{"id":8073,"date":"2017-09-28T12:00:56","date_gmt":"2017-09-28T10:00:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ari26.arabregionhub.net\/?post_type=publication&#038;p=8073"},"modified":"2020-01-07T15:01:16","modified_gmt":"2020-01-07T14:01:16","slug":"%d9%86%d8%b4%d8%a3%d8%a9-%d9%88%d8%aa%d8%b7%d9%88%d8%b1-%d9%88%d8%aa%d8%ad%d8%af%d9%8a%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ad%d8%b1%d9%83%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ad%d9%82%d9%88%d9%82%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d9%81%d9%8a","status":"publish","type":"publication","link":"https:\/\/ari26.arabregionhub.net\/ar\/publication\/%d9%86%d8%b4%d8%a3%d8%a9-%d9%88%d8%aa%d8%b7%d9%88%d8%b1-%d9%88%d8%aa%d8%ad%d8%af%d9%8a%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ad%d8%b1%d9%83%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ad%d9%82%d9%88%d9%82%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d9%81%d9%8a\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0646\u0634\u0623\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u0646\u0634\u0623\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0639\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0645\u0639 \u0648\u0644\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0646 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0627\u064a\u0648 1977. \u0648\u0648\u0644\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0644 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0628\u0648\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0642\u0644\u0635 \u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0651\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u062c\u064a\u064b\u0627\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0644 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0635\u0627\u0639\u062f\u062a \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0632\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0646\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0623\u0628\u064a\u0636 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1987\u060c \u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0627\u062f\u0639\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0632\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0645\u0631\u0651 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u062f\u062e\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0623\u0633\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0631\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u062d\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0648\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0635\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_8073_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_1');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_8073_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_1');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_1\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">1<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8073_1_1\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0631\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0640 \u0628\u0645\u0630\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u0644\u062d \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0648\u0648\u062f\u0631\u0648 \u0648\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0648\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0635\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0628\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0646\u0635\u0651 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0637\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1789.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_1').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8073_1_1', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0651\u0628\u062a \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0645\u0646\u0630 1956\u060c \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062e\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0648\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0628\u0646\u0651\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0646\u0638\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0628\u0635\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0623\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629&#8221;.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_8073_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_2');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_8073_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_2');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_2\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">2<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8073_1_2\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u0646\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u064a (2016)\u060c &#8220;\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 1814-2014&#8243;\u060c \u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0646\u0648\u0628\u0629. \u0635 220.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_2').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8073_1_2', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u0648\u0634\u0647\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0636\u064a\u064a\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u064b\u0627 \u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u062d\u0632\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0623\u064a. \u0648\u0639\u0631\u0641\u062a \u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639 \u062d\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0633\u0646\u0629 1963 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 1981\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0623\u064f\u0631\u0633\u064a\u062a \u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0632\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u064a\u0645\u0646. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u062a \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0631\u0623\u064a \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0641.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0631 \u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0639\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0632\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u062d\u0631\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u060c \u0643\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0645 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u060c \u0627\u062a\u0633\u0645 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0632\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0635\u0627\u062f\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0642 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0623 \u0647\u064a\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0629 \u0648\u0648\u0632\u0639 \u062c\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0632 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u060c<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_8073_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_3');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_8073_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_3');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_3\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">3<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8073_1_3\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0642 \u0632\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u062c\u0627\u0626\u0632\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a 1993 \u062c\u0631\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u062d\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_3').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8073_1_3', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0636\u064a\u064a\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0628\u064f\u0651\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0632\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0630\u064a\u0628\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0636\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u062c\u0646\u0647\u0645. \u0648\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0636\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0637\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a \u0628\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u063a\u0644\u0628 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 1959.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0628\u0639\u062f 14 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0631 2011\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062f\u062e\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0646\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d \u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a. \u0648\u0627\u0646\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062d\u0643\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0623\u0642\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0646\u0634\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0643 \u0628\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u062d \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0647\u064a\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0644 \u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d \u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a \u0628\u0631\u0645\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0639\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0636\u0629 2011\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u062f\u0649 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u0628\u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0651\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0636\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646. \u0641\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 (\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0623\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0630\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u060c \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0651\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0639\u062f 2011 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u0623\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0630\u064a\u0628 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u062f \u062a\u062e\u0635\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u062a \u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645.<\/p>\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u060c \u0641\u0631\u0636 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636\u0629 \u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u062d\u0632\u0627\u0628 \u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0647\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649. \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627 \u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u062d\u0632\u0627\u0628\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0648\u0627 \u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u062d\u062c\u0629 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0641\u062a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0631\u0641\u0636\u0648\u0627 \u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062c \u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 2014.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_8073_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_4');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_8073_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_4');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_4\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">4<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8073_1_4\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c&#8221;\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0632\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0633\u0627\u062a&#8221;\u060c 14 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648 2012\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637 <a href=\"https:\/\/goo.gl\/nwV2Ut\">goo.gl\/nwV2Ut<\/a><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_4').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8073_1_4', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0648\u062c\u062f\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0635\u062f\u064b\u0649 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633\u064a \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062f\u0627\u0641\u0639 \u0646\u0648\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0636\u0629\u060c \u0639\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0648\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0627 \u0628\u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062c \u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0633\u0627\u062a. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0628\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a (\u0645\u0641\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649) \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0648\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0628\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0633 \u0648\u062d\u0630\u0641 \u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u062a\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u0633\u0647\u064a\u0644 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646&#8221; \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_8073_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_5');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_8073_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_5');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_5\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">5<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8073_1_5\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u0631\u062c\u0628 \u0628\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f\u060c &#8220;\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u062c\u0631\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u064a\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0633\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062f: \u0623\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633 \u0648\u0634\u064a\u0648\u062e\u0647\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u062a\u0641\u0636\u0648\u0646 \u0631\u0641\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f&#8221;\u060c \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0625\u064a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u060c 26 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0631 2014\u060c <a href=\"http:\/\/elaph.com\/Web\/news\/2014\/1\/870892.html\">elaph.com\/Web\/news\/2014\/1\/870892.html<\/a><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_5').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8073_1_5', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0633\u0623\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0647\u0627\u0628 \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0623\u062b\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0645\u062c\u062f\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u062f\u0644 \u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a \u0648\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0642\u0627\u0642.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0633\u0646\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a\u060c \u0628\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0646\u0634\u0623\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0639\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0639\u0631\u0641\u062a \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0645\u062d\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0628\u0631\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0647\u062f \u0628\u0648\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0648\u064a \u0648\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0631\u0649 \u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0636\u0629 2011.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064b\u0627: \u0646\u0634\u0623\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0644 \u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0628\u0648\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0628\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649:1977-1987)<\/h2>\n<p>\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0651\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0646 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0623\u0633\u0633\u062a \u0633\u0646\u0629 1976 &#8220;\u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0646&#8221;.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_8073_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_6');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_8073_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_6');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_6\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">6<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8073_1_6\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0632\u0648\u0642\u064a\u060c 1997\u060c &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633&#8221;\u060c \u0641\u064a &#8220;\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646&#8221;\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629: \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0635 149.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_6').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8073_1_6', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u0648\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0632\u0648\u0642\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0642\u0628\u0644\u062a\u060c \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0637\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0646\u0634\u0623\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 &#8220;\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0647 \u0622\u0646\u0630\u0627\u0643 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a \u062c\u064a\u0645\u064a) \u0643\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062c\u0639\u0644\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0631 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633 \u0628\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u062b\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a &#8230; (\u062d\u064a\u062b \u0643\u0627\u0646) \u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0638\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0636\u0631\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636 \u064a\u0643\u0633\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645.&#8221; <span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_8073_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_7');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_8073_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_7');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_7\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">7<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8073_1_7\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0635 150.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_7').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8073_1_7', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> <\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0642\u0627\u0645\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0644\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645\u060c<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_8073_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_8');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_8073_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_8');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_8\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">8<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8073_1_8\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633 \u0627\u0633\u0645\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0646\u0629 1964 \u062b\u0645 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0641\u064a 1988\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u0627\u0633\u0629\u060c \u0644\u064a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_8').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8073_1_8', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0645\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1964\u060c \u0628\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0637\u0644\u0628 \u062a\u0631\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0646 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0648\u0645 22 \u0645\u0627\u064a\u0648 1976. \u0648\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0633\u0643\u0648\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0631\u0641\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0636\u0645\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0642\u0627\u0645\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0625\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b &#8220;\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a&#8221; \u0628\u0631\u0626\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0628 \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0632\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642. \u0648\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0642\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0639\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0623\u0631\u0633\u0644\u062a \u0628\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0636\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u062e\u0645\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0626\u0629 \u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u062d \u0628\u0627\u0646\u0639\u0642\u0627\u062f \u0646\u062f\u0648\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646. \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u060c \u0641\u0642\u0627\u0645\u062a \u0628\u062d\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0645 \u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0644\u0645\u0633 \u0648\u0632\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0647\u0631 \u0628\u0644\u062e\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0623\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0648\u0627\u0634\u0646\u0637\u0646 \u0622\u0646\u0630\u0627\u0643. \u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636\u0629\u060c \u0642\u0631\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0636\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0646 22 \u0639\u0636\u0648\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0633\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_8073_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_9');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_8073_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_9');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_9\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">9<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8073_1_9\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Souheyr Belhassen (2004), \u201cLa LTDH ou la Gestion du Paradoxe\u201d, <em>Confluences<\/em> M\u00e9diterran\u00e9e, No. 51, pp.105-6.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_9').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8073_1_9', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script><\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u062c\u0645\u0639\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u0644 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0633\u0648\u064a\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0634\u0643\u0644\u062a \u0642\u0637\u0628 \u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645\/\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649. \u0648\u0635\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u062d\u0644\u062a\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f \u0645\u0627\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0644 \u0623\u062d\u0632\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0638\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_8073_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_10');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_8073_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_10');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_10\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">10<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8073_1_10\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Larbi Chouikha and Eric Gobe, (2009), \u201cLes Organization de Defense des Droits de l\u2019Hommedans la Formule Politque Tunisienne : Acteurs de l\u2019Opposition ou Faire Valoir du R\u00e9gime ?\u201d, <em>L;Ann\u00e9e<\/em> <em>du<\/em> <em>Maghreb,<\/em> Dossier: S\u2019opposer au Maghreb, p. 165.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_10').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8073_1_10', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u0648\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0627\u062f\u0639\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u064a\u062d\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0646 &#8220;\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0643\u0633\u0628 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0635\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0632 \u0636\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0647&#8230; \u0641\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0623\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0643\u0644 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u062c\u0632\u0623. \u0648\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0643\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u062a\u0643\u0627\u062a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0648\u062f \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0628\u0626\u0629 \u0643\u0644 \u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0647&#8230; \u0644\u0630\u0627 \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0651\u0631\u0629.&#8221;<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_8073_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_11');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_8073_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_11');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_11\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">11<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8073_1_11\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0633\u0639\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0631\u0644\u064a \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a &#8220;\u0648\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 &#8211; \u0646\u0632\u0644 \u0627\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0631\u060c \u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u060c \u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a 23 \u064824 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 1985&#8243;\u060c \u06352.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_11').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8073_1_11', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u0648\u0647\u0643\u0630\u0627 \u062c\u0645\u0639\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0628\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0646\u060c \u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0646\u062a\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062d\u0632\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u063a\u0644\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062d\u0638\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0646\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0636\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0638\u0648\u0631<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_8073_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_12');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_8073_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_12');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_12\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">12<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8073_1_12\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u0623\u0633\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0633\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0641\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649. \u0648\u0627\u0646\u0634\u0642\u062a \u0646\u062e\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1937 \u0644\u062a\u0624\u0633\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a. \u0648\u062d\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u062a\u0647 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1963 \u0648\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0639\u062f\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a\u0647. \u0648\u0631\u064f\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0638\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1981. \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_12').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8073_1_12', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u0648\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a\u064a\u0646.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_8073_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_13');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_8073_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_13');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_13\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">13<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8073_1_13\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u062a\u0623\u0633\u0633\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0639\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0643\u062c\u0646\u0627\u062d \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0628. \u0648\u0634\u0645\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u063a\u0645 \u0648\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0628 \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062c\u064a \u0642\u0627\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0633\u064a. \u0648\u0644\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0634\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u062d\u0632\u0628 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1981\u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0633\u0645\u062d \u0628\u0648\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u064a\u0629. \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: \u0641\u0627\u064a\u0632 \u0633\u0627\u0631\u0629 (1986)\u060c &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0632\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633 1932-1984&#8243;\u060c \u062f\u0645\u0634\u0642: \u0641\u0627\u064a\u0632 \u0633\u0627\u0631\u0629. \u0635 10.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_13').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8073_1_13', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script><\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0634\u0647\u062f\u062a \u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0639\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633 \u0641\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_8073_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_14');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_8073_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_14');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_14\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">14<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8073_1_14\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0622\u0646\u0630\u0627\u0643 \u0622\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0644\u0629. \u0648\u062a\u0623\u0633\u0633\u062a \u0622\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u064a\u062f \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0633\u0627\u062a\u0630\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0636\u0645\u062a \u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0633\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u0639\u062b\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0623\u062f\u064a \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064a\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0630\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0641\u0643\u0643 \u0622\u0641\u0627\u0642. \u0648\u0623\u0633\u0633 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0622\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0648\u064a \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0641\u064a \u0648\u062e\u0645\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u0627 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0633\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0646\u064a \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u062f\u0645 \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u062e\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u064a\u0646 (\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u062f). \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a: \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u064a (2016)\u060c &#8220;\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0632\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0642\u064a\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 (1987- 2002)&#8221;\u060c \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633: \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_14').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8073_1_14', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0623\u0633\u0633\u062a \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0635\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0636\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0630 1988.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_8073_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_15');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_8073_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_15');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_15\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">15<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8073_1_15\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Hermassi Elbaki (1989), \u201cL\u2019Etat tunisien et les islamistes\u201d, <em>Annuaie<\/em> <em>de<\/em> <em>l\u2019Afrique<\/em> <em>du<\/em> <em>Nord,<\/em> Tome XXVIII, pp. 298-308.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_15').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8073_1_15', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u0648\u0627\u0646\u062e\u0631\u0637 \u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1982 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0631\u0634\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0646\u062a\u0645\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0644\u062a \u0639\u0646 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0633\u0646\u0629 1981 \u0631\u0641\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0631\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0648\u062f\u0639\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_8073_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_16');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_8073_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_16');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_16\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">16<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8073_1_16\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: \u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0631\u0634\u064a (2015)\u060c &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0648\u0646&#8221;\u060c \u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_16').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8073_1_16', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0641\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1985 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0633\u062d\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0647\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0636\u0644\u0648\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1981.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_8073_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_17');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_8073_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_17');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_17\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">17<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8073_1_17\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u0647\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0647\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0636\u0644\u064a \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1981 \u0625\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0646\u062e\u0631\u0637 \u0628\u0641\u0631\u0639 \u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0641\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1982 \u062b\u0645 \u0627\u0646\u0636\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0646 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0641\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062c\u0648\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0648\u062f\u062a\u0647 \u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1984 \u062b\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a. \u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0647\u0631\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062c\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1995 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0647\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_17').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8073_1_17', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u0648\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0646\u0634\u0623\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0633\u0648\u0649 \u0631\u0624\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_8073_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_18');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_8073_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_18');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_18\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">18<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8073_1_18\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u0631\u0624\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0623\u0629: 1977-1989: \u0633\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0631\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u064a \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a\u064a\u0646 &#8211; 1989-1989: \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0641\u064a\u060c \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0622\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 &#8211;\u00a01989-1994: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0632\u0648\u0642\u064a (\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0631\u064a) &#8211; 1994-2000: \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0642 \u0628\u0648\u062f\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0629 (\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0631\u064a) &#8211; 2000-2011: \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0641\u064a (\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0631\u064a) -2011-2016: \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0633\u0649 (\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0631\u064a) -\u0645\u0646\u0630 2016 : \u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645 (\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644)<br \/>\n<br \/><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_18').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8073_1_18', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062b\u0645\u0646\u0627 \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0636\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0628\u0647 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0633\u0646\u0631\u0649 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f.<\/p>\n<p>\u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0633\u0623\u0644\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0648\u0631\u0641\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u062a \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0641\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0633\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 &#8220;\u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0645\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0631\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062f\u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u064a \u0648\u0625\u0642\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0629&#8221;\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627 \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062f\u0631\u0643 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0628\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0644 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0635\u0641\u0648\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628\u0647\u0627.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_8073_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_19');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_8073_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_19');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_19\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">19<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8073_1_19\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0631\u0634\u064a\u060c&#8221;\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629: \u0648\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0635\u0639\u0628 &#8230; \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062d\u064a\u0644\u064b\u0627&#8221;\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0646\u062a\u060c 10 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648 2010\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<a href=\"goo.gl\/1aJZZc\">goo.gl\/1aJZZc<\/a><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_19').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8073_1_19', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script><\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0633\u0639\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0623\u0643\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u062a\u0628\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0643\u062f\u0647 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0633\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0631\u0644\u064a \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 &#8220;\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0641 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0632\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062e\u0631\u0627\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a&#8221;<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_8073_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_20');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_8073_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_20');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_20\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">20<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8073_1_20\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0646 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u060c (1985)\u060c &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0628\u0646\u0632\u0644 \u0623\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a23 \u064824 \u00a0\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 1985&#8243;\u060c \u0635 12.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_20').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8073_1_20', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0639\u0636\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0643\u0644 \u0634\u062e\u0635 \u064a\u0624\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0646 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0624\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u060c \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0644\u0648 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0636\u0648\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645. \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0634\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0623\u062f\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629. \u0648\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0634\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u062d\u0632\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0635\u0641\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0646 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a. \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0634\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u062c\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0645\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639 \u0642\u0641\u0635\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0641\u0631\u0639 \u0633\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0628\u0648\u0632\u064a\u062f.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_8073_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_21');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_8073_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_21');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_21\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">21<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8073_1_21\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">&#8220;\u0644\u0627\u0626\u062d\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0636\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629&#8221; (1985)\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0646 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u060c 1985\u060c \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0631\u060c \u0635 47.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_21').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8073_1_21', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script><\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0646 25 \u0639\u0636\u0648\u064b\u0627 \u062a\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0628\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_8073_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_22');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_8073_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_22');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_22\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">22<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8073_1_22\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0646 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u060c (1985)\u060c &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a&#8221;\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 13.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_22').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8073_1_22', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u0648\u064a\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0645 \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0642\u0644 \u0639\u062f\u062f\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0646 \u062e\u0645\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0636\u0648\u064b\u0627.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_8073_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_23');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_8073_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_23');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_23\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">23<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8073_1_23\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0646 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u060c (1985)\u060c &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a&#8221;\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_23').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8073_1_23', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u0648\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u063a\u0637\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643 24 \u0641\u0631\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0646\u0629 1982\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0643\u0644 \u0641\u0631\u0639 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_8073_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_24');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_8073_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_24');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_24\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">24<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8073_1_24\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0646 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 (1985)\u060c &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a&#8221;\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0639.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_24').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8073_1_24', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script><\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u062a\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0631\u0648\u0627\u0641\u062f \u0645\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0641\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u064a\u0645 \u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629&#8221;\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0635 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_8073_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_25');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_8073_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_25');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_25\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">25<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8073_1_25\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u062f\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u062b\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0646 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_25').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8073_1_25', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0648\u0631\u062f\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0641\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u064a\u062b\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1985. \u0648\u062a\u0645\u062a \u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062b\u0627\u0642 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0634\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062d\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0651\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629. \u0648\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629\u060c \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0648\u0636\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u064a\u062b\u0627\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1985\u060c \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0622\u0645\u0646\u062a \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0645\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0634\u0645\u0644\u062a \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 &#8220;\u0643\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u062c\u0632\u0623&#8221;\u060c \u0641\u062c\u0639\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0646 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u062f\u0641\u0647\u0627 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u201d.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_8073_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_26');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_8073_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_26');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_26\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">26<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8073_1_26\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0646 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 (1985)\u060c &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a&#8221;\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_26').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8073_1_26', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u0648\u0646\u0635 \u0645\u064a\u062b\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 1985 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0646\u0627\u062f\u062a \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0633\u0631\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0641\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645. \u0648\u0634\u0643\u0651\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0630\u064a\u0628 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0646\u0627\u0636\u0644\u062a \u0636\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0646 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0630\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u064a\u0646 (\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a).<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0646\u0638\u0651\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1980 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0634\u0639\u0627\u0631 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0641\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645&#8221; \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0634\u0643\u0651\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0641\u0648 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u062a\u0626\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0628\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0641\u0648 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0647. \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0641\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0644\u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0639 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u063a\u0644\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062e\u0648\u0651\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u063a\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f. \u0648\u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0647\u062f\u064a \u0628\u0648\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0628. \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0633\u0631\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0628\u0645\u0642\u062a\u0636\u0649 \u0639\u0641\u0648 \u0631\u0626\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0633\u0631\u0627\u062d \u0634\u0631\u0637\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u0641\u0648 \u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u064a \u062e\u0627\u0635. \u0648\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0641\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629 2011 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u062a\u062e\u0630\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0646\u0648\u0634\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0642\u062a\u0629. \u0648\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0641\u0648 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0628\u0644 2011.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0639\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u062d\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0637\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631 \u0648\u0639\u0646 \u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0623\u062d\u0632\u0627\u0628\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0636\u064a\u064a\u0642. \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062f\u0627\u0641\u0639\u062a \u0639\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0631 \u0648\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0646\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0627\u0641\u0639\u062a \u0639\u0646 \u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0646\u0627\u0647\u0636\u062a \u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a. \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u0635\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0646\u0634\u0623\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0642\u0627\u0645\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0635\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0648\u0642\u0639\u062a \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0634\u063a\u0644 \u0641\u064a 26 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0631 1978 \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0646\u062a\u064a 1978 \u06481979\u060c<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_8073_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_27');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_8073_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_27');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_27\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">27<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8073_1_27\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u0641\u064a 26 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0631 1978 (\u0648\u064a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0645\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0648\u062f) \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0634\u063a\u0644 \u0625\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0631\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0639\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u0642\u0645\u0639\u062a \u0642\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0642\u0633\u0648\u0629 \u0648\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0645\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062a\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u062d\u0649. \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u063a\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0646\u0623\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u0628\u0639\u064a\u062f\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0639\u0627\u0634\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0628.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_27').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8073_1_27', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0641\u0635\u0629 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1980\u060c<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_8073_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_28');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_8073_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_28');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_28\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">28<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8073_1_28\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u0641\u064a \u0644\u064a\u0644\u0629 26 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0631 1980\u060c \u0642\u0627\u0645 60 \u0645\u0633\u0644\u062d\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u062a\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u064a\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0630\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0627 \u0628\u0645\u0647\u0627\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0632 \u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0642\u0641\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a \u0648\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0631\u062f. \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0621\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0642\u062a\u0644 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0645\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629. \u0648\u0646\u064f\u0641\u0630 \u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a 18 \u0634\u062e\u0635\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a 17 \u0625\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0644 1980.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_28').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8073_1_28', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u0648\u0645\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0632 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1984\u060c<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_8073_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_29');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_8073_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_29');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_29\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">29<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8073_1_29\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u0641\u064a \u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0631 1984 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0645\u062a \u0627\u062d\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0634\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u062d\u064a\u0646. \u0648\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0626 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0631 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0623\u064f\u062d\u0631\u0642\u062a \u062d\u0627\u0641\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0622\u062a \u0648\u0648\u0642\u0639\u062a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0633\u0642\u0637 \u0642\u062a\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062c\u0631\u062d\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0639\u062f\u0629. \u0648\u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0647\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0639 \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0648\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_29').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8073_1_29', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0630\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062c\u0648\u0646.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0645\u062b\u0644\u062a \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0623\u0629 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0634\u0648\u0627\u063a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u062a \u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0648\u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u064b\u0627 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0624\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0623\u0629. \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0646\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a \u0633\u0646\u0629 1985 \u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0623\u0629. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u064a\u062b\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 &#8220;\u0645\u0643\u0633\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0647\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u062a\u062f\u0639\u064a\u0645 \u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0623\u0629.&#8221;<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_8073_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_30');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_8073_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_30');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_30\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">30<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8073_1_30\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u060c 1985\u060c &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062b\u0627\u0642&#8221;\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0645\u0646\u0629.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_30').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8073_1_30', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script><\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0646 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0637\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a \u0648\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0633\u0627\u0646\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0636\u0627\u0645\u0646\u062a \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u062d\u0642 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0638\u0645\u062a \u062d\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0636\u0627\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0636\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a 1982.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u064a\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0632\u0648\u0642\u064a \u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u062a\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0644\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0636\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0651\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0626\u064a \u0628\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 &#8220;\u0636\u0639\u0641 \u062b\u0645 \u0627\u0646\u0647\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0632\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636\u0629 \u0648\u0636\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0645\u0644\u062c\u0623 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0643\u0642\u0644\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0639 \u0639\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0637\u0627\u0639\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0639\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0639 \u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062e\u0633\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0647\u0631\u064e\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0628\u0648\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629.&#8221;<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_8073_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_31');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_8073_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_31');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_31\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">31<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8073_1_31\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0632\u0648\u0642\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0635 151.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_31').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8073_1_31', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script><\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u064a\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0632\u0648\u0642\u064a \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647 \u0625\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u0651\u062a \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062e\u0635 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649. \u0641\u0641\u064a \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0641 \u064a\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0628 \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0648 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0639\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0628\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0646\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0632\u0648\u0642\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0641\u0647 \u0644\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629: &#8220;\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0641 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u0647.&#8221;<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_8073_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_32');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_8073_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_32');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_32\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">32<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8073_1_32\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0635 155.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_32').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8073_1_32', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u0648\u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0641\u062a\u0642\u0631 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0623\u063a\u0644\u0628 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0644\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u0647 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0639\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u062e\u0644\u064a\u0637\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0623\u062f\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u064a\u062b\u0627\u0642 \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0648\u0649 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1985 \u0623\u064a \u0628\u0639\u062f \u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0634\u0623\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u062f\u064a\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0645\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u0632\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0648\u062f \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0648\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062c\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0623\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0642\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0646\u064a. \u0648\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062b\u0627\u0642 \u0628\u0635\u064a\u063a\u0629 \u0623\u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0642\u0631\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u062a\u0631\u0643 &#8220;\u0634\u0631\u0648\u062e\u064b\u0627 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u062c\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629&#8221;. <span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_8073_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_33');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_8073_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_33');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_33\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">33<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8073_1_33\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0635 152-3.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_33').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8073_1_33', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u0648\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062d\u0644 \u062a\u0628\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u062d\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062c\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062b\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0636\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u063a\u0632\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0648\u064a\u062a \u0641\u064a 1990.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0634\u0643\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0646 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0648\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0639\u062a \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u0645\u064a\u0632\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062a\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0639 \u0639\u0646 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0628\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0634\u063a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0639 \u0639\u0646 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062c\u0633\u062f \u0646\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629.<\/p>\n<h2>\u00a0\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u064b: \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0644 \u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u064a (1987-2011)<\/h2>\n<p>\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0646\u0648\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u062a\u062c\u0633\u062f \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0632\u0627\u0628 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1988 \u0648\u0625\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062b\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0641\u0648 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u064a\u0646. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0635\u062f\u0631\u062a \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0639\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062e\u0637\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u064a.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_8073_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_34');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_8073_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_34');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_34\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">34<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8073_1_34\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u062e\u0637\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e 9 \u062f\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631 1989 \u06487 \u0646\u0648\u0641\u0645\u0628\u0631 1992\u060c &#8220;\u062e\u0637\u0628 \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0632\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u064a&#8221;\u060c \u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u060c \u0646\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a 1989 \u06481992.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_34').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8073_1_34', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u0648\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_8073_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_35');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_8073_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_35');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_35\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">35<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8073_1_35\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u062a\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0630\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0641\u0638\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0642\u062a\u0636\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 79 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0631\u062e 11 \u064a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0648 1988.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_35').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8073_1_35', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0623\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0631 1991 \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644 \u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a \u064a\u064f\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0628\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_8073_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_36');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_8073_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_36');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_36\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">36<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8073_1_36\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 54 \u0641\u064a 7 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0631 1991 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a \u0639\u062f\u062f 3 \u060c 11 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0631 1991\u060c \u0635 43. \u0648\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_36').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8073_1_36', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u0648\u0641\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0631\u0626\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u062f\u0639\u0645\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0623\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u062f\u064a\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_8073_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_37');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_8073_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_37');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_37\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">37<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8073_1_37\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062f (1996)\u060c &#8220;\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a&#8221;\u060c \u0645\u0630\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0645\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633: \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0635 57.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_37').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8073_1_37', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u0648\u064a\u0646\u0633\u0642 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0639 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0624\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0623\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_8073_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_38');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_8073_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_38');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_38\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">38<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8073_1_38\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0624\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_38').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8073_1_38', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u0648\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0647\u0645\u0632\u0629 \u0648\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u062a\u0644\u0642\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0648\u0649 \u0648\u062a\u062c\u064a\u0628 \u0639\u0646\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0636 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u064a\u0651\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a. \u0648\u0623\u0636\u064a\u0641\u062a \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 &#8220;\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646&#8221; \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646. \u0648\u0623\u064f\u062f\u0631\u062c\u062a \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635\u060c \u0648\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u062a \u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0636\u0627\u0641\u062a \u0639\u062f\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0634\u064a\u0626\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u0634\u064a\u0626\u064b\u0627. \u0625\u0630 \u062a\u0645\u0651 \u0625\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u063a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u0651\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0642\u062a\u0636\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u062f 3 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0631\u062e \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0631 1989. \u0648\u0623\u0636\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 101 \u0645\u0643\u0631\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0642\u062a\u0636\u0649 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u062f 89 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0631\u062e \u0641\u064a \u0623\u063a\u0633\u0637\u0633 1999 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0642\u0631\u0651 \u062c\u0631\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0630\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u064a\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0634\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0631\u062f \u0628\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0630\u064a\u0628.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u064a\u0646\u062f\u0631\u062c \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0628\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0635 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0645 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_8073_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_39');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_8073_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_39');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_39\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">39<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8073_1_39\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Khiari Sadri et Olfa Lamloum, \u201cTunisie : des elections en trompe-l\u2019oeil\u201d, <em>Politique<\/em> <em>Africaine<\/em> 1999\/4, n\u00b0 76 p. 106-15.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_39').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8073_1_39', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642\u060c \u0633\u0639\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0636\u0644\u064a \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u063a\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0633\u0645\u062d \u0628\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>1- \u0646\u0634\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u0629<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u060c \u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0639\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0639\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0628\u062f\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0641\u062a\u062d\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0647\u062f\u0647\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0634\u064a\u0626\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u0634\u064a\u0626\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0641\u062a\u0645\u0651 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u062a\u0639\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0641\u064a\u060c \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0646 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1989. \u0648\u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0639\u0636\u0648\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u064f\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0628\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u062c\u0646\u0651\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0639\u0627\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0639\u0642\u0628 \u0634\u0647\u0631 \u0639\u0633\u0644 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062f\u0645 \u0633\u0648\u0649 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0641\u062c\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0645\u062a \u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0625\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1991. \u0648\u0647\u0643\u0630\u0627\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0634\u063a\u0644\u060c \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u062f \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a \u062a\u0624\u0631\u0642 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0633\u0648\u0649 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0626\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0641\u0639\u0645\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0633\u0646\u0629 1992\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u0647\u060c \u0628\u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0633\u0647\u0644 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u062c\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 1992 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0628\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_8073_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_40');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_8073_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_40');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_40\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">40<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8073_1_40\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0639\u062f\u062f 25 \u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 1992 \u0645\u0624\u0631\u062e 2 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0644 1992 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0625\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u062f 154 \u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 1959 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0631\u062e \u0641\u064a 7 \u0646\u0648\u0641\u0645\u0628\u0631 1959 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0635 411.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_40').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8073_1_40', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u0648\u0623\u0636\u064a\u0641\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0641\u0642\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0635 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647 &#8220;\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0628\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0631\u0627\u0637 \u0623\u064a \u0634\u062e\u0635 \u064a\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0645 \u0628\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u0627\u0642\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0644\u0647 \u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0649 \u0648\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629&#8221;. \u0648\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0648\u0642\u0639 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062d\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062e\u0631\u0627\u0637\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062e\u0631\u0627\u0637 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0631\u0641\u0639 \u062f\u0639\u0648\u0649 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646 \u0628\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0642\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0623\u0635\u062f\u0631\u062a \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0641\u064a 14 \u0645\u0627\u064a\u0648 1992\u060c \u064a\u0642\u0636\u064a \u0628\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0646 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0643\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0635\u0628\u063a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0641\u064f\u0631\u0636 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0636\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u064a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0647 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0631\u0627\u0637 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0642\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u0641\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0639\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0632\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0647. \u0648\u0623\u0635\u062f\u0631\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u062d\u0643\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0625\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0621 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0649\u060c \u0641\u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0628\u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0631\u0637\u064a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a. \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0636\u064a\u064a\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0631\u0642\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631 1994 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0642\u062f \u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0633\u0646\u0629 2000 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0623\u0644\u063a\u064a \u0628\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0642\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a. \u0648\u0628\u062f\u0623\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0639\u0645\u062f \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0633\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645\u060c \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0641\u0648\u0632\u0648\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0641\u0639 \u062f\u0639\u0648\u0649 \u0637\u0639\u0646 \u0642\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0651\u0627 \u0623\u062f\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u062f \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0648\u0636\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0662\u0667 \u0646\u0648\u0641\u0645\u0628\u0631 2001. \u0648\u0645\u064f\u0646\u0639\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0642\u062f \u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0633 \u0648\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0644\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064a 2000 \u06482009.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_8073_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_41');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_8073_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_41');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_41\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">41<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8073_1_41\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0646 \u0631\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0646\u060c 2011\u060c &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0646 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646&#8221;\u060c \u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645\u064a\u060c \u063520.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_41').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8073_1_41', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script><\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0632\u0627\u062f\u062a \u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a \u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u062d\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062c\u0645\u064a (2008)\u060c \u0641\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0646 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u0646\u0635\u0627\u0641\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062e.) \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0621\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0639\u0645\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0636\u064a\u064a\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0631\u0651\u0643\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633. \u0641\u062a\u0645\u0651\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0639 \u062c\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0632\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0648\u0641\u0645\u0628\u0631 2009 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0644\u0648\u0641\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0632\u0644\u0647. \u0648\u062a\u0645\u062a \u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0641\u062f \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0639\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0646\u0634\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u0636\u062d\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_8073_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_42');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_8073_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_42');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_42\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">42<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8073_1_42\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0646 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u060c &#8220;\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646: \u062d\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u062f\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0629&#8221;\u060c17 \u0646\u0648\u0641\u0645\u0628\u0631 2009\u060c \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u00a0 <a href=\"http:\/\/www.anhri.net\/tunisia\/ltdh\/2009\/pr1117.shtml\">www.anhri.net\/tunisia\/ltdh\/2009\/pr1117.shtml<\/a><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_42').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8073_1_42', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script><\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0633\u0631\u0642 \u0645\u062c\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0643\u0627\u062a\u0628 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u0642\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u0646\u0629 2010 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0633\u064f\u0631\u0642\u062a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0632\u0646 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062b\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_8073_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_43');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_8073_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_43');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_43\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">43<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8073_1_43\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0646 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u060c &#8220;\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646: \u0645\u0642\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0642\u0629&#8221;\u060c 8 \u0641\u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0631 2010\u060c \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646<a href=\"http:\/\/www.anhri.net\/tunisia\/ltdh\/2010\/pr0208.shtm\">www.anhri.net\/tunisia\/ltdh\/2010\/pr0208.shtm<\/a><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_43').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8073_1_43', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u0648\u0634\u0646\u062a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0641\u060c \u0628\u0625\u064a\u0639\u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062d\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u0648\u064a\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0639\u0645\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0636\u064a\u064a\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0644\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062a \u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0628\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0636\u064a\u0642\u062a \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0633\u0646\u0649 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062c\u0645\u062f \u0623\u0631\u0635\u062f\u0629 \u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627. \u0641\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u062a\u0645\u0651\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0645\u0646\u062d\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u0642\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u062a\u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u0625\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062f \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a \u0648\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0639.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_8073_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_44');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_8073_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_44');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_44\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">44<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8073_1_44\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0646 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u060c 2003\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u060c <a href=\"http:\/\/anhri.net\/tunisia\/ltdh\/pr040000.shtml\">anhri.net\/tunisia\/ltdh\/pr040000.shtml<\/a><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_44').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8073_1_44', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u0648\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u062a\u0634\u0648\u064a\u0647 \u0633\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a. \u0641\u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0628\u062d\u0636\u0648\u0631 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0645 \u0628\u062b\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0633\u0646\u0629 2009\u060c \u0637\u0639\u0646 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0636\u0644\u064a \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u0634\u0648\u064a\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0645.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_8073_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_45');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_8073_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_45');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_45\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">45<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8073_1_45\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f \u0641\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0648 \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a <a href=\"goo.gl\/mYyF8G\">goo.gl\/mYyF8G<\/a><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_45').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8073_1_45', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script><\/p>\n<p><strong><em>2- \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u062a\u0646\u0636\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0636\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0645\u0639 \u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0627\u062e\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0631\u0628\u0637\u062a \u0646\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0636\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0623\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0631 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0646\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0646\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0648\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0624 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0635 \u0634\u0631\u0637\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0641\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_8073_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_46');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_8073_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_46');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_46\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">46<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8073_1_46\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a femmesdemocrates.org.tn\/ar\/ \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0621 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0633 \u0628\u0648\u0643 \u0648\u0647\u064a\u00a0 <a href=\"http:\/\/www.facebook.com\/femmesdemocrates\">www.facebook.com\/femmesdemocrates<\/a><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_46').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8073_1_46', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script><\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u062a\u0623\u0633\u0633\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 1989 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u064a\u062f \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0623\u0629). \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0647\u0624\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0627\u062f\u064a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0623\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0647\u0631 \u062d\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0633\u0646\u0629 1978 \u0648\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0623\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0634\u063a\u0644 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1982. \u0648\u0623\u0635\u062f\u0631\u062a \u0647\u0624\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 &#8220;\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621&#8221; \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0628\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1983. \u0648\u0646\u0634\u0637\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0650\u0651\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0623\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0646 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0630 1985. \u0648\u062a\u0646\u062a\u0645\u064a \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0646\u062a\u0645\u064a \u0623\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0648\u0639\u064a. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062d\u0631\u0635\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0628\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0643\u062f\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_8073_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_47');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_8073_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_47');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_47\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">47<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8073_1_47\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0633\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e 27 \u062f\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631 2016.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_47').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8073_1_47', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u0648\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u0646\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0647\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0647\u0646 \u0631\u0635\u064a\u062f \u0646\u0636\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629. \u0648\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0636\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0641\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a. \u0648\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 &#8220;\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0648\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u0636\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0637 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u0646\u0633\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u064a \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0645\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629.&#8221; \u0648\u0634\u0645\u0644\u062a \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0648\u0627\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u062b \u0648\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0623\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062b\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u062c\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0632\u0648\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0645\u0627 \u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u0638\u0648\u0631\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0644\u0647\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u0629. \u0648\u0623\u0633\u0633\u062a \u0647\u0624\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0641\u064a \u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0631 1989 \u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0636\u0645\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0651\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0623\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_8073_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_48');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_8073_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_48');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_48\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">48<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8073_1_48\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629: \u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.afturd-tunisie.org\/a-propos\/\">www.afturd-tunisie.org\/a-propos\/<\/a><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_48').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8073_1_48', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script><\/p>\n<p>\u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0631\u0635\u062f \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u0623\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0630\u064a\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0646\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0648\u062a\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u0639 \u0636\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0639\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0631\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0638\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0636\u064a\u064a\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0646 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0628\u062f\u0623\u062a \u062a\u062a\u0623\u0633\u0633 \u062a\u0628\u0627\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0631\u0635\u062f \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0636\u064a\u064a\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u062a\u0623\u0633\u0633 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1998 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0628\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0646\u0627\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0632\u0648\u0642\u064a \u0648\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0641\u0649 \u0628\u0646 \u062c\u0639\u0641\u0631 \u0648\u0633\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0646 \u0633\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0646. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0633\u0633\u062a \u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0632\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0632\u0639\u064a\u0645 \u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a \u062d\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0633\u0646\u0629 2003 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0630\u064a\u0628. \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0633\u0633\u0648\u0627 \u0633\u0646\u0629 2001 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0628\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0636\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0633\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u062f\u064a\u0644\u0648. \u0648\u0623\u0633\u0633 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0646\u0627\u0634\u0637\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u0646\u0635\u0627\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2009 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0647\u062c\u0631\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u0627.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0628\u062a\u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u062d\u060c \u0634\u0647\u062f\u062a \u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0632 \u062a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646. \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u063a\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u062e\u0630 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0635\u0631\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u062c\u0627\u0621\u062a \u0646\u0634\u0623\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0641\u064a 1989 \u0628\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0639\u0642\u062f\u062a \u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0628\u0631\u0635 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1983 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0646 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628 \u0648\u0628\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629. \u0648\u0633\u0645\u062d\u062a \u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633 \u0645\u062b\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u064f\u0645\u062d \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0641\u062a\u062d \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633. \u0648\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0648\u062f\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0648\u062b\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646. \u0648\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0627\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u064a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647 \u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a. \u0648\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u060c \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0639\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0636\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u062e\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0628\u0641\u062a\u062d \u0641\u0631\u0639 \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0641\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633 \u0641\u064a 12 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0644 1988\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0631\u0637\u062a \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0646 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646. \u0648\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0628\u064a\u0643 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a.<\/p>\n<h2>\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u064b\u0627: \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a \u0628\u0639\u062f 2011<\/h2>\n<p>\u0628\u0639\u062f 14 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0631 2011\u060c \u0648\u0631\u062d\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0634\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0633 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0646 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0646 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633 \u0645\u0627 \u0632\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u062a\u0643\u0627\u062f \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 2014 \u0648\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645 \u0648\u0636\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0630 2011 \u0648\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0630\u064a\u0628 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0639\u062f \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u0629.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_8073_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_49');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_8073_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_49');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_49\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">49<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8073_1_49\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0646 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u060c2013\u060c &#8220;\u0645\u0631\u0635\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a: \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633: \u0633\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0631 2011- \u0623\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0631 2013&#8221; \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0647\u064a\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u0627\u064a\u062a\u0633 \u0648\u0648\u062a\u0634\u060c &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a 2016&#8243;\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 <a href=\"goo.gl\/8pTskg\">goo.gl\/8pTskg<\/a> \u00a0\u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u064a \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u060c &#8220;250 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0630\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u0633\u0648\u0621 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062c\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0642\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c 8 \u0645\u0627\u064a\u0648 2016\u060c \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 <a href=\"goo.gl\/pau8VZ\">goo.gl\/pau8VZ<\/a><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_49').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8073_1_49', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script><\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u064a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0628 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0644\u0627 \u0645\u0641\u0631\u0651 \u0645\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0631\u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0643\u062a\u0627\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0648\u062d\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631. \u0641\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0636\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0645 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0636\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0636\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062c\u0633\u062f\u0647\u0645\u0627\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0625\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0628\u064a \u064a\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062e\u0631\u0627\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u063a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0646\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649. \u0648\u0627\u062a\u0636\u062d \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0642\u0628\u0644 2011 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0646\u0636\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0644\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0636\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0644 \u063a\u064a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0636\u064a\u064a\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0628\u064a. \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0641\u0633\u0631 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0631\u062c\u0648\u0639 \u0646\u0634\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0631\u064a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0633\u0642\u0648\u0637 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0643\u062a\u0627\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0648\u0631\u062d\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0636\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0647\u0645 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0649 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0632\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639\u062a \u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0648\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0634\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>1- \u0646\u0634\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646: \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 <\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0646\u0642\u0644\u0628\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u062f 2011\u060c \u0644\u064a\u0645\u0633\u0643 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0636\u062d\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0633 \u0628\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0648\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0634\u063a\u0644\u0648\u0627 \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0628\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_8073_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_50');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_8073_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_50');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_50\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">50<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8073_1_50\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u0643\u064f\u0644\u0641 \u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u064a\u0627\u0636 \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0634\u0648\u0631 \u0641\u064a 17 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0631 2011 \u0628\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0623\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0642\u0648\u0637 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u064a. \u0648\u0636\u0645\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0646\u062d\u0648 16 \u062e\u0628\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0633\u0631\u0639\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0646\u0636\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0629 150 \u0639\u0636\u0648\u064b\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u0632\u0627\u0628 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629. \u0648\u0623\u064f\u062d\u062f\u0650\u062b\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0642\u062a\u0636\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645 6 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0631\u062e \u0641\u064a 18 \u0641\u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0631 2011.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_50').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8073_1_50', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0636\u0645\u062a \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0635\u0641\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0645\u062b\u0650\u0651\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062c\u0645\u0639\u062a \u0645\u0645\u062b\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a (\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0632\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a). \u0648\u0645\u062b\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u062d\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0636 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a. \u0648\u0636\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0636\u0648\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0643\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0646 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0628\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u0646\u0635\u0627\u0641. \u0648\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u062e\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0636\u0644\u064a \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u062a\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649. \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0643\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0628\u064a<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_8073_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_51');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_8073_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_51');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_51\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">51<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8073_1_51\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u00a0\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0637 \u0628\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0639\u064a\u0634 \u0628\u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u062e\u0631\u062c \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0626\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0630 2003 \u062b\u0645 \u062a\u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u0634\u0631\u0641\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0633\u0646\u0629 2011 \u0648\u0639\u064f\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0632\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0643\u0644\u0641\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0628\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a 2014 \u0648\u0638\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0628\u0647 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0623\u063a\u0633\u0637\u0633 2016.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_51').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8073_1_51', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u0628\u0635\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0648\u0645\u062b\u0651\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0646 \u0633\u0627\u0644\u0645<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_8073_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_52');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_8073_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_52');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_52\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">52<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8073_1_52\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0641\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0646 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0628\u0646\u0632\u0631\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0636\u0648 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0623\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u064f\u0639\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0648\u0627 \u0648\u0639\u064f\u0630\u0628\u0648\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0647\u062f \u0628\u0648\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0625\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1962.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_52').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8073_1_52', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u062f\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0646.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_8073_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_53');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_8073_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_53');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_53\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">53<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8073_1_53\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u062a\u0636\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0642\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u0636\u0644\u0648\u0627 \u0636\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_53').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8073_1_53', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u0648\u0639\u064f\u064a\u0651\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0644\u0627 \u0628\u0623\u0633 \u0628\u0647\u060c \u0643\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0633\u0649 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0646 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0633\u0637 \u0628\u0646 \u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0623\u062d\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u0629 \u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0636\u0644\u064a \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b\u0647\u0627. \u0641\u0639\u064f\u064a\u0651\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0642 \u0628\u0648\u062f\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0646 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0635\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0631 2011.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_8073_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_54');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_8073_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_54');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_54\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">54<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8073_1_54\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0631\u062d\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u064a. \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0628\u0631\u0626\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0634\u0648\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0642\u0635\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0633\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0634\u0648\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u0626\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0645\u0631.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_54').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8073_1_54', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c \u062d\u0645\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u062a\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0636\u0648\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0630\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0636\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0646 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0631\u0634\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u0644\u062a \u0633\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0646 \u0633\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0626\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0633\u0646\u0629 2013. \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0646\u062c\u062f \u0647\u0634\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 19&#8221; (Article 19).<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0634\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629. \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u062e\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u0646\u0629 2014 \u0628\u0634\u0631\u0649 \u0628\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c \u062d\u0645\u064a\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0634\u062d\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0646\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633 \u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633 2\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0646 \u0633\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0641\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0646 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0628\u0646\u0632\u0631\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0646\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0632\u0631\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u062f\u064a\u0644\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0636\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0632\u0631\u062a. \u0648\u0635\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0646 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0632\u0648\u0642\u064a\u060c \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0628 \u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 2011 \u062d\u062a\u0649 2014 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0627\u062f \u062a\u0646\u0634\u064a\u0637 \u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0623\u0633\u0647 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u064a\u0644\u0648 \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0647\u062f \u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u064a\u0643\u0627.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_8073_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_55');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_8073_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_55');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_55\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">55<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8073_1_55\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u0627\u0646\u0628\u062b\u0642\u062a \u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u064a\u0643\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 2011 \u0648\u0636\u0645\u062a \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0636\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u062a\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0644\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0634\u0624\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_55').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8073_1_55', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0636\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u0646\u0635\u0627\u0641\u060c \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0647\u062f \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0634\u063a\u0644 \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0641\u0649 \u0628\u0646 \u062c\u0639\u0641\u0631\u060c \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0646 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u062a\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0631\u0626\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633\u064a \u062d\u062a\u0649 2014.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0647\u0624\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0628\u0644\u063a\u0648\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 2011 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u060c \u062a\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0639\u062f 2011 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0632\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0646\u062a\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0647\u0624\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0648\u0641\u0627\u0629 \u0634\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0641\u064a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0627\u062a\u064f\u0651\u0647\u0650\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062c\u0646 \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0633\u0646\u0629 2013 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0634 \u0628\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629 .<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_8073_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_56');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_8073_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_56');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_56\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">56<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8073_1_56\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062e\u062a\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0642\u064f\u0628\u0636 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0633\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0639\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u062c\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 2012 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062c\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u064a\u0644\u0645 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0644. \u0648\u062f\u062e\u0644\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062c\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0648\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0642\u0627\u0641 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645\u0629. \u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0634\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0645\u0627\u060c \u062a\u062f\u0647\u0648\u0631\u062a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0642\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0633\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0631\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0634 (\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0637\u0648\u0634) \u0636\u062f \u0645\u062a\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u062a\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631 \u064a\u0648\u0645 27 \u0646\u0648\u0641\u0645\u0628\u0631 2012 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0635\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u062c\u064a\u0646. \u0648\u0627\u062f\u0639\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0636 \u0648\u0632\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0634 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0631\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062a\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0631\u0634\u0642\u0648\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u0633\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u0651\u0631 \u0633\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u062f\u064a\u0644\u0648 \u0648\u0632\u064a\u0631 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u062d\u062f\u062b \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0623\u063a\u0636\u0628 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u062f \u062f\u064a\u0644\u0648 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u063a\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0641\u0649.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_56').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8073_1_56', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0639\u0627\u0646\u0649 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0632\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0628\u0644 2011\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0639\u0641 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_8073_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_57');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_8073_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_57');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_57\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">57<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8073_1_57\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0648 \u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0634\u0645\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0639 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0648\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0628\u064a \u0648\u0632\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0648\u0627 \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0628\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0645. \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0628\u0648 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0639\u0636\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0634\u0645\u0633\u060c \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e 28 \u062f\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631 2016.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_57').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8073_1_57', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script><\/p>\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u062f \u0646\u0634\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0648\u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u064b\u0627 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0648\u0636\u0639\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062d\u0631\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0639\u0645\u0644\u062a \u062d\u0641\u064a\u0638\u0629 \u0634\u0642\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0636\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0650\u0651\u0633\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0639\u0636\u0648\u0629 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062c \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0635\u0641\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0643\u0645\u0645\u062b\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0630\u064a\u0644\u064a (\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629) \u0648\u0633\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a (\u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0627\u062a) \u0648\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0646 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 (\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0627\u062a) \u0648\u0631\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a (\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646)\u060c \u0648\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u0636\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0639\u0630\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0627\u0641\u064a\u064a\u0646. \u0648\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_8073_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_58');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_8073_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_58');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_58\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">58<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8073_1_58\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0633\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0639\u0636\u0648 \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u060c \u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0636\u0648\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e 27 \u062f\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631 2016.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_58').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8073_1_58', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script><\/p>\n<p><strong><em>2- \u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 <\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0646\u062d\u0648 21 \u0623\u0644\u0641 \u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0647\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 350 \u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_8073_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_59');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_8073_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_59');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_59\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">59<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8073_1_59\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u0627\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 2017\u060c \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649\u00a0 <a href=\"http:\/\/www.ifeda.org.tn\/stats\/arabe.pdf\">www.ifeda.org.tn\/stats\/arabe.pdf<\/a><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_59').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8073_1_59', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u0648\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0635\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0625\u064a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u060c \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a 2013\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 28\u066a \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_8073_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_60');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_8073_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_60');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_60\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">60<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8073_1_60\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0637\u0648\u064a\u060c &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0635\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0625\u064a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u064a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629&#8221;\u060c \u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c 19 \u0627\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0644 2013\u060c \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d\u00a0 \u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/bit.ly\/2vXXBi3\">bit.ly\/2vXXBi3<\/a><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_60').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8073_1_60', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u0648\u064a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\u0647 856 \u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_8073_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_61');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_8073_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_61');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_61\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">61<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8073_1_61\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 <a href=\"http:\/\/www.aihr-iadh.net\/index.php?lang=ar\">www.aihr-iadh.net\/index.php?lang=ar<\/a><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_61').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8073_1_61', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u0648\u0631\u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u062a\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0636\u062e\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0642\u062f \u0627\u062a\u0633\u0639\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0628\u0639\u062f 2011\u060c \u0644\u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0644\u0642\u0649 \u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u062c\u0631\u0649 \u0637\u0631\u062d \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0634 \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a. \u0641\u0641\u064a \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0642\u0633\u0651\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 &#8220;\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0648\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629&#8221; \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u063a\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0648 &#8220;\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645&#8221; \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642\u060c \u0646\u0648\u0642\u0634\u062a \u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e \u0639\u062f\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0647\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0622\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0647\u062c\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0634\u0631\u062e \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a. \u0648\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062a \u0623\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0639\u0645\u0644\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0647\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0623\u0646 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0644\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u062c\u0646\u0633\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0637\u0631\u062d\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a 2011 \u0628\u0644 \u0648\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0623\u0646\u0635\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0635 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u064a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2015. \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646\u062a \u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0634\u0645\u0633 \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u062d. \u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f \u062c\u062f\u0644 \u062d\u0627\u062f \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062d\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0633\u0639\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0642 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637\u0647\u0627<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_8073_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_62');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_8073_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_62');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_62\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">62<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8073_1_62\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u0647\u064a\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u0627\u064a\u062a\u0633 \u0648\u0648\u062a\u0634\u060c &#8220;\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u064f\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0628\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0644\u064a\u064a\u0646&#8221;\u060c 15 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0631 2016\u060c \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 <a href=\"http:\/\/bit.ly\/2x04E7k\">bit.ly\/2x04E7k<\/a> \u0648\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631 &#8220;\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0634\u0645\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0637\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629&#8221;\u060c 25 \u0627\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0644 2016\u060c \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 <a href=\"http:\/\/bit.ly\/2jnkLbV\">bit.ly\/2jnkLbV<\/a><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_62').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8073_1_62', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u0628\u0630\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 &#8220;\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0637\u062a \u0631\u0626\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0634\u064a\u0631\u0629&#8221; \u0648\u0642\u0636\u062a \u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0631 2016 \u0628\u0625\u064a\u0642\u0627\u0641 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 30 \u064a\u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0634\u0645\u0633 \u0648\u0642\u0627\u062f\u062a\u0647\u0627\u00a0 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0639\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0646\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u062f\u0641\u0639\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0648 \u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u00a0\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u0639\u0649 \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 230 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u064a\u060c \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0628\u0644 \u0648\u064a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0627\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u0644 \u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0648\u0625\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0628\u0637\u0621.<a href=\"#_ftn63\" name=\"_ftnref63\">[63]<\/a> \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u062a\u0633\u0639 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0637\u0631\u062d \u0645\u0633\u0623\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062a\u0639\u062f\u0649 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0630\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u0631\u0635\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0636\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0635\u0627\u0631\u062a \u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u062c\u064a \u0628\u063a\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0637 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0647\u064a\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0644\u0627 \u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u062d\u0638\u0648\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0630\u064a\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062b\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0648\u0628.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_8073_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_63');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_8073_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_63');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_63\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">63<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8073_1_63\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u0647\u064a\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u0627\u064a\u062a\u0633 \u0648\u0648\u062a\u0634\u060c &#8220;\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633&#8221;\u060c 29 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 2016\u060c \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.hrw.org\/ar\/news\/2016\/03\/29\/288197\">www.hrw.org\/ar\/news\/2016\/03\/29\/288197<\/a><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_63').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8073_1_63', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script><\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 2014 \u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0642\u062f\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0631\u0641\u0636\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0635\u0648\u0645 \u0634\u0647\u0631 \u0631\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645. \u0648\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0628\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u062d \u0635\u0641\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0633\u0648\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2011 \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0641\u0636\u062a \u0628\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u0645 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629&#8221;.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_8073_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_64');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_8073_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_64');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_64\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">64<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8073_1_64\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u064a\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0639. \u0648\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u064f\u063a\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1956 \u0648\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0636\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u064a\u0646. \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0646\u0629 1984\u060c \u0623\u063a\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0648\u062c\u0631\u062a \u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a. \u0648\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 2011 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0633\u0648\u0649 \u0625\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u064a\u0629. \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641\u060c &#8220;\u0628\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0648 \u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633: \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0642\u0648\u062f&#8221;\u060c \u0631\u0635\u064a\u0641 22\u060c 7 \u0645\u0627\u064a\u0648 2016\u060c \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 <a href=\"http:\/\/bit.ly\/2eW1etX\">bit.ly\/2eW1etX<\/a><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_64').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8073_1_64', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u0648\u0646\u0634\u0637\u062a \u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0634\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u062d \u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u0645\u0630\u0647\u0628\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0625\u0642\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0637\u0642\u0648\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u063a\u064a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062c\u0631\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0634\u0623\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0631\u0623 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0626\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u064a\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u064f\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u062f. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062f \u062e\u0648\u0641\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u0644\u0637 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631. \u0648\u0644\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0648\u0645 \u0636\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0642\u062f\u0645\u062a \u0641\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0627 \u062d\u062f\u062b \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0631\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0641\u064a\u0644\u0645 &#8220;\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u062f\u064a&#8221; \u0633\u0646\u0629 2011 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f \u0648\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0623\u0644\u0629.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_8073_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_65');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_8073_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_65');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_65\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">65<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8073_1_65\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u0641\u064a 26 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648 2011 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u062f\u062a \u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0633\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0633\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0641\u064a\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0646\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0646\u064a &#8220;\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u062f\u064a&#8221; (\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a &#8220;\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0646 \u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647&#8221;)\u060c \u0631\u0627\u0641\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0634\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0636\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062f. \u0648\u0635\u064f\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062b\u0627\u0626\u0642\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0647\u0631 \u0631\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0646 2010 \u0628\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0646\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0623\u0631\u0627\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633 \u0647\u064a \u0628\u0644\u062f \u062a\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0634 \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0642 \u0643\u0644 \u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062e\u0648\u0641. \u0648\u064a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0644\u0645 \u0641\u0647\u0645\u0648\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u062f\u0639\u0648\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0639\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0641\u0634\u0646\u0648\u0627 \u062d\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u0647\u064a\u0631 \u0636\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0627 \u0628\u0633\u062d\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627. \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0646\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0646\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u064a\u0642\u0627\u0641 \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0641\u064a\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633&#8221;\u060c \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0633\u0646\u062f 28 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648 2011\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637 <a href=\"http:\/\/www.sanadfilmfund.com\/ar\/archive\/2011\/2011-06-28\">www.sanadfilmfund.com\/ar\/archive\/2011\/2011-06-28<\/a><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_65').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8073_1_65', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script><\/p>\n<p>\u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0646\u0634\u0623\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2011 \u0648\u062d\u062a\u0649 2016 \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0632\u064a\u063a\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u064a\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0623\u0643\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0632\u064a\u063a \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u064a\u064f\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0648\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0639\u062f\u062f\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633 \u0628\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0643\u0634\u0641\u0648\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0632 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0648\u0627 \u0648\u0642\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u062d\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0623\u0633\u0633\u062a \u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062b\u0644 &#8220;\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062a\u064a&#8221; (\u0623\u064a &#8220;\u062d\u0644\u0645&#8221; \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629) \u0648 &#8220;\u0622\u062f\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0648\u0627\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629&#8221; \u0628\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631\u064a. \u0648\u064a\u0633\u0639\u0649 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0625\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u064a\u062c\u0631\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0632.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_8073_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_66');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_8073_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_66');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_66\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">66<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8073_1_66\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u0632\u064a\u063a \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b \u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633&#8221;\u060c 14 \u0646\u0648\u0641\u0645\u0628\u0631 2016\u060c \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649\u00a0 <a href=\"http:\/\/bit.ly\/2x3aSmS\">bit.ly\/2x3aSmS<\/a>\u060c \u0635 11-12. \u0648\u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c &#8220;\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0623\u0644\u0641 \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0628\u060c \u0647\u0644 \u062a\u0646\u0643\u0631\u062a \u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633 \u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0632\u064a\u063a\u064a\u0629\u061f&#8221;\u060c \u0647\u0627\u0641\u0646\u062c\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0648\u0633\u062a\u060c 19 \u0623\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0631 2016\u060c \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 <a href=\"http:\/\/bit.ly\/2x50Gfh\">bit.ly\/2x50Gfh<\/a>\u00a0 \u0648\u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0636\u062f \u0630\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0643\u0646\u0629: \u0646\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645\u064a\u060c &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062c\u0644&#8221;\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627 \u0635\u0648\u062a\u060c 24 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 2016\u060c \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 <a href=\"http:\/\/bit.ly\/2y5DxYI\">\u00a0bit.ly\/2y5DxYI<\/a><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_66').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8073_1_66', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script><\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0642\u062f \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f 2011 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0623\u063a\u0644\u0628 \u0634\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0639 \u0643\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0631\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0642 \u0623\u0635\u062d\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_8073_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_67');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_8073_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_67');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_67\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">67<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8073_1_67\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0637\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0623\u0635\u062d\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0637\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u00a0 <a href=\"http:\/\/bit.ly\/2x4k8Y7\">bit.ly\/2x4k8Y7<\/a>\u00a0 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633 \u0628\u0646\u062d\u0648 15.3\u066a \u0627\u0648 \u0627\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 626 \u0627\u0644\u0641 \u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0621\u060c &#8220;\u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a 2017&#8243;\u060c \u0623\u063a\u0633\u0637\u0633 2017\u060c \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 <a href=\"http:\/\/bit.ly\/2y2SPwy\">\u00a0\u00a0bit.ly\/2y2SPwy<\/a> \u0648\u064a\u064f\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u062e\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062f: \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0648\u0631\u060c \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0627 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0649 25\u066a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u062d\u0648 10\u066a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 28\u066a .<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_67').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8073_1_67', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0635\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u0631\u0635\u062f \u0648\u064a\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0642\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0630\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062f\u0649 \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0636\u0644 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a \u0648\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0648\u064a\u0646\u062a\u0645\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0646 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646. \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062b\u0644 &#8220;\u0623\u0646\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0638&#8221; \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0641\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0633\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u0632\u0627\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0648\u062a\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0634\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629. \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u062a &#8220;\u0623\u0646\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0638&#8221; \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0645\u0639 \u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0641\u0633\u0627\u062f \u0636\u062e\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u062a\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_8073_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_68');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_8073_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_68');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_68\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">68<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8073_1_68\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u00a0\u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 <em>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629<\/em> <a href=\"https:\/\/ftdes.net\/ar\/\">ftdes.net\/ar\/<\/a> \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0623\u0646\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0638\u00a0 <a href=\"http:\/\/www.iwatch.tn\/ar\/\">www.iwatch.tn\/ar\/<\/a><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_68').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8073_1_68', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u0648\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0632\u0627\u062f \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639\u062a \u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0641\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0627\u062f \u062a\u062e\u0644\u0648 \u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u062a\u0645\u0629: \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633: \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0635 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a<\/h2>\n<p>\u062d\u0642\u0642\u062a \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0636\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u062e\u0645\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0628\u0642\u0627\u0624\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0629. \u0648\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u0641\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0649 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062e\u0631\u062c \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0648\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a \u0639\u0642\u0628 \u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0631 2011 \u0648\u0633\u0642\u0648\u0637 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0643\u062a\u0627\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a. \u0648\u0634\u0647\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0634\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0648\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0633\u0627\u062f. \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0635\u0627\u0631\u062a \u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633 \u0631\u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0628\u0633\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a \u0625\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_8073_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_69');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_8073_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_69');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_69\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">69<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8073_1_69\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u062a\u0628 \u0642\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0641\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0647\u064a\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u0627\u064a\u062a\u0633 \u0648\u0648\u062a\u0634 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0631\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_69').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8073_1_69', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script><\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0639\u062f\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a (\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u062e\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0628\u0648\u0623 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0628 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629) \u0648\u064a\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u062a\u0639\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a \u0648\u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0648\u0636\u0648\u062d\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062e\u0631\u0627\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u0639\u0648\u0627 \u0647\u0645 \u0623\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0648\u0627 \u062c\u0632\u0621\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645 (\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0643\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0623\u0648 \u0643\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a).<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_8073_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_70');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_8073_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_70');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_70\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">70<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8073_1_70\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0641\u064a\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0648\u0628\u0646\u062f\u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0643\u0633\u064a \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u064a\u064a\u0633 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062c\u0644 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0643\u062a\u0628\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0647\u0648Upendra Baxi (2002)\u060c \u201cThe Future of Human Rights\u201d, New Delhi: Oxford University Press<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_70').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8073_1_70', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u0648\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0645\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0623\u0648\u0636\u062d (\u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0628\u063a\u0645\u0648\u0636 \u0648\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0644\u0627 \u0645\u0641\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0647) \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0628\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a (\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0632\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645).<\/li>\n<li>\u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0634\u0628\u0647 \u0642\u0637\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u062c\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0623\u063a\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062e\u0631\u0627\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633.<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u0637\u0631\u062d \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0647\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0627\u062f \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633 \u0636\u0645\u0646\u0647\u060c \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0630\u0631\u0639 \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0636\u064a\u064a\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0647\u0627\u0628 \u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u064b\u0627. \u0648\u064a\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0645\u0639\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0644\u0644\u062a\u0636\u064a\u064a\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u0648\u064a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a \u062d\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a (\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0643\u0645\u0629) \u0648\u0633\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0644 (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a) \u0648\u0641\u062a\u062d \u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0636\u0648\u064a\u0629 (\u0641\u064a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0644\u0642\u0629) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u064a\u0629 (\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644\u064b\u0627). \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u062f\u0623\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064a 2015 \u06482016 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0646\u0627\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c. \u0648\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0644\u0628 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u0636\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0641\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_8073_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_71');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_8073_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_71');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_71\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">71<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8073_1_71\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u0648\u062a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u062e\u0645\u0633 \u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0631 \u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u062a\u0628\u0627\u0639\u0627 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 2017.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_71').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8073_1_71', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Chaker Mustapha (1972), \u201cId\u00e9es dans l\u2019histoire : les id\u00e9es politiques du parti communiste tunisien\u201d, Paris : M\u00e9moire de D.E.S, Universit\u00e9 Paris I Pantheon-Sorbonne.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref63\" name=\"_ftn63\"><\/a>\u00a0[63] \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631 &#8220;\u0646\u0627\u0626\u0628 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0634\u0645\u0633 \u064a\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0631&#8221;\u060c 11 \u064a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0648 2016\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637 bit.ly\/2xy5Fql \u00a0\u0648\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0648\u064a\u060c &#8220;\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0647\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u0627\u060c \u0646\u0627\u0626\u0628 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0634\u0645\u0633 \u064a\u0643\u0634\u0641: \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633 \u0647\u062f\u062f\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u062a\u0644&#8221;\u060c 27 \u064a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0648 2017\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u00a0bit.ly\/2h1kqL9 \u00a0\u00a0\u0648\u0635\u0641\u062d\u0629 \u0634\u0645\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u064a\u0633 \u0628\u0648\u0643 \u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/bit.ly\/2hf8xBm\">bit.ly\/2hf8xBm<\/a><\/p>\n<div class=\"speaker-mute footnotes_reference_container\"> <div class=\"footnote_container_prepare\"><p><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_reference_container_label pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_expand_collapse_reference_container_8073_1();\">Endnotes<\/span><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_reference_container_collapse_button\" style=\"display: none;\" onclick=\"footnote_expand_collapse_reference_container_8073_1();\">[<a id=\"footnote_reference_container_collapse_button_8073_1\">+<\/a>]<\/span><\/p><\/div> <div id=\"footnote_references_container_8073_1\" style=\"\"><table class=\"footnotes_table footnote-reference-container\"><caption class=\"accessibility\">Endnotes<\/caption> <tbody> \r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_1\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_8073_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_1');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>1<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0631\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0640 \u0628\u0645\u0630\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u0644\u062d \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0648\u0648\u062f\u0631\u0648 \u0648\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0648\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0635\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0628\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0646\u0635\u0651 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0637\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1789.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_2\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_8073_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_2');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>2<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0646\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u064a (2016)\u060c &#8220;\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 1814-2014&#8243;\u060c \u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0646\u0648\u0628\u0629. \u0635 220.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_3\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_8073_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_3');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>3<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0642 \u0632\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u062c\u0627\u0626\u0632\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a 1993 \u062c\u0631\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u062d\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_4\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_8073_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_4');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>4<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c&#8221;\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0632\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0633\u0627\u062a&#8221;\u060c 14 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648 2012\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637 <a href=\"https:\/\/goo.gl\/nwV2Ut\">goo.gl\/nwV2Ut<\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_5\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_8073_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_5');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>5<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0631\u062c\u0628 \u0628\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f\u060c &#8220;\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u062c\u0631\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u064a\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0633\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062f: \u0623\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633 \u0648\u0634\u064a\u0648\u062e\u0647\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u062a\u0641\u0636\u0648\u0646 \u0631\u0641\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f&#8221;\u060c \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0625\u064a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u060c 26 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0631 2014\u060c <a href=\"http:\/\/elaph.com\/Web\/news\/2014\/1\/870892.html\">elaph.com\/Web\/news\/2014\/1\/870892.html<\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_6\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_8073_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_6');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>6<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0632\u0648\u0642\u064a\u060c 1997\u060c &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633&#8221;\u060c \u0641\u064a &#8220;\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646&#8221;\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629: \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0635 149.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_7\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_8073_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_7');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>7<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0635 150.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_8\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_8073_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_8');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>8<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633 \u0627\u0633\u0645\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0646\u0629 1964 \u062b\u0645 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0641\u064a 1988\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u0627\u0633\u0629\u060c \u0644\u064a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_9\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_8073_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_9');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>9<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Souheyr Belhassen (2004), \u201cLa LTDH ou la Gestion du Paradoxe\u201d, <em>Confluences<\/em> M\u00e9diterran\u00e9e, No. 51, pp.105-6.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_10\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_8073_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_10');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>10<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Larbi Chouikha and Eric Gobe, (2009), \u201cLes Organization de Defense des Droits de l\u2019Hommedans la Formule Politque Tunisienne : Acteurs de l\u2019Opposition ou Faire Valoir du R\u00e9gime ?\u201d, <em>L;Ann\u00e9e<\/em> <em>du<\/em> <em>Maghreb,<\/em> Dossier: S\u2019opposer au Maghreb, p. 165.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_11\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_8073_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_11');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>11<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0633\u0639\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0631\u0644\u064a \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a &#8220;\u0648\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 &#8211; \u0646\u0632\u0644 \u0627\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0631\u060c \u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u060c \u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a 23 \u064824 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 1985&#8243;\u060c \u06352.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_12\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_8073_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_12');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>12<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0623\u0633\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0633\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0641\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649. \u0648\u0627\u0646\u0634\u0642\u062a \u0646\u062e\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1937 \u0644\u062a\u0624\u0633\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a. \u0648\u062d\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u062a\u0647 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1963 \u0648\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0639\u062f\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a\u0647. \u0648\u0631\u064f\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0638\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1981. \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_13\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_8073_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_13');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>13<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u062a\u0623\u0633\u0633\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0639\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0643\u062c\u0646\u0627\u062d \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0628. \u0648\u0634\u0645\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u063a\u0645 \u0648\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0628 \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062c\u064a \u0642\u0627\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0633\u064a. \u0648\u0644\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0634\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u062d\u0632\u0628 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1981\u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0633\u0645\u062d \u0628\u0648\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u064a\u0629. \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: \u0641\u0627\u064a\u0632 \u0633\u0627\u0631\u0629 (1986)\u060c &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0632\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633 1932-1984&#8243;\u060c \u062f\u0645\u0634\u0642: \u0641\u0627\u064a\u0632 \u0633\u0627\u0631\u0629. \u0635 10.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_14\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_8073_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_14');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>14<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0622\u0646\u0630\u0627\u0643 \u0622\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0644\u0629. \u0648\u062a\u0623\u0633\u0633\u062a \u0622\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u064a\u062f \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0633\u0627\u062a\u0630\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0636\u0645\u062a \u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0633\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u0639\u062b\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0623\u062f\u064a \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064a\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0630\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0641\u0643\u0643 \u0622\u0641\u0627\u0642. \u0648\u0623\u0633\u0633 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0622\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0648\u064a \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0641\u064a \u0648\u062e\u0645\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u0627 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0633\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0646\u064a \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u062f\u0645 \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u062e\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u064a\u0646 (\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u062f). \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a: \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u064a (2016)\u060c &#8220;\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0632\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0642\u064a\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 (1987- 2002)&#8221;\u060c \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633: \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_15\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_8073_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_15');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>15<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Hermassi Elbaki (1989), \u201cL\u2019Etat tunisien et les islamistes\u201d, <em>Annuaie<\/em> <em>de<\/em> <em>l\u2019Afrique<\/em> <em>du<\/em> <em>Nord,<\/em> Tome XXVIII, pp. 298-308.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_16\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_8073_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_16');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>16<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: \u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0631\u0634\u064a (2015)\u060c &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0648\u0646&#8221;\u060c \u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_17\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_8073_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_17');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>17<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0647\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0647\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0636\u0644\u064a \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1981 \u0625\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0646\u062e\u0631\u0637 \u0628\u0641\u0631\u0639 \u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0641\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1982 \u062b\u0645 \u0627\u0646\u0636\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0646 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0641\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062c\u0648\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0648\u062f\u062a\u0647 \u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1984 \u062b\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a. \u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0647\u0631\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062c\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1995 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0647\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_18\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_8073_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_18');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>18<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0631\u0624\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0623\u0629: 1977-1989: \u0633\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0631\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u064a \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a\u064a\u0646 &#8211; 1989-1989: \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0641\u064a\u060c \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0622\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 &#8211;\u00a01989-1994: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0632\u0648\u0642\u064a (\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0631\u064a) &#8211; 1994-2000: \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0642 \u0628\u0648\u062f\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0629 (\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0631\u064a) &#8211; 2000-2011: \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0641\u064a (\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0631\u064a) -2011-2016: \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0633\u0649 (\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0631\u064a) -\u0645\u0646\u0630 2016 : \u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645 (\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644)<\/p>\n<p><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_19\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_8073_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_19');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>19<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0631\u0634\u064a\u060c&#8221;\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629: \u0648\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0635\u0639\u0628 &#8230; \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062d\u064a\u0644\u064b\u0627&#8221;\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0646\u062a\u060c 10 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648 2010\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<a href=\"goo.gl\/1aJZZc\">goo.gl\/1aJZZc<\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_20\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_8073_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_20');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>20<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0646 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u060c (1985)\u060c &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0628\u0646\u0632\u0644 \u0623\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a23 \u064824 \u00a0\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 1985&#8243;\u060c \u0635 12.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_21\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_8073_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_21');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>21<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">&#8220;\u0644\u0627\u0626\u062d\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0636\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629&#8221; (1985)\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0646 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u060c 1985\u060c \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0631\u060c \u0635 47.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_22\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_8073_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_22');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>22<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0646 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u060c (1985)\u060c &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a&#8221;\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 13.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_23\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_8073_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_23');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>23<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0646 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u060c (1985)\u060c &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a&#8221;\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_24\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_8073_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_24');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>24<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0646 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 (1985)\u060c &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a&#8221;\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0639.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_25\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_8073_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_25');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>25<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u062f\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u062b\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0646 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_26\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_8073_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_26');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>26<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0646 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 (1985)\u060c &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a&#8221;\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_27\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_8073_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_27');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>27<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0641\u064a 26 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0631 1978 (\u0648\u064a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0645\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0648\u062f) \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0634\u063a\u0644 \u0625\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0631\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0639\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u0642\u0645\u0639\u062a \u0642\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0642\u0633\u0648\u0629 \u0648\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0645\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062a\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u062d\u0649. \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u063a\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0646\u0623\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u0628\u0639\u064a\u062f\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0639\u0627\u0634\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0628.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_28\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_8073_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_28');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>28<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0641\u064a \u0644\u064a\u0644\u0629 26 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0631 1980\u060c \u0642\u0627\u0645 60 \u0645\u0633\u0644\u062d\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u062a\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u064a\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0630\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0627 \u0628\u0645\u0647\u0627\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0632 \u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0642\u0641\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a \u0648\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0631\u062f. \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0621\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0642\u062a\u0644 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0645\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629. \u0648\u0646\u064f\u0641\u0630 \u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a 18 \u0634\u062e\u0635\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a 17 \u0625\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0644 1980.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_29\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_8073_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_29');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>29<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0641\u064a \u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0631 1984 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0645\u062a \u0627\u062d\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0634\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u062d\u064a\u0646. \u0648\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0626 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0631 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0623\u064f\u062d\u0631\u0642\u062a \u062d\u0627\u0641\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0622\u062a \u0648\u0648\u0642\u0639\u062a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0633\u0642\u0637 \u0642\u062a\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062c\u0631\u062d\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0639\u062f\u0629. \u0648\u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0647\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0639 \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0648\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_30\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_8073_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_30');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>30<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u060c 1985\u060c &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062b\u0627\u0642&#8221;\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0645\u0646\u0629.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_31\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_8073_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_31');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>31<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0632\u0648\u0642\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0635 151.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_32\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_8073_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_32');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>32<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0635 155.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_33\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_8073_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_33');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>33<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0635 152-3.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_34\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_8073_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_34');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>34<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u062e\u0637\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e 9 \u062f\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631 1989 \u06487 \u0646\u0648\u0641\u0645\u0628\u0631 1992\u060c &#8220;\u062e\u0637\u0628 \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0632\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u064a&#8221;\u060c \u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u060c \u0646\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a 1989 \u06481992.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_35\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_8073_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_35');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>35<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u062a\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0630\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0641\u0638\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0642\u062a\u0636\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 79 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0631\u062e 11 \u064a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0648 1988.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_36\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_8073_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_36');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>36<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 54 \u0641\u064a 7 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0631 1991 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a \u0639\u062f\u062f 3 \u060c 11 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0631 1991\u060c \u0635 43. \u0648\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_37\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_8073_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_37');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>37<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062f (1996)\u060c &#8220;\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a&#8221;\u060c \u0645\u0630\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0645\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633: \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0635 57.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_38\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_8073_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_38');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>38<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0624\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_39\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_8073_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_39');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>39<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Khiari Sadri et Olfa Lamloum, \u201cTunisie : des elections en trompe-l\u2019oeil\u201d, <em>Politique<\/em> <em>Africaine<\/em> 1999\/4, n\u00b0 76 p. 106-15.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_40\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_8073_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_40');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>40<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0639\u062f\u062f 25 \u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 1992 \u0645\u0624\u0631\u062e 2 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0644 1992 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0625\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u062f 154 \u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 1959 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0631\u062e \u0641\u064a 7 \u0646\u0648\u0641\u0645\u0628\u0631 1959 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0635 411.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_41\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_8073_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_41');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>41<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0646 \u0631\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0646\u060c 2011\u060c &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0646 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646&#8221;\u060c \u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645\u064a\u060c \u063520.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_42\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_8073_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_42');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>42<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0646 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u060c &#8220;\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646: \u062d\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u062f\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0629&#8221;\u060c17 \u0646\u0648\u0641\u0645\u0628\u0631 2009\u060c \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u00a0 <a href=\"http:\/\/www.anhri.net\/tunisia\/ltdh\/2009\/pr1117.shtml\">www.anhri.net\/tunisia\/ltdh\/2009\/pr1117.shtml<\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_43\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_8073_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_43');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>43<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0646 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u060c &#8220;\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646: \u0645\u0642\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0642\u0629&#8221;\u060c 8 \u0641\u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0631 2010\u060c \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646<a href=\"http:\/\/www.anhri.net\/tunisia\/ltdh\/2010\/pr0208.shtm\">www.anhri.net\/tunisia\/ltdh\/2010\/pr0208.shtm<\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_44\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_8073_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_44');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>44<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0646 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u060c 2003\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u060c <a href=\"http:\/\/anhri.net\/tunisia\/ltdh\/pr040000.shtml\">anhri.net\/tunisia\/ltdh\/pr040000.shtml<\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_45\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_8073_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_45');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>45<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f \u0641\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0648 \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a <a href=\"goo.gl\/mYyF8G\">goo.gl\/mYyF8G<\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_46\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_8073_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_46');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>46<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a femmesdemocrates.org.tn\/ar\/ \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0621 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0633 \u0628\u0648\u0643 \u0648\u0647\u064a\u00a0 <a href=\"http:\/\/www.facebook.com\/femmesdemocrates\">www.facebook.com\/femmesdemocrates<\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_47\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_8073_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_47');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>47<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0633\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e 27 \u062f\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631 2016.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_48\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_8073_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_48');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>48<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629: \u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.afturd-tunisie.org\/a-propos\/\">www.afturd-tunisie.org\/a-propos\/<\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_49\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_8073_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_49');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>49<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0646 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u060c2013\u060c &#8220;\u0645\u0631\u0635\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a: \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633: \u0633\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0631 2011- \u0623\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0631 2013&#8221; \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0647\u064a\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u0627\u064a\u062a\u0633 \u0648\u0648\u062a\u0634\u060c &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a 2016&#8243;\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 <a href=\"goo.gl\/8pTskg\">goo.gl\/8pTskg<\/a> \u00a0\u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u064a \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u060c &#8220;250 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0630\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u0633\u0648\u0621 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062c\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0642\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c 8 \u0645\u0627\u064a\u0648 2016\u060c \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 <a href=\"goo.gl\/pau8VZ\">goo.gl\/pau8VZ<\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_50\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_8073_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_50');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>50<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0643\u064f\u0644\u0641 \u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u064a\u0627\u0636 \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0634\u0648\u0631 \u0641\u064a 17 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0631 2011 \u0628\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0623\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0642\u0648\u0637 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u064a. \u0648\u0636\u0645\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0646\u062d\u0648 16 \u062e\u0628\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0633\u0631\u0639\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0646\u0636\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0629 150 \u0639\u0636\u0648\u064b\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u0632\u0627\u0628 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629. \u0648\u0623\u064f\u062d\u062f\u0650\u062b\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0642\u062a\u0636\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645 6 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0631\u062e \u0641\u064a 18 \u0641\u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0631 2011.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_51\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_8073_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_51');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>51<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u00a0\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0637 \u0628\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0639\u064a\u0634 \u0628\u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u062e\u0631\u062c \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0626\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0630 2003 \u062b\u0645 \u062a\u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u0634\u0631\u0641\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0633\u0646\u0629 2011 \u0648\u0639\u064f\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0632\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0643\u0644\u0641\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0628\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a 2014 \u0648\u0638\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0628\u0647 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0623\u063a\u0633\u0637\u0633 2016.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_52\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_8073_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_52');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>52<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0641\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0646 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0628\u0646\u0632\u0631\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0636\u0648 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0623\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u064f\u0639\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0648\u0627 \u0648\u0639\u064f\u0630\u0628\u0648\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0647\u062f \u0628\u0648\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0625\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1962.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_53\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_8073_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_53');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>53<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u062a\u0636\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0642\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u0636\u0644\u0648\u0627 \u0636\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_54\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_8073_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_54');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>54<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0631\u062d\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u064a. \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0628\u0631\u0626\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0634\u0648\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0642\u0635\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0633\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0634\u0648\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u0626\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0645\u0631.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_55\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_8073_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_55');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>55<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0627\u0646\u0628\u062b\u0642\u062a \u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u064a\u0643\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 2011 \u0648\u0636\u0645\u062a \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0636\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u062a\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0644\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0634\u0624\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_56\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_8073_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_56');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>56<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062e\u062a\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0642\u064f\u0628\u0636 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0633\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0639\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u062c\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 2012 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062c\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u064a\u0644\u0645 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0644. \u0648\u062f\u062e\u0644\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062c\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0648\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0642\u0627\u0641 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645\u0629. \u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0634\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0645\u0627\u060c \u062a\u062f\u0647\u0648\u0631\u062a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0642\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0633\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0631\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0634 (\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0637\u0648\u0634) \u0636\u062f \u0645\u062a\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u062a\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631 \u064a\u0648\u0645 27 \u0646\u0648\u0641\u0645\u0628\u0631 2012 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0635\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u062c\u064a\u0646. \u0648\u0627\u062f\u0639\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0636 \u0648\u0632\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0634 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0631\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062a\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0631\u0634\u0642\u0648\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u0633\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u0651\u0631 \u0633\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u062f\u064a\u0644\u0648 \u0648\u0632\u064a\u0631 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u062d\u062f\u062b \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0623\u063a\u0636\u0628 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u062f \u062f\u064a\u0644\u0648 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u063a\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0641\u0649.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_57\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_8073_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_57');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>57<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0648 \u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0634\u0645\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0639 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0648\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0628\u064a \u0648\u0632\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0648\u0627 \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0628\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0645. \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0628\u0648 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0639\u0636\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0634\u0645\u0633\u060c \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e 28 \u062f\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631 2016.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_58\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_8073_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_58');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>58<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0633\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0639\u0636\u0648 \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u060c \u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0636\u0648\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e 27 \u062f\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631 2016.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_59\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_8073_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_59');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>59<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0627\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 2017\u060c \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649\u00a0 <a href=\"http:\/\/www.ifeda.org.tn\/stats\/arabe.pdf\">www.ifeda.org.tn\/stats\/arabe.pdf<\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_60\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_8073_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_60');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>60<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0637\u0648\u064a\u060c &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0635\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0625\u064a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u064a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629&#8221;\u060c \u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c 19 \u0627\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0644 2013\u060c \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d\u00a0 \u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/bit.ly\/2vXXBi3\">bit.ly\/2vXXBi3<\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_61\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_8073_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_61');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>61<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 <a href=\"http:\/\/www.aihr-iadh.net\/index.php?lang=ar\">www.aihr-iadh.net\/index.php?lang=ar<\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_62\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_8073_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_62');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>62<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0647\u064a\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u0627\u064a\u062a\u0633 \u0648\u0648\u062a\u0634\u060c &#8220;\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u064f\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0628\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0644\u064a\u064a\u0646&#8221;\u060c 15 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0631 2016\u060c \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 <a href=\"http:\/\/bit.ly\/2x04E7k\">bit.ly\/2x04E7k<\/a> \u0648\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631 &#8220;\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0634\u0645\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0637\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629&#8221;\u060c 25 \u0627\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0644 2016\u060c \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 <a href=\"http:\/\/bit.ly\/2jnkLbV\">bit.ly\/2jnkLbV<\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_63\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_8073_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_63');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>63<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0647\u064a\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u0627\u064a\u062a\u0633 \u0648\u0648\u062a\u0634\u060c &#8220;\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633&#8221;\u060c 29 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 2016\u060c \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.hrw.org\/ar\/news\/2016\/03\/29\/288197\">www.hrw.org\/ar\/news\/2016\/03\/29\/288197<\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_64\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_8073_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_64');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>64<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u064a\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0639. \u0648\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u064f\u063a\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1956 \u0648\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0636\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u064a\u0646. \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0646\u0629 1984\u060c \u0623\u063a\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0648\u062c\u0631\u062a \u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a. \u0648\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 2011 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0633\u0648\u0649 \u0625\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u064a\u0629. \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641\u060c &#8220;\u0628\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0648 \u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633: \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0642\u0648\u062f&#8221;\u060c \u0631\u0635\u064a\u0641 22\u060c 7 \u0645\u0627\u064a\u0648 2016\u060c \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 <a href=\"http:\/\/bit.ly\/2eW1etX\">bit.ly\/2eW1etX<\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_65\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_8073_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_65');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>65<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0641\u064a 26 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648 2011 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u062f\u062a \u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0633\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0633\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0641\u064a\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0646\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0646\u064a &#8220;\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u062f\u064a&#8221; (\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a &#8220;\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0646 \u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647&#8221;)\u060c \u0631\u0627\u0641\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0634\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0636\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062f. \u0648\u0635\u064f\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062b\u0627\u0626\u0642\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0647\u0631 \u0631\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0646 2010 \u0628\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0646\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0623\u0631\u0627\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633 \u0647\u064a \u0628\u0644\u062f \u062a\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0634 \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0642 \u0643\u0644 \u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062e\u0648\u0641. \u0648\u064a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0644\u0645 \u0641\u0647\u0645\u0648\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u062f\u0639\u0648\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0639\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0641\u0634\u0646\u0648\u0627 \u062d\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u0647\u064a\u0631 \u0636\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0627 \u0628\u0633\u062d\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627. \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0646\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0646\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u064a\u0642\u0627\u0641 \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0641\u064a\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633&#8221;\u060c \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0633\u0646\u062f 28 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648 2011\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637 <a href=\"http:\/\/www.sanadfilmfund.com\/ar\/archive\/2011\/2011-06-28\">www.sanadfilmfund.com\/ar\/archive\/2011\/2011-06-28<\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_66\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_8073_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_66');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>66<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u0632\u064a\u063a \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b \u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633&#8221;\u060c 14 \u0646\u0648\u0641\u0645\u0628\u0631 2016\u060c \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649\u00a0 <a href=\"http:\/\/bit.ly\/2x3aSmS\">bit.ly\/2x3aSmS<\/a>\u060c \u0635 11-12. \u0648\u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c &#8220;\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0623\u0644\u0641 \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0628\u060c \u0647\u0644 \u062a\u0646\u0643\u0631\u062a \u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633 \u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0632\u064a\u063a\u064a\u0629\u061f&#8221;\u060c \u0647\u0627\u0641\u0646\u062c\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0648\u0633\u062a\u060c 19 \u0623\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0631 2016\u060c \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 <a href=\"http:\/\/bit.ly\/2x50Gfh\">bit.ly\/2x50Gfh<\/a>\u00a0 \u0648\u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0636\u062f \u0630\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0643\u0646\u0629: \u0646\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645\u064a\u060c &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062c\u0644&#8221;\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627 \u0635\u0648\u062a\u060c 24 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 2016\u060c \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 <a href=\"http:\/\/bit.ly\/2y5DxYI\">\u00a0bit.ly\/2y5DxYI<\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_67\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_8073_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_67');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>67<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0637\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0623\u0635\u062d\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0637\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u00a0 <a href=\"http:\/\/bit.ly\/2x4k8Y7\">bit.ly\/2x4k8Y7<\/a>\u00a0 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633 \u0628\u0646\u062d\u0648 15.3\u066a \u0627\u0648 \u0627\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 626 \u0627\u0644\u0641 \u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0621\u060c &#8220;\u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a 2017&#8243;\u060c \u0623\u063a\u0633\u0637\u0633 2017\u060c \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 <a href=\"http:\/\/bit.ly\/2y2SPwy\">\u00a0\u00a0bit.ly\/2y2SPwy<\/a> \u0648\u064a\u064f\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u062e\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062f: \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0648\u0631\u060c \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0627 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0649 25\u066a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u062d\u0648 10\u066a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 28\u066a .<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_68\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_8073_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_68');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>68<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u00a0\u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 <em>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629<\/em> <a href=\"https:\/\/ftdes.net\/ar\/\">ftdes.net\/ar\/<\/a> \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0623\u0646\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0638\u00a0 <a href=\"http:\/\/www.iwatch.tn\/ar\/\">www.iwatch.tn\/ar\/<\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_69\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_8073_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_69');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>69<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u062a\u0628 \u0642\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0641\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0647\u064a\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u0627\u064a\u062a\u0633 \u0648\u0648\u062a\u0634 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0631\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_70\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_8073_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_70');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>70<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0641\u064a\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0648\u0628\u0646\u062f\u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0643\u0633\u064a \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u064a\u064a\u0633 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062c\u0644 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0643\u062a\u0628\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0647\u0648Upendra Baxi (2002)\u060c \u201cThe Future of Human Rights\u201d, New Delhi: Oxford University Press<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_8073_1_71\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_8073_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_8073_1_71');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>71<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0648\u062a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u062e\u0645\u0633 \u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0631 \u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u062a\u0628\u0627\u0639\u0627 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 2017.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n <\/tbody> <\/table> <\/div><\/div><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> function footnote_expand_reference_container_8073_1() { jQuery('#footnote_references_container_8073_1').show(); jQuery('#footnote_reference_container_collapse_button_8073_1').text('\u2212'); } function footnote_collapse_reference_container_8073_1() { jQuery('#footnote_references_container_8073_1').hide(); jQuery('#footnote_reference_container_collapse_button_8073_1').text('+'); } function footnote_expand_collapse_reference_container_8073_1() { if (jQuery('#footnote_references_container_8073_1').is(':hidden')) { footnote_expand_reference_container_8073_1(); } else { footnote_collapse_reference_container_8073_1(); } } function footnote_moveToReference_8073_1(p_str_TargetID) { footnote_expand_reference_container_8073_1(); var l_obj_Target = jQuery('#' + p_str_TargetID); if (l_obj_Target.length) { jQuery( 'html, body' ).delay( 0 ); jQuery('html, body').animate({ scrollTop: l_obj_Target.offset().top - window.innerHeight * 0.2 }, 380); } } function footnote_moveToAnchor_8073_1(p_str_TargetID) { footnote_expand_reference_container_8073_1(); var l_obj_Target = jQuery('#' + p_str_TargetID); if (l_obj_Target.length) { jQuery( 'html, body' ).delay( 0 ); jQuery('html, body').animate({ scrollTop: l_obj_Target.offset().top - window.innerHeight * 0.2 }, 380); } }<\/script>","protected":false},"featured_media":7983,"menu_order":0,"template":"","categories":[12],"tags":[15,11],"class_list":["post-8073","publication","type-publication","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-12","tag-15","tag-11"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ari26.arabregionhub.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/publication\/8073","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ari26.arabregionhub.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/publication"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ari26.arabregionhub.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/publication"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/ari26.arabregionhub.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/publication\/8073\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8730,"href":"https:\/\/ari26.arabregionhub.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/publication\/8073\/revisions\/8730"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ari26.arabregionhub.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/7983"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ari26.arabregionhub.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8073"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ari26.arabregionhub.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8073"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ari26.arabregionhub.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8073"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}