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onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_40762_1('footnote_plugin_reference_40762_1_1');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_40762_1('footnote_plugin_reference_40762_1_1');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_40762_1_1\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">1<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_40762_1_1\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Siciliano, G., Wallbott, L., Urban, F., Dang, A. N., &amp; Lederer, M. (2021). Low\u2010carbon Energy, Sustainable Development, and Justice: Towards a Just Energy Transition for the Society and the Environment. Sustainable Development, 29(6), 1049-1061.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_40762_1_1').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_40762_1_1', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642\u060c \u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629. \u0641\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0648\u0628 \u0646\u0634\u0623 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0637 90 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class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/amwaj.media\/en\/media-monitor\/iraq-faces-crisis-as-plunging-oil-prices-highlight-bloated-public-sector<\/span><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_40762_1_2').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_40762_1_2', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u00a0\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0641\u064a\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0628 \u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0644\u0627 \u0634\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0632\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062e\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 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tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_40762_1('footnote_plugin_reference_40762_1_3');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_40762_1('footnote_plugin_reference_40762_1_3');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_40762_1_3\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">3<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_40762_1_3\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">BBC. \u201cUnder Poisoned Skies: Investigating Oil\u2019s Deadly Toll in Iraq\u201d\u00a0[Documentary].\u00a0BBC World Service, 28 September 2022.\u00a0<span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/www.bbc.co.uk\/programmes\/w3ct304h<\/span><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_40762_1_3').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_40762_1_3', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644 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C., Wallis, J. J., Webb, S. B., &amp; Weingast, B. R.. \u201cLimited Access Orders: An Introduction to the Conceptual Framework\u201d, in North, D. C., Wallis, J. J., Webb, S. B., &amp; Weingast, B. R. ed\u00a0In the Shadow of Violence: Politics, Economics, and the Problems of Development,\u00a02013.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_40762_1_4').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_40762_1_4', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0646\u062e\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u062a\u064f\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062e\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062f.<span 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class=\"simple-translate-system-theme\">\n<div>\n<div class=\"simple-translate-button isShow\" style=\"background-image: url('chrome-extension:\/\/ibplnjkanclpjokhdolnendpplpjiace\/icons\/512.png'); height: 22px; width: 22px; top: 3899px; left: 855px;\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"simple-translate-panel \" style=\"width: 300px; height: 200px; top: 0px; left: 0px; font-size: 13px;\">\n<div class=\"simple-translate-result-wrapper\" style=\"overflow: hidden;\">\n<div class=\"simple-translate-move\" draggable=\"true\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"simple-translate-result-contents\">\n<p class=\"simple-translate-candidate\" dir=\"auto\">\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"speaker-mute footnotes_reference_container\"> <div class=\"footnote_container_prepare\"><p><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_reference_container_label pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_expand_collapse_reference_container_40762_1();\">Endnotes<\/span><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_reference_container_collapse_button\" style=\"display: none;\" onclick=\"footnote_expand_collapse_reference_container_40762_1();\">[<a id=\"footnote_reference_container_collapse_button_40762_1\">+<\/a>]<\/span><\/p><\/div> <div id=\"footnote_references_container_40762_1\" style=\"\"><table class=\"footnotes_table footnote-reference-container\"><caption class=\"accessibility\">Endnotes<\/caption> <tbody> \r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_40762_1_1\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_40762_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_40762_1_1');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>1<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Siciliano, G., Wallbott, L., Urban, F., Dang, A. N., &amp; Lederer, M. (2021). Low\u2010carbon Energy, Sustainable Development, and Justice: Towards a Just Energy Transition for the Society and the Environment. Sustainable Development, 29(6), 1049-1061.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_40762_1_2\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_40762_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_40762_1_2');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>2<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Amwaj.media. \u201cIraq Faces Crisis as Plunging Oil Prices Highlight Bloated Public Sector\u201d, 15 April 2025.\u00a0<span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/amwaj.media\/en\/media-monitor\/iraq-faces-crisis-as-plunging-oil-prices-highlight-bloated-public-sector<\/span><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_40762_1_3\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_40762_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_40762_1_3');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>3<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">BBC. \u201cUnder Poisoned Skies: Investigating Oil\u2019s Deadly Toll in Iraq\u201d\u00a0[Documentary].\u00a0BBC World Service, 28 September 2022.\u00a0<span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/www.bbc.co.uk\/programmes\/w3ct304h<\/span><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_40762_1_4\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_40762_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_40762_1_4');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>4<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">North, D. C., Wallis, J. J., Webb, S. B., &amp; Weingast, B. R.. \u201cLimited Access Orders: An Introduction to the Conceptual Framework\u201d, in North, D. C., Wallis, J. J., Webb, S. B., &amp; Weingast, B. R. ed\u00a0In the Shadow of Violence: Politics, Economics, and the Problems of Development,\u00a02013.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_40762_1_5\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_40762_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_40762_1_5');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>5<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Hamilton, Alexander. \u201cThe political economy of economic policy in Iraq\u201d,\u00a0LSE Middle East Centre Paper Series\u00a0(32), 2020.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n <\/tbody> <\/table> <\/div><\/div><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> function footnote_expand_reference_container_40762_1() { jQuery('#footnote_references_container_40762_1').show(); jQuery('#footnote_reference_container_collapse_button_40762_1').text('\u2212'); } function footnote_collapse_reference_container_40762_1() { jQuery('#footnote_references_container_40762_1').hide(); jQuery('#footnote_reference_container_collapse_button_40762_1').text('+'); } function footnote_expand_collapse_reference_container_40762_1() { if (jQuery('#footnote_references_container_40762_1').is(':hidden')) { footnote_expand_reference_container_40762_1(); } else { footnote_collapse_reference_container_40762_1(); } } function footnote_moveToReference_40762_1(p_str_TargetID) { footnote_expand_reference_container_40762_1(); var l_obj_Target = jQuery('#' + p_str_TargetID); if (l_obj_Target.length) { jQuery( 'html, body' ).delay( 0 ); jQuery('html, body').animate({ scrollTop: l_obj_Target.offset().top - window.innerHeight * 0.2 }, 380); } } function footnote_moveToAnchor_40762_1(p_str_TargetID) { footnote_expand_reference_container_40762_1(); var l_obj_Target = jQuery('#' + p_str_TargetID); if (l_obj_Target.length) { jQuery( 'html, body' ).delay( 0 ); jQuery('html, body').animate({ scrollTop: l_obj_Target.offset().top - window.innerHeight * 0.2 }, 380); } }<\/script>","protected":false},"featured_media":40761,"menu_order":0,"template":"","categories":[12],"tags":[88,331],"class_list":["post-40762","publication","type-publication","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-12","tag-88","tag-331"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ari26.arabregionhub.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/publication\/40762","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ari26.arabregionhub.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/publication"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ari26.arabregionhub.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/publication"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/ari26.arabregionhub.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/publication\/40762\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":41149,"href":"https:\/\/ari26.arabregionhub.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/publication\/40762\/revisions\/41149"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ari26.arabregionhub.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/40761"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ari26.arabregionhub.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=40762"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ari26.arabregionhub.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=40762"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ari26.arabregionhub.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=40762"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}