\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u064a\u0639\u0648\u062f \u062c\u0632 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0644\u0646\u0636\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0632\u064a\u063a\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u062c\u064a \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u0632\u064a\u063a\u064a\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0632\u063a\u062a) \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0646\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a \u0648\u062f\u0639\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0632\u064a\u063a\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u0646 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0645\u062a\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0632\u064a\u063a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0633\u064a\u064a\u0633\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062f\u0627\u0641\u0639\u062a \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0648 \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629). \u0648\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0651\u0631 \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1994 \u0641\u064a \u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0623\u0643\u062f \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0632\u064a\u063a\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0648\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u0641\u062a\u062d \u0645\u0639\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0628 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0635\u062d\u0641 \u0648\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0632\u064a\u063a\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631. \u0648\u0641\u064a 2001 \u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0633 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0644\u0643\u064a\u064b\u0627 (\u0638\u0647\u064a\u0631) \u0623\u0633\u0633 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0632\u064a\u063a\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u064a 2004\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0632\u064a\u063a\u064a\u0629 (\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0632\u064a\u063a\u062a) \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0632\u064a\u063a\u064a\u0629 (\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0644 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0632\u063a\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0639\u0646 26\u066a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627 \u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0621 2014 \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0631\u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0632\u064a\u063a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0649 40\u066a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646). \u0648\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u062f \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0632\u064a\u063a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0635\u0641\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0639\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062c\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u062a\u0634\u062c\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0632\u0639\u0645 \u0647\u0624\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0632\u064a\u063a\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0628\u0639\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0646\u0648\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0647 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0641\u0633\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0623\u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0632\u064a\u063a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0639\u0628 \u0646\u0634\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0632\u064a\u063a \u0641\u064a \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0628\u062a\u0639\u062f \u0628\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a \u0648\u0623\u062f\u062e\u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0644\u0639\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0637.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_8075_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_53');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_8075_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_53');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_53\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">53<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8075_1_53\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">David Crawfor and Paul Silverstien, \u201cAmazigh Activisim and the Moroccan State\u201d, <em>MERIP<\/em>, Vol. 34 Winter 2004, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.merip.org\/mer\/mer233\/amazigh-activism-moroccan-state\">www.merip.org\/mer\/mer233\/amazigh-activism-moroccan-state<\/a><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_53').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8075_1_53', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script><\/p>\n<h2>\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0633\u064b\u0627: \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0643\/\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635<\/h2>\n<p>\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0636\u064a\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0643 (\u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635) \u0641\u064a \u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u062f\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u0628\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0646\u062c\u0645 \u0639\u0646\u0647 \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0632\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0645\u062d \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647. \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0635\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u062a\u0628\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0636\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062c. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0632\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0633\u0648\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0628 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a&#8221; \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0635\u064f\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0646\u0642\u0644\u0629 \u0646\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u064a\u062b \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0628\u0642 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0633\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0636\u064a\u0642\u0629.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_8075_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_54');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_8075_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_54');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_54\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">54<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8075_1_54\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Jean-No\u00ebl Ferri\u00e9, Baudouin Dupret, \u00ab La nouvelle architecture constitutionnelle et les trois d\u00e9samor\u00e7ages de la vie politique marocaine \u00bb, <em>Confluences<\/em> <em>M\u00e9diterran\u00e9e<\/em> 2011\/3 (N\u00b0 78), p.27.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_54').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8075_1_54', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script><\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0629 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062d\u062f\u062b \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0648\u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0639 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0639\u0634\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0628\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0642\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0634\u0631\u062a \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0638\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0648\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0645\u0630\u0643\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0632\u0648\u0642\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0633\u0646\u0629 2000\u060c &#8220;\u062a\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0631\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0631\u0642\u0645 10&#8243;\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062a \u0646\u062d\u0648 25 \u0623\u0644\u0641 \u0646\u0633\u062e\u0629. \u0648\u062e\u0631\u062c\u062a \u0645\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0631 2000 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0631\u062a \u0648\u0648\u0636\u0639\u0648\u0627 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0621 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629.&#8221; \u0648\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0627 \u0623\u062f\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0631 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u062f\u062e\u0644. \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0636\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0627\u062e\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2000 \u0648\u0645\u064f\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0632\u064a\u063a \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 2001. \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0632\u0639\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0631 \u0641\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0631\u062f\u0649 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0641\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062d\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0632\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0634\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u062d\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0637\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0631\u063a\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_8075_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_55');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_8075_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_55');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_55\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">55<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8075_1_55\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u0641\u064a\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0631\u064a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0628\u0642 \u0630\u0643\u0631\u0647\u060c \u0635 201-204<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_55').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8075_1_55', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script><\/p>\n<h2>\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629<\/h2>\n<p>\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0633 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0642\u0637\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0631\u0645\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f \u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0637\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f. \u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0634 \u062a\u0623\u0633\u0633\u062a \u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0639\u0648\u064a\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u063a\u0633\u0637\u0633 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0633\u0645 &#8220;\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0648\u064a\u0636 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0648\u064a \u0644\u0636\u062d\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0635\u062d\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0645\u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636\u0648\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0633\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0633\u0641\u064a \u0648\u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645&#8221;. \u0648\u062a\u0644\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0628\u062f\u0623\u062a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 1999 \u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 11 \u0623\u0644\u0641 \u0637\u0644\u0628 \u062a\u0639\u0648\u064a\u0636 \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0639\u062f\u062a \u0633\u062a\u0629 \u0622\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062d\u062f\u062f\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645. \u0648\u0623\u0635\u062f\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 5488 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a 2003 \u0648\u0642\u062f\u0645\u062a \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0631\u0647\u0645\u060c \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0627\u0626\u0629 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0644 3681\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u0638\u0644 \u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0631\u0645\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0635\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0639\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0648\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0628\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0623\u064a \u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629\u00a0 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0625\u0646\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0641\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0645\u0648\u0636 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0639\u064a\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u062f\u062a \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0648\u064a\u0636\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u064a \u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0628\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0622\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0639\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0642\u0631\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0648\u062d \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0646\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646\u0647 \u0641\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0642 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0646\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0636\u062d\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_8075_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_56');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_8075_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_56');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_56\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">56<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8075_1_56\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0648\u064a\u060c <em>\u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628<\/em>\u060c \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0637\u0631\u0648\u062d\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 (10)\u060c 2013\u060c \u0635 28. \u0648\u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0641\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0627\u0626\u0639: &#8220;\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0635\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0629&#8221; \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627&#8221;\u060c \u0644\u0646\u062f\u0646: \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0641\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c 2010\u060c \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 <a href=\"http:\/\/www.amnesty.org\/download\/Documents\/40000\/mde290012010ara.pdf\">www.amnesty.org\/download\/Documents\/40000\/mde290012010ara.pdf<\/a> \u00a0\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u064a\u0631\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0648\u0628\u063a\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0641\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646\u060c &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628: \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u00a0 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644&#8221;\u060c \u0646\u0648\u0641\u0645\u0628\u0631 2005\u060c\u00a0 \u0635. 20\u060c \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 <a href=\"http:\/\/www.ictj.org\/sites\/default\/files\/ICTJ-Morocco-Progress-Report-2005-Arabic.pdf\">www.ictj.org\/sites\/default\/files\/ICTJ-Morocco-Progress-Report-2005-Arabic.pdf<\/a><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_56').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8075_1_56', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script><\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u062c\u0627\u0621\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0635\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0641\u064a 2004 \u0639\u0642\u0628 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u062a\u0642\u0635\u064a \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0633\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0633\u0641\u064a \u0648\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0631 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0648\u064a\u0636\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0641\u064a 30 \u0646\u0648\u0641\u0645\u0628\u0631 2005\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u00a0 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629\u060c \u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0628\u0646\u0632\u0643\u0631\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u062e\u062a\u0627\u0645\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0648\u0628\u0647 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0641\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646. \u0648\u0634\u062f\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0637\u064a\u062f \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0627\u062a.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_8075_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_57');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_8075_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_57');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_57\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">57<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8075_1_57\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0635. 119\u060c 218-219.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_57').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8075_1_57', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script><\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0641\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u062c\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u064a\u0631 \u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0642\u0633\u0631\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0627\u0628. \u0648\u0634\u0643\u0627 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0635\u0627\u0641 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0627 \u062d\u062f\u062b \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629. \u0648\u0644\u062e\u0635 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0639\u0636\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0622\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0644\u064b\u0627: &#8220;\u0628\u062f\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0636\u064a\u0639\u062a \u0641\u0631\u0635\u0629 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u060c \u062a\u0633\u0648\u062f \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0646&#8221;.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_8075_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_58');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_8075_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_58');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_58\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">58<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8075_1_58\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062c\u064a\u060c &#8220;\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0635\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0629: \u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0636\u064a \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a\u061f&#8221;\u060c \u0645\u0648<em>\u0642\u0639 \u0647\u0633\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0633<\/em>\u060c 6 \u0641\u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0631 2016\u060c \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 <a href=\"http:\/\/www.hespress.com\/societe\/293722.html\">www.hespress.com\/societe\/293722.html<\/a><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_58').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8075_1_58', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script><\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0642\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0641\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0627\u0626\u0639&#8221; \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0623\u0642\u0631\u062a \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u062f \u0630\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 &#8220;\u062a\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0627\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645&#8230; \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0635\u062f\u064a \u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a&#8221;\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c\u0647 &#8220;\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u062a \u062e\u0637\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0641\u0633\u0631 \u0648\u0644\u0648 \u062c\u0632\u0626\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u062c\u0632\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0648\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0635\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0642\u0637\u0639\u062a. \u0641\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0641\u0631\u062a \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 1956 \u06481999 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629&#8230; \u0645\u0633\u0623\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0643\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646&#8221;.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_8075_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_59');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_8075_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_59');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_59\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">59<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8075_1_59\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0641\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0627\u0626\u0639: \u2019\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0635\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0629\u2018 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627&#8221;\u060c \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0628\u0642 \u0630\u0643\u0631\u0647\u060c \u0635 5-6.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_59').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8075_1_59', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script><\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u062f\u062a \u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0623\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0642\u0636\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0633\u0645\u062d \u0628\u0648\u0642\u0648\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627. \u0628\u064a\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0625\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0648\u064a \u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u062a\u0623\u0633\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0643\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0633\u0646\u0629 2011 \u0644\u064a\u062d\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646.<a href=\"#_ftn61\" name=\"_ftnref61\">[61]<\/a> \u0648\u0636\u0645\u062a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0623\u064a \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631\u0647 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0648\u0636 \u0628\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0636\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0648\u064a\u0639\u0631\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0647\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u0641 \u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0633\u0646\u0629 2002\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0645\u062a\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1993.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_8075_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_60');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_8075_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_60');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_60\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">60<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8075_1_60\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u060c <a href=\"http:\/\/bit.ly\/2tY9NuP\">bit.ly\/2tY9NuP<\/a><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_60').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8075_1_60', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script><\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062d\u0642\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0642\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0633\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0633\u0628\u0642 \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0635\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0629\u060c \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0628 \u0628\u062a\u0627\u062a\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0638\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0631\u0641\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0637\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0636\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0638\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0637\u0631\u0641\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627.<a href=\"#_ftn63\" name=\"_ftnref63\">[63]<\/a><\/p>\n<h2>\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0648\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0643 20 \u0641\u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0631 \u0643\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644<\/h2>\n<p>\u0646\u0642\u0635\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0647\u062c\u0647 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629 (\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0648\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0633\u0637. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u0643\u062a\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0628\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0634\u0631\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a. \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0632\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a \u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0631\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0641\u0633\u0631 \u062a\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 20 \u0641\u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0631 2011 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f \u0623\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u062d\u062f\u062b.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0634\u0643\u0644\u062a \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 20 \u0641\u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0645\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062b\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629. \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0646\u0641\u062a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0646\u0642\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0646\u062c\u0645\u062a \u0639\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a. \u062c\u0627\u0621\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0628\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0646\u0628\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0639\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0648\u0635\u0644\u062a \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0647\u0628\u062a \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u064a\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062e\u0646\u0629.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_8075_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_61');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_8075_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_61');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_61\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">61<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8075_1_61\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Jean-No\u00ebl Ferri\u00e9, Baudouin Dupret, \u201cLa nouvelle architecture constitutionnelle et les trois d\u00e9samor\u00e7ages de la vie politique marocaine\u201d, <em>Confluences<\/em> <em>M\u00e9diterran\u00e9e, <\/em>2011\/3 (N\u00b0 78), p. 29.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_61').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8075_1_61', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script><\/p>\n<p><strong><em>\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 &#8220;20 \u0641\u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0631<\/em><\/strong><strong><em>&#8220;<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0631\u0628\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u062f\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u062f\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062e\u0631\u062c \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633 \u0648\u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0627 \u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 20 \u0641\u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u062d\u0645\u0644\u062a \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0634 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_8075_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_62');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_8075_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_62');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_62\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">62<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8075_1_62\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Nadia Hajji, \u201cMobilisation et d\u00e9mor\u00e7age du mouvement du 20 f\u00e9vrier au Maroc : La th\u00e9orie des cadres \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9preuve d\u2019un contexte autoritaire\u201d, M\u00e9moire pr\u00e9sent\u00e9 comme exigence partielle de la ma\u00eetrise en science politique, Universit\u00e9 du Qu\u00e9bec \u00e0 Montr\u00e9al, F\u00e9vrier 2015, p. 18., <a href=\"http:\/\/www.archipel.uqam.ca\/7331\/1\/M13801.pdf\">www.archipel.uqam.ca\/7331\/1\/M13801.pdf<\/a><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_62').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8075_1_62', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0647\u0648 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b &#8220;\u0645\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629&#8221;\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u064a\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064b\u0627\u060c<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_8075_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_63');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_8075_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_63');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_63\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">63<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8075_1_63\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0643 20 \u0641\u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062b\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u0632\u0628 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a&#8221; \u0630\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0633\u064a-\u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0648\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0646&#8221; \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_63').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8075_1_63', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u0645\u0646\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 &#8220;\u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a&#8221; \u0645\u0628\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0645\u0646\u0648\u062d\u064b\u0627 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0633\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_8075_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_64');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_8075_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_64');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_64\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">64<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8075_1_64\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0633\u0646\u0629 2011 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u062e\u0645\u0633\u0629 \u062f\u0633\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0631: \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 1962\u060c \u0648\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 1970\u060c \u0648\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 1972\u060c \u0648\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 1992\u060c \u0648\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 1996.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_64').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8075_1_64', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script><\/p>\n<p>\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0643 20 \u0641\u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0631 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0635\u0627\u063a \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0646\u0632\u0644 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0628\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0628\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0627\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0647 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0643 20 \u0641\u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0631 \u0643\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 (\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0647\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0646\u064a\u0644 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629) \u0642\u062f \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0637\u0646 \u0648\u0635\u0627\u0631\u062a \u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a\u064a\u060c \u064a\u0631\u0648\u0645 \u062e\u0644\u0642 \u062d\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0645\u0636\u0627\u062f \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u060c \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628 \u0628\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639\u0627 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628.<\/p>\n<p>\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a 20 \u0641\u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u064a \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0639\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062e\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0646\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0643 \u0639\u0646 \u0643\u0648\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0623\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u064a\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0643\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0631\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\/\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0634\u0643\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0632\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0644\u0639\u0628\u062a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 &#8220;\u0641\u064a\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0643&#8221; \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a \u062f\u0648\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0643\u0642\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0646\u062c\u062d\u062a \u0628\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_8075_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_65');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_8075_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_65');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_65\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">65<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8075_1_65\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Jean-No\u00ebl Ferri\u00e9 et Baudouin Dupret, op. cit., p. 30.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_65').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8075_1_65', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script><\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u062a\u0645\u0633\u0643\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a. \u0648\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0644\u0642 \u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u062a\u0639\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0633\u0648\u0641 \u062a\u0636\u0637\u0644\u0639 \u0628\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062f\u0639\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0642\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f 20 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 2011 \u0628\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0637\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0644\u0643\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0625\u0633\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0633\u062d\u0628 \u0634\u0631\u0639\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_8075_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_66');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_8075_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_66');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_66\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">66<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8075_1_66\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Hajji, op. cit., p. 42.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_66').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8075_1_66', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062d \u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u0639\u062f\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0635\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0623\u0636\u0639\u0641 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0632\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062e\u0631\u0627\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643\u064a \u0648\u062f\u062e\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0639\u0648\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0634\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0639\u0632\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0631\u0641\u0636\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u062e\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062d. \u0639\u0648\u0636 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0627\u062a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0648 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0641\u0642\u062f \u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u0632\u064a \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0647\u064a\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0648 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_8075_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_67');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_8075_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_67');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_67\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">67<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8075_1_67\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">ibid., p. 45.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_67').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8075_1_67', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script><\/p>\n<h2>\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0639\u064b\u0627: \u062e\u0627\u062a\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0622\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628<\/h2>\n<p>\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u062c\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0627\u062e\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0639\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0623\u0648\u0627\u062e\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0646\u0634\u0637\u062a \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0628\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0647\u064a\u0627\u0643\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0632\u0627\u062f \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639\u062a \u0647\u064a\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0648\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u062a\u0636\u0645 \u0646\u062d\u0648 14 \u0623\u0644\u0641 \u0639\u0636\u0648 \u0645\u0648\u0632\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 100 \u0641\u0631\u0639 \u0628\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2016. \u0648\u0628\u062f\u0623\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0631\u0641\u0639 \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0630 2004\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0642\u062f\u0645\u062a \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 1999 \u0625\u0644\u0649 2004 \u0623\u062f\u0631\u062c\u062a \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a. \u0648\u0639\u0645\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0644 2004 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0648\u0647\u064a\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0648\u0644\u062a \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0642\u0641\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a \u064a\u0646\u0633\u062c\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0648\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u064a\u0624\u0643\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0628 \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0648\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u00a0(\u0648\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0645\u0627 \u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0648\u064a\u0633\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0642\u0633\u0637\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0634\u0631\u0639\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0637).<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_8075_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_68');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_8075_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_68');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_68\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">68<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8075_1_68\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u0648\u064a\u0643\u0646 \u0641\u0627\u064a\u0632\u0629\u060c &#8221; \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064b\u0627&#8221;\u060c \u0641\u064a: <em>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0627\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/em>\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646\u060c 2012\u060c \u0635 172\u060c 175.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_68').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8075_1_68', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u064a\u060c \u062d\u0642\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u062a\u0636\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0627\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0648\u0633\u0639\u062a \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0631\u0637\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0631\u0623\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629\u060c \u062e\u062f\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0626\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0636\u0645 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0631\u0623\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0627\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 (24 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u060c \u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u060c \u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u0627).<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_8075_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_69');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_8075_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_69');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_69\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">69<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8075_1_69\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0633\u0648\u0646\u064a\u060c&#8221; \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646&#8221;\u060c <em>\u0647\u0633\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0633<\/em>\u060c 3 \u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 2014\u060c \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 <a href=\"http:\/\/www.hespress.com\/writers\/239718.html\">www.hespress.com\/writers\/239718.html<\/a><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_69').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8075_1_69', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script><\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0646 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0628\u0646\u0649 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_8075_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_70');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_8075_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_70');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_70\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">70<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8075_1_70\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 <a href=\"http:\/\/www.lmddh.com\">www.lmddh.com<\/a><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_70').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8075_1_70', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0636\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0626\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062a\u062e\u0630 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0623\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0631\u0627\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0634\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0646 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_8075_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_71');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_8075_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_71');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_71\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">71<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8075_1_71\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u0646\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0634\u060c <em>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627\u0646 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646: \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646<\/em>\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0646\u0627\u0634\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u060c 2011\u060c \u0635. 31\u060c \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 <a href=\"https:\/\/goo.gl\/Lfxhnt\">goo.gl\/Lfxhnt<\/a><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_71').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8075_1_71', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script><\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0635\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0648\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0623\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0648\u063a\u0646\u0649 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0643\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u062f\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0639\u0644 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0642 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0634\u0641\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 (\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629) \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0645\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0636\u064a\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u0646\u0638\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0643\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0646 (\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0633\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0628\u0630\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u062a\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0647 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0628\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0634\u0649 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u064a\u0628\u0642\u0649 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0636 \u0645\u0639 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644. \u0648\u0644\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645 \u0641\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0628\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0636\u064a\u064a\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0633\u0644\u0633 \u064a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0634\u0649 \u0648\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0635\u0641\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a \u0628\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0636\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u0634\u0641\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0628\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0621\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646. \u0648\u0633\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u0637\u0631 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0641\u0639\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u064a\u062f \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0636\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0648\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0644\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u0647\u0648 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a. \u0648\u064a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629&#8221; \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0643\u0648\u0646\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0634\u0645\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0645\u0639 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0628\u0646\u064a \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0642\u0647\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0623\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0647\u0631\u064a \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0623\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0628\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u062c\u0647\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0636\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0648\u0646 (\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0625\u0631\u0647\u0627\u0628) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0646 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u0647\u0645. \u0648\u064a\u0642\u0631 \u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0647\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0648\u0632\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u064a\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u0645\u064a \u0644\u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647) \u0648\u0635\u0641 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0631\u0648 \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0648\u0623\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647 &#8220;\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0638\u064a\u0645&#8221;\u060c<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_8075_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_72');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_8075_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_72');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_72\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">72<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8075_1_72\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u062a\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0631\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0639\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u062d\u064a \u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627 \u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0648\u064f\u0636\u0639 \u0642\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0633\u064f\u062c\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u0648\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0635\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629. \u0648\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0639 \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0631\u0648 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0635\u0641\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0646 \u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0644\u0647 \u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f \u062d\u0644\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0631\u062e\u0651\u0635 \u0644\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u0641\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646. \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a: \u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0631\u0641\u060c &#8220;\u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0631\u0648.. \u0634\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628&#8221;\u060c 20 \u0646\u0648\u0641\u0645\u0628\u0631 2015\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649\u00a0 <a href=\"https:\/\/goo.gl\/a3eQ8M\">\u00a0goo.gl\/a3eQ8M<\/a> \u0648\u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0644\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a\u060c &#8220;\u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0646\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0648\u060c \u062c\u0648\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0636\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0623\u064a\u0642\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0641\u062e\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631&#8221;\u060c 20 \u0645\u0627\u064a\u0648 2014\u060c \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 <a href=\"http:\/\/www.aljamaa.net\/ar\/2014\/05\/20\/\u0639\u0628\u062f-\u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0646\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0648\u060c-\u062c\u0648\u0647\u0631\u0629-\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0636\u0627\u0644\u060c-\u0648\u0623\u064a\/\">www.aljamaa.net\/ar\/2014\/05\/20\/\u0639\u0628\u062f-\u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0646\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0648\u060c-\u062c\u0648\u0647\u0631\u0629-\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0636\u0627\u0644\u060c-\u0648\u0623\u064a\/<\/a> .<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_72').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8075_1_72', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0631\u0633\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0647\u0646\u0626\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u062f\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0628\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0627\u0626\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_8075_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_73');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_8075_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_73');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_73\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">73<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8075_1_73\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629: &#8220;\u0644\u0642\u062f \u0639\u0631\u0641\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0636\u0644\u0629 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u062e\u0629 \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0634\u062a\u063a\u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0633\u0648\u064a\u0627 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0643\u0646\u062a \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0642\u064a. \u0643\u0646\u062a \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0641\u062e\u0637\u0648\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0647\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0648\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0645\u0647\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0624\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0648\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629&#8230; \u0646\u0627\u0636\u0644\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0636\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u062a\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u064a \u062a\u0634\u0648\u064a\u0634 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0648\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a \u0636\u064a\u0642.. \u0623\u0645\u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0648\u0646\u062d\u0646 \u0646\u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0628\u0643\u0644 \u0635\u062f\u0642 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0632 \u0628\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0632\u060c \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0646\u0647\u064a \u0628\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0646\u0634\u062a\u063a\u0644 \u0633\u0648\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644\u0647\u0627.&#8221; \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0646\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0646\u0626\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637: <a href=\"http:\/\/www.aljamaa.net\/ar\/document\/74471.shtml\">www.aljamaa.net\/ar\/document\/74471.shtml<\/a><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_73').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8075_1_73', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script><\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0627 \u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0647 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0635\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u0648\u0636\u0648\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0639 \u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u064a\u0642\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u064a\u064b\u0627. \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0641\u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u062a\u0648\u0637\u064a\u062f \u0648\u062a\u0641\u0639\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u062c\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0632\u0644\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0642\u062f\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u062f\u0641\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u062a\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0642 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u0645\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0633\u0637\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0644\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0635\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0632\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629. \u0648\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0643\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0641\u0642\u062f \u062a\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u064a \u0628\u0644\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0632 \u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u064f\u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0641\u0631\u062f\u0647\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0631\u062d\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631\u0629.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref29\" name=\"_ftn29\"><\/a>\u00a0[29]\u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0633\u0648\u0646\u064a\u060c &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0633\u0648\u0646\u064a: \u0623\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0639 &#8216;\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a&#8217; \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 222 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a&#8221;\u060c \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0642\u0646\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u060c 20 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648 2016\u060c \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 <a href=\"http:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=lYV5Q8R8l7I\">www.youtube.com\/watch?v=lYV5Q8R8l7I<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Habib Belkouch, \u201cDroit de l\u2019homme et d\u00e9mocratisation au Maroc, bilan et perspective\u201d, 2005, p. 35. <a href=\"https:\/\/habibbelkouch.wordpress.com\/2014\/08\/31\/droits-de-lhomme-et-democratisation-au-maroc-bilan-et-perspectives\/\">habibbelkouch.wordpress.com\/2014\/08\/31\/droits-de-lhomme-et-democratisation-au-maroc-bilan-et-perspectives\/<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref61\" name=\"_ftn61\"><\/a>\u00a0[61]\u062a\u0623\u0633\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0646\u0629 1990 \u0628\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u062c\u0632\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0633\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0623\u0643\u062a\u0633\u0628\u062a \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0636\u0627\u0639\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0633\u0642\u0648\u0637 \u062d\u0627\u0626\u0637 \u0628\u0631\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0627\u062e\u0631 1989 \u0648\u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0622\u0646\u0630\u0627\u0643 \u064a\u062c\u062f \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0639 \u0639\u0646 \u0633\u062c\u0644 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a \u0645\u0632\u0631\u064a. \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0624\u0633\u0633 \u0644\u0642\u0637\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0648\u062c\u0647\u062a \u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0644\u0647 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0631\u0645\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629. \u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0635. 71-115.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref63\" name=\"_ftn63\"><\/a>\u00a0[63]\u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u060c &#8220;\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u062a\u0647\u0627\u062c\u0645 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u2019\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u2018 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0628\u0627\u0631&#8221;\u060c 15 \u062f\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631 2014\u060c \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u00a0www.almaghribtoday.net\/326\/\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0629-\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629-\u0641\u064a-\u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628-\u062a\u0647\u0627\u062c\u0645-\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633-\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633-\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a-\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f-\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0628\u0627\u0631<\/p>\n<div class=\"speaker-mute footnotes_reference_container\"> <div class=\"footnote_container_prepare\"><p><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_reference_container_label pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_expand_collapse_reference_container_8075_1();\">Endnotes<\/span><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_reference_container_collapse_button\" style=\"display: none;\" onclick=\"footnote_expand_collapse_reference_container_8075_1();\">[<a id=\"footnote_reference_container_collapse_button_8075_1\">+<\/a>]<\/span><\/p><\/div> <div id=\"footnote_references_container_8075_1\" style=\"\"><table class=\"footnotes_table footnote-reference-container\"><caption class=\"accessibility\">Endnotes<\/caption> <tbody> \r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_1\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_8075_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_1');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>1<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Paola Gandofli, \u201cLa soci\u00e9t\u00e9 civile au Maroc, signification et issues des processus de changement sociale et politique\u201d, <em>4th Mediterranean Social and Political Research Meeting<\/em>, 19-23 March 2003, p. 8, \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a <a href=\"https:\/\/goo.gl\/BrMibG\">goo.gl\/BrMibG<\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_2\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_8075_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_2');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>2<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">(\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0632\u0646 \u0647\u0648 \u062a\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062e\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0642\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062e\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0636\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0646 (\u0623\u0648 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f) \u0628\u0635\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0623\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f. \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0631: Jos\u00e9 M. Gonz\u00e1lez Riera, \u201cDes ann\u00e9es de plomb au 20 f\u00e9vrier. Le r\u00f4le d\u00e9sorganisations des droits humains dans la transition politique au Maroc\u201d, <em>Confluences M\u00e9diterran\u00e9e<\/em>, 2011\/3 No78,\u00a0 p. 45.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_3\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_8075_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_3');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>3<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0623\u062d\u0632\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628. \u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u0633\u062e \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0631 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0641\u064a \u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0631 1954. \u0648\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0630\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a&#8221; \u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644\u062a \u0633\u0646\u0629 1992 \u062c\u0646\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0646\u0628 \u0645\u0639 \u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u064a&#8221; \u0633\u0646\u0629 1998. \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0628: \u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/istiqlal.info\/a\/\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e%20\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0628\/\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">http:\/\/istiqlal.info\/a\/\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e%20\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0628\/<\/span><\/a>\u00a0 \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0636\u0631\u064a\u0641\u060c &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0632\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629&#8221;\u060c <em>\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a<\/em>\u060c 1993\u060c \u0635. 200<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_4\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_8075_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_4');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>4<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Marguerite Rollinde,\u00a0\u201cLes associations des droits de l\u2019homme au Maroc : entre adh\u00e9sion nationale, appartenance politique et engagement citoyen\u201d, <em>les<\/em> <em>cahiers<\/em> <em>du<\/em> <em>CRASC<\/em>, n\u00b05-2002, p. 128.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_5\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_8075_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_5');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>5<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u064a\u0646\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u0639\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0635 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0623\u0643\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_6\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_8075_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_6');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>6<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Gonz\u00e1lez Riera, op. cit., p. 36.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_7\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_8075_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_7');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>7<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u062a\u0623\u0633\u0633 \u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0631 1975\u060c \u0645\u062a\u0628\u0646\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629&#8221; \u0648\u062f\u0627\u0639\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 &#8220;\u0623\u062c\u0644 \u062a\u0634\u064a\u064a\u062f \u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0648\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0634\u0639\u0628\u0646\u0627&#8221;. \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0631: \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0636\u0631\u064a\u0641\u060c \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0628\u0642 \u0630\u0643\u0631\u0647\u060c \u0635. 263. \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0628 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u062f\u0647 \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u064a&#8221; \u0633\u0646\u0629 1998 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0633\u0641\u064a. \u0648\u062a\u0636\u0627\u0621\u0644 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2016 \u0633\u0648\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0649 20 \u0645\u0646 395 \u0645\u0642\u0639\u062f\u064b\u0627.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_8\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_8075_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_8');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>8<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Gandofli, op. cit., p. 10.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_9\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_8075_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_9');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>9<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0628\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0631\u064a\u064a\u0646\u060c <em>\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644<\/em>\u060c \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629: \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u064a\u0645 \u0632\u062d\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0637: \u0623\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642 (2014) \u0635 173-174<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_10\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_8075_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_10');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>10<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Rollinde,\u00a0op.cit. p. 127, 167.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_11\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_8075_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_11');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>11<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u00a0 Ibid., p. 174.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_12\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_8075_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_12');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>12<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0631 \u0623\u0631\u0648\u064a\u0646\u060c &#8220;\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0623\u0646\u062f\u0644\u0633 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0628\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0646\u0635 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062b\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0646&#8221;\u060c <em>\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0633<\/em>\u060c 20 \u0623\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0631 2013\u060c \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649<a href=\"https:\/\/is.gd\/ctzbZx\"> is.gd\/ctzbZx<\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_13\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_8075_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_13');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>13<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u062e\u062f\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u060c &#8220;\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062b\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646&#8221;\u060c \u0637\u0646\u062c\u0629 24 \u0646\u0648\u0641\u0645\u0628\u0631 2013\u060c \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 <a href=\"https:\/\/is.gd\/ps0H2R\">is.gd\/ps0H2R<\/a> \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642\u062a \u062c\u0632\u0626\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0633\u0631\u0627\u062d \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0630\u064a\u0628\u060c \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u0636\u0629 \u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0632 \u0636\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0623\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 1992.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_14\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_8075_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_14');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>14<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Gonz\u00e1lez Riera, op. cit., p. 37.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_15\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_8075_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_15');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>15<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 &#8220;\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0635\u0627\u0635&#8221; \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0645\u062a\u062f\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0639\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0639\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0634\u0647\u062f\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0628 \u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u062a\u0639\u0630\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u062d\u0634\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0633\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u062c\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0627\u0628 \u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_16\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_8075_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_16');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>16<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0641\u064a\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0631\u064a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0635 179-180.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_17\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_8075_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_17');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>17<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0647\u064a\u0645\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u0639\u064a\u062f \u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0647\u064a\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u0627\u064a\u062a\u0633 \u0648\u0648\u062a\u0634 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0641\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644. \u0648\u062a\u0628\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u064a \u0642\u0628\u0644\u060c \u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0633\u0631\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062c\u0646\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0622\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633 \u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0623\u0633\u0633\u062a \u0633\u0646\u0629 1998 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u062a\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0628\u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0631\u0623\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0632\u0639\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0633\u0641\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0631 \u0628\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0631\u0626\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062f\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0636 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627. \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0632\u0648\u0642\u064a\u060c &#8220;\u0647\u0644 \u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u062a\u061f&#8221; \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627 \u0635\u0648\u062a\u060c 4 \u0646\u0648\u0641\u0645\u0628\u0631 2016\u060c \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 <a href=\"https:\/\/is.gd\/N9jS2k\">is.gd\/N9jS2k<\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_18\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_8075_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_18');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>18<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Gonz\u00e1lez Riera, op. cit., p. 38.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_19\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_8075_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_19');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>19<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0628 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0629.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_20\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_8075_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_20');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>20<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Gonz\u00e1lez Riera, op. cit., p. 38<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_21\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_8075_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_21');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>21<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Rollinde,\u00a0op. cit., p. 130.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_22\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_8075_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_22');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>22<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u064a\u062c \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u062d\u0645\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0648\u0628\u060c \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u060c \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 <a href=\"http:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=srmfS7ZvPTc\">www.youtube.com\/watch?v=srmfS7ZvPTc<\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_23\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_8075_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_23');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>23<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Malika Hadda, \u201cLecture le mouvement marocain pour les droits de l\u2019homme entre consensus national et engagement citoyen\u201d, <em>Confluences<\/em> <em>M\u00e9diterran\u00e9e, <\/em>2004\/4 (N\u00b051), p. 87.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_24\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_8075_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_24');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>24<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Gonz\u00e1lez Riera, op.cit., p 39.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_25\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_8075_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_25');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>25<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0648\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u062c\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0641\u064a Gandolfi \u062a\u0623\u062e\u0631 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0639\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0632\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u062a\u062f\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0632\u0646&#8221; \u064a\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0647\u060c \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0644\u0648 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a\u064b\u0627. \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062e\u0628 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0634\u0623 \u0639\u0646\u0647 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0636\u0648\u062c \u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0623\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0645\u0644\u0629&#8221;. (Gandolfi \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0628\u0642 \u0630\u0643\u0631\u0647\u060c \u0635 5<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_26\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_8075_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_26');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>26<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Hadda, op.cit., p. 84.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_27\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_8075_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_27');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>27<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629 &#8220;\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a&#8221; \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629 (MALI) \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 &#8220;LeMouvement alternatif pour les libert\u00e9s individuelles&#8221;. \u0633\u0627\u0646\u062f\u062a &#8220;\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a&#8221; \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0644\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0646\u0627\u062f\u062a \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0645\u062b\u0644 &#8220;\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0643\u064a\u0641&#8221; \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0632\u064a\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0632\u0648\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0634\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 &#8220;\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u062b\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0644\u064a\u064a\u0646&#8221;\u060c \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0642\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0647\u0631 \u0645\u0627\u064a\u0648 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0646\u0629 2014 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 489 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062c\u0631\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0644\u0642 \u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0644\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0631\u0641\u0636\u0648\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0646\u0645\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0646\u0647\u0645. \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0623\u0646\u062f\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062e\u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c&#8221;\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0636\u0627\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0644\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628&#8221;\u060c 17 \u0645\u0627\u064a\u0648 2017\u060c \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/is.gd\/CHzsUt\">is.gd\/CHzsUt<\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_28\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_8075_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_28');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>28<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0645\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u064a\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0648\u0628 \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 &#8220;\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f \u0645\u0627 \u0642\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0625\u0628\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0634\u0643\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0631\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u0636 \u2013 \u0639\u0627\u062c\u0644 \u0648\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0631&#8221;\u060c \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u060c \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649\u00a0 <a href=\"http:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=DJdJNkRnHc\">www.youtube.com\/watch?v=DJdJNkRnHc<\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_29\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_8075_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_29');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>29<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u064a\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0645\u062d\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0645\u064f\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628.\u00a0 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0631:<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_30\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_8075_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_30');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>30<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0648\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0645\u062a\u062f\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0646: \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0633\u0646\u0629 1956 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0637\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1959\u060c \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 1958\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0633\u0646\u0629 1959. \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0623\u0633\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1990\u060c \u0648\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0639\u0641\u0648 \u0645\u0644\u0643\u064a \u0633\u0646\u0629 1991\u0639\u0646 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 300 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0637\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u062c\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u062c\u0631\u062a \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1992 \u062a\u0645 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u064a\u062a\u0628\u0646\u0649 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1993\u060c \u0648\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1993\u060c \u0648\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1994\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633 \u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0639\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_31\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_8075_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_31');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>31<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Gandolfi, op.cit., p 4.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_32\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_8075_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_32');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>32<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0633 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a 1999 \u06482002 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0637\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u063a\u0644\u060c \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u0646\u0629 2000 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0641\u0644\u060c \u0648\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u062f\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0638\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0632\u064a\u063a\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0635\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a. \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0631: Belkouch, op. cit., p. 42.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_33\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_8075_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_33');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>33<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Gandolfi, op.cit., p. 8.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_34\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_8075_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_34');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>34<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Mohamed El Hachimi,\u00a0\u201cSoci\u00e9t\u00e9 civile et d\u00e9mocratisation au Maroc. Le grand malentendu\u201d, Institut europ\u00e9en de la M\u00e9diterran\u00e9e, Juin 2014, p. 15.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_35\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_8075_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_35');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>35<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">ibid., p. 11.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_36\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_8075_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_36');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>36<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u064a\u0648\u0633\u0641 \u0633\u0648\u0646\u0629\u060c <em>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0648\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0637\u0646<\/em>\u060c \u0645\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0621\u060c 2002\u060c \u0635 264.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_37\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_8075_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_37');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>37<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0634\u0627\u0634\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0636\u0639\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0628\u0633\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u064a \u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_38\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_8075_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_38');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>38<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Myriam Catusse, \u201cLe \u00ab social \u00bb : une affaire d&#8217;Etat dans le Maroc de Mohammed VI\u00a0\u201c, <em>Confluences<\/em> <em>M\u00e9diterran\u00e9e,<\/em> 2011\/3 (N\u00b0 78), p. 64.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_39\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_8075_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_39');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>39<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Hadda, op. cit., p. 84.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_40\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_8075_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_40');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>40<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 <strong>\u064a\u0637\u0648- \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u060c &#8220;<\/strong>\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0645\u062f\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0631\u0629&#8221;\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0631<strong> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0646\u060c \u0639\u062f\u062f 1131\/2005<\/strong><strong>.<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/is.gd\/bQVokv\">is.gd\/bQVokv<\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_41\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_8075_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_41');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>41<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0631\u0627\u0634\u062f \u0632\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u060c &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a \u0644\u0645\u062f\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629&#8221;\u060c \u00a014 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0631 \u00a02016\u060c \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 <a href=\"https:\/\/goo.gl\/aPXb4j\">goo.gl\/aPXb4j<\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_42\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_8075_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_42');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>42<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\"><strong>\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u064a\u0637\u0648- \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u060c<\/strong> \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0628\u0642 \u0630\u0643\u0631\u0647.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_43\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_8075_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_43');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>43<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642<\/strong><strong>. <\/strong><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_44\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_8075_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_44');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>44<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0623\u0646\u0633 \u0633\u0639\u062f\u0648\u0646 &#8220;\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0629 (1): \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0625\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628&#8221;\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c 2 \u064a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0648 2015\u060c \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649\u00a0 <a href=\"http:\/\/www.legal-agenda.com\/article.php?id=1165\">www.legal-agenda.com\/article.php?id=1165<\/a>\u00a0 \u0648\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641\u060c &#8220;\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628&#8221;\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c 21 \u064a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0648 2015\u060c \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649\u00a0 <a href=\"http:\/\/www.legal-agenda.com\/article.php?id=1175&amp;folder=articles&amp;lang=ar\">www.legal-agenda.com\/article.php?id=1175&amp;folder=articles&amp;lang=ar<\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_45\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_8075_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_45');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>45<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0646\u0639\u064a\u0634\u060c &#8220;\u0645\u0646 \u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0642\u0636\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628&#8221;&#8221;\u060c <em>\u0647\u0633\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0633<\/em>\u060c 21 \u0623\u063a\u0633\u0637\u0633 2012\u060c \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 <a href=\"http:\/\/www.hespress.com\/writers\/60923.html\">www.hespress.com\/writers\/60923.html<\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_46\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_8075_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_46');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>46<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0628\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062f\u064a&#8221;\u060c <em>\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646<\/em>\u060c 31 \u0623\u063a\u0633\u0637\u0633 2011\u060c <a href=\"https:\/\/pulpit.alwatanvoice.com\/articles\/2011\/08\/31\/236358.html\">pulpit.alwatanvoice.com\/articles\/2011\/08\/31\/236358.html<\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_47\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_8075_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_47');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>47<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0628\u0646\u0639\u064a\u0634\u060c \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0628\u0642 \u0630\u0643\u0631\u0647.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_48\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_8075_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_48');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>48<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_49\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_8075_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_49');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>49<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0635\u0644\u064a\u060c&#8221;400 \u0642\u0627\u0636 \u0623\u0633\u0633\u0648\u0627 \u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0642&#8221;\u060c <em>\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d<\/em>\u060c 24 \u0623\u063a\u0633\u0637\u0633 2011\u060c \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 <a href=\"http:\/\/assabah.ma\/20531.html\">assabah.ma\/20531.html<\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_50\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_8075_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_50');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>50<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_51\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_8075_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_51');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>51<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0641\u064a\u0633 \u0628\u0648\u0643 <a href=\"http:\/\/www.facebook.com\/adala.justice\/\">www.facebook.com\/adala.justice\/<\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_52\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_8075_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_52');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>52<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Hadda, op. cit., p. 82.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_53\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_8075_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_53');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>53<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">David Crawfor and Paul Silverstien, \u201cAmazigh Activisim and the Moroccan State\u201d, <em>MERIP<\/em>, Vol. 34 Winter 2004, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.merip.org\/mer\/mer233\/amazigh-activism-moroccan-state\">www.merip.org\/mer\/mer233\/amazigh-activism-moroccan-state<\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_54\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_8075_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_54');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>54<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Jean-No\u00ebl Ferri\u00e9, Baudouin Dupret, \u00ab La nouvelle architecture constitutionnelle et les trois d\u00e9samor\u00e7ages de la vie politique marocaine \u00bb, <em>Confluences<\/em> <em>M\u00e9diterran\u00e9e<\/em> 2011\/3 (N\u00b0 78), p.27.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_55\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_8075_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_55');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>55<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0641\u064a\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0631\u064a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0628\u0642 \u0630\u0643\u0631\u0647\u060c \u0635 201-204<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_56\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_8075_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_56');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>56<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0648\u064a\u060c <em>\u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628<\/em>\u060c \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0637\u0631\u0648\u062d\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 (10)\u060c 2013\u060c \u0635 28. \u0648\u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0641\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0627\u0626\u0639: &#8220;\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0635\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0629&#8221; \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627&#8221;\u060c \u0644\u0646\u062f\u0646: \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0641\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c 2010\u060c \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 <a href=\"http:\/\/www.amnesty.org\/download\/Documents\/40000\/mde290012010ara.pdf\">www.amnesty.org\/download\/Documents\/40000\/mde290012010ara.pdf<\/a> \u00a0\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u064a\u0631\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0648\u0628\u063a\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0641\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646\u060c &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628: \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u00a0 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644&#8221;\u060c \u0646\u0648\u0641\u0645\u0628\u0631 2005\u060c\u00a0 \u0635. 20\u060c \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 <a href=\"http:\/\/www.ictj.org\/sites\/default\/files\/ICTJ-Morocco-Progress-Report-2005-Arabic.pdf\">www.ictj.org\/sites\/default\/files\/ICTJ-Morocco-Progress-Report-2005-Arabic.pdf<\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_57\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_8075_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_57');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>57<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0635. 119\u060c 218-219.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_58\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_8075_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_58');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>58<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062c\u064a\u060c &#8220;\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0635\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0629: \u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0636\u064a \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a\u061f&#8221;\u060c \u0645\u0648<em>\u0642\u0639 \u0647\u0633\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0633<\/em>\u060c 6 \u0641\u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0631 2016\u060c \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 <a href=\"http:\/\/www.hespress.com\/societe\/293722.html\">www.hespress.com\/societe\/293722.html<\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_59\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_8075_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_59');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>59<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0641\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0627\u0626\u0639: \u2019\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0635\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0629\u2018 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627&#8221;\u060c \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0628\u0642 \u0630\u0643\u0631\u0647\u060c \u0635 5-6.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_60\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_8075_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_60');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>60<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u060c <a href=\"http:\/\/bit.ly\/2tY9NuP\">bit.ly\/2tY9NuP<\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_61\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_8075_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_61');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>61<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Jean-No\u00ebl Ferri\u00e9, Baudouin Dupret, \u201cLa nouvelle architecture constitutionnelle et les trois d\u00e9samor\u00e7ages de la vie politique marocaine\u201d, <em>Confluences<\/em> <em>M\u00e9diterran\u00e9e, <\/em>2011\/3 (N\u00b0 78), p. 29.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_62\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_8075_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_62');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>62<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Nadia Hajji, \u201cMobilisation et d\u00e9mor\u00e7age du mouvement du 20 f\u00e9vrier au Maroc : La th\u00e9orie des cadres \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9preuve d\u2019un contexte autoritaire\u201d, M\u00e9moire pr\u00e9sent\u00e9 comme exigence partielle de la ma\u00eetrise en science politique, Universit\u00e9 du Qu\u00e9bec \u00e0 Montr\u00e9al, F\u00e9vrier 2015, p. 18., <a href=\"http:\/\/www.archipel.uqam.ca\/7331\/1\/M13801.pdf\">www.archipel.uqam.ca\/7331\/1\/M13801.pdf<\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_63\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_8075_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_63');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>63<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0643 20 \u0641\u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062b\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u0632\u0628 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a&#8221; \u0630\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0633\u064a-\u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0648\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0646&#8221; \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_64\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_8075_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_64');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>64<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0633\u0646\u0629 2011 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u062e\u0645\u0633\u0629 \u062f\u0633\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0631: \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 1962\u060c \u0648\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 1970\u060c \u0648\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 1972\u060c \u0648\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 1992\u060c \u0648\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 1996.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_65\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_8075_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_65');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>65<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Jean-No\u00ebl Ferri\u00e9 et Baudouin Dupret, op. cit., p. 30.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_66\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_8075_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_66');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>66<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Hajji, op. cit., p. 42.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_67\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_8075_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_67');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>67<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">ibid., p. 45.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_68\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_8075_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_68');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>68<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0648\u064a\u0643\u0646 \u0641\u0627\u064a\u0632\u0629\u060c &#8221; \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064b\u0627&#8221;\u060c \u0641\u064a: <em>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0627\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/em>\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646\u060c 2012\u060c \u0635 172\u060c 175.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_69\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_8075_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_69');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>69<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0633\u0648\u0646\u064a\u060c&#8221; \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646&#8221;\u060c <em>\u0647\u0633\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0633<\/em>\u060c 3 \u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 2014\u060c \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 <a href=\"http:\/\/www.hespress.com\/writers\/239718.html\">www.hespress.com\/writers\/239718.html<\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_70\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_8075_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_70');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>70<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 <a href=\"http:\/\/www.lmddh.com\">www.lmddh.com<\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_71\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_8075_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_71');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>71<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0646\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0634\u060c <em>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627\u0646 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646: \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646<\/em>\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0646\u0627\u0634\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u060c 2011\u060c \u0635. 31\u060c \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 <a href=\"https:\/\/goo.gl\/Lfxhnt\">goo.gl\/Lfxhnt<\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_72\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_8075_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_72');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>72<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u062a\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0631\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0639\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u062d\u064a \u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627 \u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0648\u064f\u0636\u0639 \u0642\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0633\u064f\u062c\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u0648\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0635\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629. \u0648\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0639 \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0631\u0648 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0635\u0641\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0646 \u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0644\u0647 \u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f \u062d\u0644\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0631\u062e\u0651\u0635 \u0644\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u0641\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646. \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a: \u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0631\u0641\u060c &#8220;\u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0631\u0648.. \u0634\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628&#8221;\u060c 20 \u0646\u0648\u0641\u0645\u0628\u0631 2015\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649\u00a0 <a href=\"https:\/\/goo.gl\/a3eQ8M\">\u00a0goo.gl\/a3eQ8M<\/a> \u0648\u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0644\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a\u060c &#8220;\u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0646\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0648\u060c \u062c\u0648\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0636\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0623\u064a\u0642\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0641\u062e\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631&#8221;\u060c 20 \u0645\u0627\u064a\u0648 2014\u060c \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 <a href=\"http:\/\/www.aljamaa.net\/ar\/2014\/05\/20\/\u0639\u0628\u062f-\u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0646\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0648\u060c-\u062c\u0648\u0647\u0631\u0629-\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0636\u0627\u0644\u060c-\u0648\u0623\u064a\/\">www.aljamaa.net\/ar\/2014\/05\/20\/\u0639\u0628\u062f-\u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0646\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0648\u060c-\u062c\u0648\u0647\u0631\u0629-\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0636\u0627\u0644\u060c-\u0648\u0623\u064a\/<\/a> .<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_8075_1_73\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_8075_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_8075_1_73');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>73<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629: &#8220;\u0644\u0642\u062f \u0639\u0631\u0641\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0636\u0644\u0629 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u062e\u0629 \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0634\u062a\u063a\u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0633\u0648\u064a\u0627 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0643\u0646\u062a \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0642\u064a. \u0643\u0646\u062a \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0641\u062e\u0637\u0648\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0647\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0648\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0645\u0647\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0624\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0648\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629&#8230; \u0646\u0627\u0636\u0644\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0636\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u062a\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u064a \u062a\u0634\u0648\u064a\u0634 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0648\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a \u0636\u064a\u0642.. \u0623\u0645\u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0648\u0646\u062d\u0646 \u0646\u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0628\u0643\u0644 \u0635\u062f\u0642 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0632 \u0628\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0632\u060c \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0646\u0647\u064a \u0628\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0646\u0634\u062a\u063a\u0644 \u0633\u0648\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644\u0647\u0627.&#8221; \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0646\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0646\u0626\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637: <a href=\"http:\/\/www.aljamaa.net\/ar\/document\/74471.shtml\">www.aljamaa.net\/ar\/document\/74471.shtml<\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n <\/tbody> <\/table> <\/div><\/div><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> function footnote_expand_reference_container_8075_1() { jQuery('#footnote_references_container_8075_1').show(); jQuery('#footnote_reference_container_collapse_button_8075_1').text('\u2212'); } function footnote_collapse_reference_container_8075_1() { jQuery('#footnote_references_container_8075_1').hide(); jQuery('#footnote_reference_container_collapse_button_8075_1').text('+'); } function footnote_expand_collapse_reference_container_8075_1() { if (jQuery('#footnote_references_container_8075_1').is(':hidden')) { footnote_expand_reference_container_8075_1(); } else { footnote_collapse_reference_container_8075_1(); } } function footnote_moveToReference_8075_1(p_str_TargetID) { footnote_expand_reference_container_8075_1(); var l_obj_Target = jQuery('#' + p_str_TargetID); if (l_obj_Target.length) { jQuery( 'html, body' ).delay( 0 ); jQuery('html, body').animate({ scrollTop: l_obj_Target.offset().top - window.innerHeight * 0.2 }, 380); } } function footnote_moveToAnchor_8075_1(p_str_TargetID) { footnote_expand_reference_container_8075_1(); var l_obj_Target = jQuery('#' + p_str_TargetID); if (l_obj_Target.length) { jQuery( 'html, body' ).delay( 0 ); jQuery('html, body').animate({ scrollTop: l_obj_Target.offset().top - window.innerHeight * 0.2 }, 380); } }<\/script>","protected":false},"featured_media":8439,"menu_order":0,"template":"","categories":[12],"tags":[13,11],"class_list":["post-8075","publication","type-publication","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-12","tag-13","tag-11"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ari26.arabregionhub.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/publication\/8075","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ari26.arabregionhub.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/publication"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ari26.arabregionhub.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/publication"}],"version-history":[{"count":8,"href":"https:\/\/ari26.arabregionhub.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/publication\/8075\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8769,"href":"https:\/\/ari26.arabregionhub.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/publication\/8075\/revisions\/8769"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ari26.arabregionhub.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/8439"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ari26.arabregionhub.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8075"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ari26.arabregionhub.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8075"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ari26.arabregionhub.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8075"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}