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class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_38126_1('footnote_plugin_reference_38126_1_1');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_38126_1('footnote_plugin_reference_38126_1_1');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_38126_1_1\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">1<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_38126_1_1\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u00c9rik Neveu, l\u2019analyse des probl\u00e8mes publics un champ d\u2019\u00e9tude interdisciplinaire au c\u0153ur des enjeux sociaux pr\u00e9sents, id\u00e9es \u00e9conomiques et sociales, n\u00b0 190, d\u00e9cembre 2017, p.8.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_38126_1_1').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_38126_1_1', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u0625\u0630 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SAMIR : Le Maroc peut-il exploiter la location et les bas prix du p\u00e9trole pour sauver la raffinerie ? 29 mai 2020. Moroccoworldnews. consult\u00e9 le 13 ao\u00fbt, 2023. <a href=\"https:\/\/bit.ly\/47JGFdo\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/bit.ly\/47JGFdo<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_38126_1_6').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_38126_1_6', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0647\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0634 \u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062e\u0632\u0648\u0646 \u062e\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0644\u062d\u0638\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631. \u0625\u0630 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0633\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0628\u0647\u0629 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href=\"https:\/\/alyaoum24.com\/1690883.html\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/alyaoum24.com\/1690883.html<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_38126_1_9').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_38126_1_9', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> . \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0638\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0628\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 (FSM) -\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0623\u0644\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 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class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_38126_1('footnote_plugin_reference_38126_1_16');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_38126_1('footnote_plugin_reference_38126_1_16');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_38126_1_16\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">16<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_38126_1_16\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Haddad, E. A., Ara\u00fajo, I. F., Chawki, C., El-Mansoum, R., &amp; Masnaoui, M. Analysis of economic and environmental impacts of shutting down the Moroccan Refinery Samir: An interregional input-output approach. Scientific African, 20, 2023.\u200f accessed on 24\/08\/2023, available at: <a href=\"https:\/\/bit.ly\/45nGPWg\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/bit.ly\/45nGPWg<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_38126_1_16').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_38126_1_16', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> <\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0639 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629<\/strong>: \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0628\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0625\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0641\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 &#8220;\u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0631&#8221; 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200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0632\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/strong>: \u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u062a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0632\u0627\u0628 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0634\u062c\u0628 \u0644\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0624 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0644 \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 &#8220;\u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0631&#8221;. \u0641\u0623\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629 (PAM) \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0641\u0627\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0636\u0644\u0627\u064b 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\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a \u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u0627\u064b \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_38126_1('footnote_plugin_reference_38126_1_24');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_38126_1('footnote_plugin_reference_38126_1_24');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_38126_1_24\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">24<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_38126_1_24\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Salaheddine Lemaizi, La SAMIR : Les huit revendications du Front de sauvegarde. ENASS, 1 Ao\u00fbt 2023. consult\u00e9 le 24 ao\u00fbt, 2023. <a href=\"https:\/\/bit.ly\/3P9IYzn\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/bit.ly\/3P9IYzn<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_38126_1_24').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_38126_1_24', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u064a<\/strong>: \u0641\u064a \u0636\u0648\u0621 \u062a\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062a \u062e\u0635\u062e\u0635\u0629 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 &#8220;\u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0631&#8221; \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d \u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u062e\u0635\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0623\u0637\u064a\u0631\u0647 \u0628\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637 \u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u062f\u062e\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635. \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0627\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0628\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629\u060c \u062f\u064f\u0639\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0625\u062f\u062e\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0635\u0641\u0627\u0629 &#8220;\u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0631&#8221; 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Enass. consult\u00e9 le 20 ao\u00fbt, 2023. <a href=\"https:\/\/bit.ly\/3qIprMT\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/bit.ly\/3qIprMT<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_38126_1_26').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_38126_1_26', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> <\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a:<\/strong> \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0645\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0634\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0641\u0627\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0631 (CDG) \u0628\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 21,5 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0631\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062d\u062f\u062f\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0646 80 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0626\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 (16 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0631\u0647\u0645) \u0647\u064a \u0645\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u0627\u064b \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0628 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 (13 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0631\u0647\u0645)\u060c<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_38126_1('footnote_plugin_reference_38126_1_27');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_38126_1('footnote_plugin_reference_38126_1_27');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_38126_1_27\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">27<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_38126_1_27\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Jihane Rahhou, SAMIR Oil Refinery: Morocco\u2019 Government \u2018Hopeful\u2019 to Reach Solution .Apr. 21, 2023. Moroccoworldnews. accessed on 11\/08\/2023, available at: <a href=\"https:\/\/bit.ly\/47HlTLv\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/bit.ly\/47HlTLv<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_38126_1_27').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_38126_1_27', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0641\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 5 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0631\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0628\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u062a\u062d \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u064a \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0631\u0635\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0644\u0625\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0641\u0627\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0632\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0627.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_38126_1('footnote_plugin_reference_38126_1_28');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_38126_1('footnote_plugin_reference_38126_1_28');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_38126_1_28\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">28<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_38126_1_28\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Adama Sylla, La SAMIR. Le Front national pour la sauvegarde de la raffinerie propose une souscription publique via le march\u00e9 boursier. challenge.ma, 30 Juillet 2023. consult\u00e9 le 20 ao\u00fbt, 2023. <a href=\"https:\/\/bit.ly\/3YP294H\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/bit.ly\/3YP294H<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_38126_1_28').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_38126_1_28', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0648\u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0625\u0633\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0641\u0627\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0648\u0642\u0627\u062a\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0642 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position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script><\/p>\n<p>\u0628\u063a\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0635\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631\u062a \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u064f\u0644\u0632\u064e\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0641\u0638 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0636\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062b\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0628\u0631\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0636\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u0643\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645\u064a (L\u2019agenda syst\u00e9mique). \u0641\u0623\u062b\u0628\u062a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u0627\u0637 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0641\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u062a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 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\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0639 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0645\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629&#8221;. \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u063a\u0630\u064a \u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0628\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0645\u0646\u0633\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0641\u0636\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629.<\/p>\n<div class=\"speaker-mute footnotes_reference_container\"> <div class=\"footnote_container_prepare\"><p><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_reference_container_label pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_expand_collapse_reference_container_38126_1();\">Endnotes<\/span><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_reference_container_collapse_button\" style=\"display: none;\" onclick=\"footnote_expand_collapse_reference_container_38126_1();\">[<a id=\"footnote_reference_container_collapse_button_38126_1\">+<\/a>]<\/span><\/p><\/div> <div id=\"footnote_references_container_38126_1\" style=\"\"><table class=\"footnotes_table footnote-reference-container\"><caption class=\"accessibility\">Endnotes<\/caption> <tbody> \r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_38126_1_1\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_38126_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_38126_1_1');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>1<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u00c9rik Neveu, l\u2019analyse des probl\u00e8mes publics un champ d\u2019\u00e9tude interdisciplinaire au c\u0153ur des enjeux sociaux pr\u00e9sents, id\u00e9es \u00e9conomiques et sociales, n\u00b0 190, d\u00e9cembre 2017, p.8.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_38126_1_2\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_38126_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_38126_1_2');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>2<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0628\u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0626\u0646\u0627\u0641 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0635\u0641\u0627\u0629 &#8220;\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0631&#8221;\u060c \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0629\u060c 24 \u062a\u0645\u0648\u0632\/\u064a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0632 2023. \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649: <a href=\"https:\/\/bit.ly\/45kY2Qp\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/bit.ly\/45kY2Qp<\/span><\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_38126_1_3\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_38126_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_38126_1_3');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>3<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Avis du Conseil de la Concurrence n\u00b0 1\/A\/19 du jeudi 14 f\u00e9vrier 2019, p.13. consult\u00e9 le 20 ao\u00fbt, 2023.\u00a0 <a href=\"https:\/\/bit.ly\/3QSSkRh\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/bit.ly\/3QSSkRh<\/span><\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_38126_1_4\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_38126_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_38126_1_4');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>4<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Younes Saoury, La fermeture de la SAMIR serait une erreur strat\u00e9gique\u201d selon l&#8217;Agence internationale de l&#8217;\u00e9nergie. TELQUEL. 14 mai 2019. consult\u00e9 le 27 Juillet, 2023. <a href=\"https:\/\/bit.ly\/3soVban\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/bit.ly\/3soVban<\/span><\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_38126_1_5\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_38126_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_38126_1_5');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>5<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Saeeda malih, SAMIR refinery: The pride of Moroccan industry turns into a financial disaster, raseef22. 20 January 2023. accessed on 09\/08\/2023, available at: <a href=\"https:\/\/bit.ly\/3E8cTRZ\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/bit.ly\/3E8cTRZ<\/span><\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_38126_1_6\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_38126_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_38126_1_6');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>6<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Madeleine Handaji. SAMIR : Le Maroc peut-il exploiter la location et les bas prix du p\u00e9trole pour sauver la raffinerie ? 29 mai 2020. Moroccoworldnews. consult\u00e9 le 13 ao\u00fbt, 2023. <a href=\"https:\/\/bit.ly\/47JGFdo\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/bit.ly\/47JGFdo<\/span><\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_38126_1_7\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_38126_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_38126_1_7');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>7<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0644\u062d\u0645\u064a\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0644&#8230; \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062e\u0633\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0648\u0642\u0641 &#8220;\u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0631&#8221;. \u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0623\u0646\u0641\u0648. \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0627\u0621 22 \u0646\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0646\/\u0623\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0644 2020. \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ahdath.info\/ampArticle\/53940\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/www.ahdath.info\/ampArticle\/53940<\/span><\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_38126_1_8\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_38126_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_38126_1_8');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>8<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0631\u0623\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0642\u064a\u0641 \u0647\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0634 \u0631\u0628\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0648\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629\u060c 2019. \u0635 17.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_38126_1_9\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_38126_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_38126_1_9');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>9<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0634\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u062e\u0633\u0627\u0633\u060c \u0648\u0642\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0636\u062f \u063a\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0648\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0628\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 &#8220;\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0631&#8221;\u060c \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 24\u060c 20 \u062d\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646\/\u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648 2022. \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649: <a href=\"https:\/\/alyaoum24.com\/1690883.html\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/alyaoum24.com\/1690883.html<\/span><\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_38126_1_10\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_38126_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_38126_1_10');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>10<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0632\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0628\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0630 &#8220;\u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0631&#8221;: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0641\u0627\u0629 \u0642\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0628\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0626\u0646\u0627\u0641 \u062a\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0644. \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u064a\u0633. \u0641\u064a 4 \u0646\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0646\/\u0623\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0644 2023. \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649: <a href=\"https:\/\/bit.ly\/45l3t1L\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/bit.ly\/45l3t1L<\/span><\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_38126_1_11\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_38126_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_38126_1_11');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>11<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">El Mehdi Berrada, Samir : retour sur la plus grosse faillite de l\u2019histoire du Maroc. Jeuneafrique. le 27 mai 2020. consult\u00e9 le 22 ao\u00fbt, 2023. <a href=\"https:\/\/bit.ly\/3qL3KMi\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/bit.ly\/3qL3KMi<\/span><\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_38126_1_12\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_38126_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_38126_1_12');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>12<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Noureddine Radouai, Calls rise to reactivate Morocco\u2019s only refinery as oil prices soar, al-monitor. June 10, 2022, accessed on 23\/08\/2023, available at :<a href=\"https:\/\/bit.ly\/3spkqJM\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/bit.ly\/3spkqJM<\/span><\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_38126_1_13\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_38126_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_38126_1_13');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>13<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0648\u060c \u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0634\u063a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0644\u061f \u0633\u0643\u0627\u064a \u0646\u064a\u0648\u0632 \u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629. 12 \u0623\u064a\u0627\u0631\/\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0648 2022 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649: <a href=\"https:\/\/bit.ly\/45ZPePV\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/bit.ly\/45ZPePV<\/span><\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_38126_1_14\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_38126_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_38126_1_14');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>14<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0641\u0649 \u0642\u0645\u0627\u0633\u060c \u062a\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0635\u0641\u0627\u0629 \u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641 \u063a\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u060c 25 \u062a\u0645\u0648\u0632\/\u064a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0632 2022\u060c \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649:\u00a0 <a href=\"https:\/\/bit.ly\/45n2Ww3\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/bit.ly\/45n2Ww3<\/span><\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_38126_1_15\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_38126_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_38126_1_15');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>15<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0631 \u0646\u0635\u0631\u060c \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0635\u0641\u0627\u0629 \u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0636\u0639 \u062d\u0644\u064b\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0648\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 (\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631)\u060c \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629. 07 \u0622\u0630\u0627\u0631\/\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 2023\u060c \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649: \u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/bit.ly\/3PaA1Wz\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/bit.ly\/3PaA1Wz<\/span><\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_38126_1_16\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_38126_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_38126_1_16');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>16<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Haddad, E. A., Ara\u00fajo, I. F., Chawki, C., El-Mansoum, R., &amp; Masnaoui, M. Analysis of economic and environmental impacts of shutting down the Moroccan Refinery Samir: An interregional input-output approach. Scientific African, 20, 2023.\u200f accessed on 24\/08\/2023, available at: <a href=\"https:\/\/bit.ly\/45nGPWg\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/bit.ly\/45nGPWg<\/span><\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_38126_1_17\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_38126_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_38126_1_17');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>17<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0641\u0627\u0637\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0647\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0645\u060c \u062a\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u062d\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0645\u0635\u0641\u0627\u0629 &#8220;\u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0631&#8221; \u064a\u0636\u0639 \u0628\u0646\u0639\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u0645\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a. \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u060c 20 \u062a\u0645\u0648\u0632\/\u064a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0648 2022. \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649:\u00a0 <a href=\"https:\/\/al3omk.com\/764751.html\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/al3omk.com\/764751.html<\/span><\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_38126_1_18\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_38126_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_38126_1_18');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>18<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Ayoub lahrech, Le\u00efla Benali : Le raffinage de p\u00e9trole ne fait pas partie des piliers de la strat\u00e9gie nationale de l\u2019\u00e9nergie, 18 juillet 2022. consult\u00e9 le 24 ao\u00fbt, 2023. <a href=\"https:\/\/bit.ly\/3smbrJb\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/bit.ly\/3smbrJb<\/span><\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_38126_1_19\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_38126_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_38126_1_19');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>19<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Safae Hadri, La SAMIR objet de toutes les surench\u00e8res : entre choix de soci\u00e9t\u00e9 et r\u00e9alit\u00e9 \u00e9conomique, le360. 16\/06\/2023. Consult\u00e9 le 22 ao\u00fbt, 2023. <a href=\"https:\/\/bit.ly\/3ORcjx9\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/bit.ly\/3ORcjx9<\/span><\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_38126_1_20\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_38126_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_38126_1_20');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>20<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0645\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u062a\u0641\u0648\u064a\u062a \u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 05 \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e 05\/01\/2021. \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649:\u00a0 <a href=\"https:\/\/bit.ly\/44oYAn0\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/bit.ly\/44oYAn0<\/span><\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_38126_1_21\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_38126_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_38126_1_21');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>21<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0645\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0625\u062f\u062e\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0628\u060c \u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 255 \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e 08\/02\/2021. \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649:\u00a0 <a href=\"https:\/\/bit.ly\/3smchWl\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/bit.ly\/3smchWl<\/span><\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_38126_1_22\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_38126_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_38126_1_22');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>22<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0648\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0631. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0628\u060c 28 \u0634\u0628\u0627\u0637\/\u0641\u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0631 2018\u060c \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649:\u00a0 <a href=\"https:\/\/bit.ly\/3OIjurk\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/bit.ly\/3OIjurk<\/span><\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_38126_1_23\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_38126_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_38126_1_23');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>23<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0641\u0649 \u0642\u0645\u0627\u0633\u060c \u062a\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0635\u0641\u0627\u0629 \u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641 \u063a\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_38126_1_24\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_38126_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_38126_1_24');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>24<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Salaheddine Lemaizi, La SAMIR : Les huit revendications du Front de sauvegarde. ENASS, 1 Ao\u00fbt 2023. consult\u00e9 le 24 ao\u00fbt, 2023. <a href=\"https:\/\/bit.ly\/3P9IYzn\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/bit.ly\/3P9IYzn<\/span><\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_38126_1_25\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_38126_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_38126_1_25');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>25<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0631\u0642\u0645 50.21 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0628\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0647\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0631\u0642\u0645 1.21.89 \u0641\u064a 15 \u0630\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0629 1442 (26 \u062a\u0645\u0648\u0632\/\u064a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0648 2021) \u062c\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u062f\u062f 7007\u060c \u0635 5687. \u00a0\u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649: <a href=\"https:\/\/bit.ly\/47OZA6T\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/bit.ly\/47OZA6T<\/span><\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_38126_1_26\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_38126_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_38126_1_26');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>26<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Salaheddine Lemaizi, La SAMIR : Les ouvriers face au lobby p\u00e9trolier. 23 F\u00e9vrier 2023. Enass. consult\u00e9 le 20 ao\u00fbt, 2023. <a href=\"https:\/\/bit.ly\/3qIprMT\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/bit.ly\/3qIprMT<\/span><\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_38126_1_27\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_38126_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_38126_1_27');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>27<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Jihane Rahhou, SAMIR Oil Refinery: Morocco\u2019 Government \u2018Hopeful\u2019 to Reach Solution .Apr. 21, 2023. Moroccoworldnews. accessed on 11\/08\/2023, available at: <a href=\"https:\/\/bit.ly\/47HlTLv\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/bit.ly\/47HlTLv<\/span><\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_38126_1_28\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_38126_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_38126_1_28');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>28<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Adama Sylla, La SAMIR. Le Front national pour la sauvegarde de la raffinerie propose une souscription publique via le march\u00e9 boursier. challenge.ma, 30 Juillet 2023. consult\u00e9 le 20 ao\u00fbt, 2023. <a href=\"https:\/\/bit.ly\/3YP294H\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/bit.ly\/3YP294H<\/span><\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_38126_1_29\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_38126_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_38126_1_29');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>29<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0627\u062d \u062a\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0641\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u060c \u0647\u0633\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0633\u060c 5 \u062d\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646\/\u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648 2022\u060c \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649:\u00a0 <a href=\"https:\/\/bit.ly\/45peUp2\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/bit.ly\/45peUp2<\/span><\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_38126_1_30\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_38126_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_38126_1_30');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>30<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u062a\u0635\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u062a\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 35\u060c 6 \u0622\u0628\/\u063a\u0634\u062a 2023. \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649: <a href=\"https:\/\/bit.ly\/47M88uX\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/bit.ly\/47M88uX<\/span><\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_38126_1_31\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_38126_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_38126_1_31');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>31<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0633\u0643\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0642\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u064a\u0646\u0630\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0647\u0633\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0633\u060c 5 \u0622\u0630\u0627\u0631\/\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 2023. \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649: <a href=\"https:\/\/bit.ly\/44k3Acp\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/bit.ly\/44k3Acp<\/span><\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n <\/tbody> <\/table> <\/div><\/div><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> function footnote_expand_reference_container_38126_1() { jQuery('#footnote_references_container_38126_1').show(); 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