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\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0624\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0624\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0642\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_5942_1('footnote_plugin_reference_5942_1_7');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_5942_1('footnote_plugin_reference_5942_1_7');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_5942_1_7\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">7<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_5942_1_7\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">- \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: Iraq Energy Institute, The Process of Federalism: an Interview with Mike Fleet of the Institute of Governance, 19 December 2018 <a href=\"https:\/\/iraqenergy.org\/2018\/12\/19\/the-process-of-federalism-an-interview-with-mike-fleet-of-the-institute-of-governance\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">iraqenergy.org<\/a><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_5942_1_7').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_5942_1_7', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script><\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0635\u0641\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0651\u0644 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role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_5942_1('footnote_plugin_reference_5942_1_8');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_5942_1('footnote_plugin_reference_5942_1_8');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_5942_1_8\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">8<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_5942_1_8\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">- \u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e 12 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648\/\u062d\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 2018: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.iraqfsc.iq\/news.4124\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">iraqfsc.iq<\/a><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_5942_1_8').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_5942_1_8', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, 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id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_5942_1_11\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">- \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: National Democratic Institute, Iraqis Call on the New Government for Jobs, Services, and Reconstruction, November 2018 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ndi.org\/sites\/default\/files\/Iraq%20Survey%20Aug-Oct%202018%20Public%20Report.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">ndi.org<\/a><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_5942_1_11').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_5942_1_11', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script><\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0641\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0635\u064a\u0641 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\u0644\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0629.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_5942_1('footnote_plugin_reference_5942_1_12');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_5942_1('footnote_plugin_reference_5942_1_12');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_5942_1_12\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">12<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_5942_1_12\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">- \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: Deutsche Welle, Baghdad lifts Basra curfew as PM pressed to quit, 8 September 2018 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.dw.com\/en\/baghdad-lifts-basra-curfew-as-pm-pressed-to-quit\/a-45410407\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">dw.com<\/a><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_5942_1_12').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_5942_1_12', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 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\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a.<\/p>\n<div class=\"speaker-mute footnotes_reference_container\"> <div class=\"footnote_container_prepare\"><p><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_reference_container_label pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_expand_collapse_reference_container_5942_1();\">Endnotes<\/span><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_reference_container_collapse_button\" style=\"display: none;\" onclick=\"footnote_expand_collapse_reference_container_5942_1();\">[<a id=\"footnote_reference_container_collapse_button_5942_1\">+<\/a>]<\/span><\/p><\/div> <div id=\"footnote_references_container_5942_1\" style=\"\"><table class=\"footnotes_table footnote-reference-container\"><caption class=\"accessibility\">Endnotes<\/caption> <tbody> \r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_5942_1_1\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_5942_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_5942_1_1');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>1<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u00a0\u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: Al-Monitor, Barzani: The region&#8217;s new borders will be drawn in blood, 15 February 2015 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.al-monitor.com\/pulse\/security\/2015\/02\/barzani-iraq-peshmerga-kurds-islamic-state-interview.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">al-monitor.com<\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_5942_1_2\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_5942_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_5942_1_2');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>2<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u00a0\u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: Time, The End of Iraq, 30 June 2014 <a href=\"http:\/\/time.com\/magazine\/us\/2899479\/june-30th-2014-vol-183-no-25-u-s\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">time.com<\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_5942_1_3\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_5942_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_5942_1_3');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>3<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">- \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: Senate Foreign Relations Committee, Iraq at a Crossroads: Options for U.S. Policy, Testimony by Brett McGurk, 24 July 2014 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.foreign.senate.gov\/imo\/media\/doc\/McGurk%20Testimony%20072414-Final%20Version%20REVISED.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">foreign.senate.gov PDF<\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_5942_1_4\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_5942_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_5942_1_4');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>4<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">- \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 (USAID)\u060c \u0648\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0646\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0626\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_5942_1_5\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_5942_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_5942_1_5');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>5<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">- \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: USAID, Law of Governorates Not Incorporated into a Region, March 2011 <a href=\"http:\/\/iraq-lg-law.org\/ar\/webfm_send\/765\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">iraq-lg-law.org<\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_5942_1_6\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_5942_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_5942_1_6');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>6<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">- \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: Diamond, Todd and Cameron Berkuti, Improving Services and Strengthening Cohesion in Fragile States: The Case of Iraq, October 2017 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.chemonics.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/10\/CaseStudy_ServiceDelivery_StateCohesion_Iraq.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">chemonics.com PDF<\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_5942_1_7\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_5942_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_5942_1_7');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>7<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">- \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: Iraq Energy Institute, The Process of Federalism: an Interview with Mike Fleet of the Institute of Governance, 19 December 2018 <a href=\"https:\/\/iraqenergy.org\/2018\/12\/19\/the-process-of-federalism-an-interview-with-mike-fleet-of-the-institute-of-governance\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">iraqenergy.org<\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_5942_1_8\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_5942_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_5942_1_8');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>8<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">- \u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e 12 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648\/\u062d\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 2018: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.iraqfsc.iq\/news.4124\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">iraqfsc.iq<\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_5942_1_9\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_5942_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_5942_1_9');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>9<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">- \u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e 1 \u064a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0648\/\u062a\u0645\u0648\u0632 2018: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.iraqfsc.iq\/news.4131\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">iraqfsc.iq<\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_5942_1_10\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_5942_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_5942_1_10');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>10<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">- \u062a\u0648\u064a\u062a\u0631\u060c 5 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648\/\u062d\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 2018: <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/aalmawlawi\/status\/1003924091655589888\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">twitter.com\/aalmawlawi\/<\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_5942_1_11\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_5942_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_5942_1_11');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>11<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">- \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: National Democratic Institute, Iraqis Call on the New Government for Jobs, Services, and Reconstruction, November 2018 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ndi.org\/sites\/default\/files\/Iraq%20Survey%20Aug-Oct%202018%20Public%20Report.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">ndi.org<\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_5942_1_12\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_5942_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_5942_1_12');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>12<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">- \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: Deutsche Welle, Baghdad lifts Basra curfew as PM pressed to quit, 8 September 2018 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.dw.com\/en\/baghdad-lifts-basra-curfew-as-pm-pressed-to-quit\/a-45410407\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">dw.com<\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_5942_1_13\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_5942_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_5942_1_13');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>13<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">- \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 2019.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n <\/tbody> <\/table> <\/div><\/div><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> function footnote_expand_reference_container_5942_1() { jQuery('#footnote_references_container_5942_1').show(); jQuery('#footnote_reference_container_collapse_button_5942_1').text('\u2212'); } function footnote_collapse_reference_container_5942_1() { jQuery('#footnote_references_container_5942_1').hide(); jQuery('#footnote_reference_container_collapse_button_5942_1').text('+'); } function footnote_expand_collapse_reference_container_5942_1() { if (jQuery('#footnote_references_container_5942_1').is(':hidden')) { footnote_expand_reference_container_5942_1(); } else { footnote_collapse_reference_container_5942_1(); } } function footnote_moveToReference_5942_1(p_str_TargetID) { 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