{"id":37231,"date":"2025-04-11T09:31:24","date_gmt":"2025-04-11T07:31:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ari26.arabregionhub.net\/?post_type=publication&#038;p=37231"},"modified":"2025-04-12T15:13:57","modified_gmt":"2025-04-12T13:13:57","slug":"%d8%a3%d8%b5%d9%88%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%ba%d9%8a%d8%b1-%d8%a3%d8%ae%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%82%d9%8a%d8%a9%d8%8c-%d8%a3%d8%ac%d8%b3%d8%a7%d8%af-%d8%ba%d9%8a%d8%b1-%d8%a3%d8%ae%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%82%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a5","status":"publish","type":"publication","link":"https:\/\/ari26.arabregionhub.net\/ar\/publication\/%d8%a3%d8%b5%d9%88%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%ba%d9%8a%d8%b1-%d8%a3%d8%ae%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%82%d9%8a%d8%a9%d8%8c-%d8%a3%d8%ac%d8%b3%d8%a7%d8%af-%d8%ba%d9%8a%d8%b1-%d8%a3%d8%ae%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%82%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a5\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0623\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0623\u062c\u0633\u0627\u062f \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629: \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u064a 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onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_37231_1('footnote_plugin_reference_37231_1_4');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_37231_1_4\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">4<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_37231_1_4\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Revelo La Rotta, Fernando (2014). <em>&#8220;Are You Gay?&#8221;: A Queer Ethnography of Sex and Sexuality in Cairo.<\/em> Honors thesis, Duke University. Retrieved from <a href=\"https:\/\/hdl.handle.net\/10161\/9190\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/hdl.handle.net\/10161\/9190<\/span><\/a>.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_37231_1_4').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_37231_1_4', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u0644\u0642\u062f \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0644\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0644 \u0634\u064a\u0621 \u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u064a\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0634 \u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0644\u062f\u0647 &#8211; \u0644\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0647\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0639\u0642\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u062f\u0631\u064a\u060c<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_37231_1('footnote_plugin_reference_37231_1_5');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_37231_1('footnote_plugin_reference_37231_1_5');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_37231_1_5\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">5<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_37231_1_5\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Sultan, Azza. 2021. <em>Arab Spring Revolutions: Dreams and Prospects of Political and Social Change for LGBTIQ+ Community (Egypt and Sudan as a Model).<\/em> Tahrir Institute for Middle East Policy, May 4. Retrieved from <span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/timep.org\/reports\/arab-spring-revolutions-dreams-and-prospects-of-political-and-social-change-for-lgbtiq-community-egypt-and-sudan-as-a-model\/.<\/span><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_37231_1_5').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_37231_1_5', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0628\u0631\u0632\u062a \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0643\u062d\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0641\u0635\u0644\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0627\u062a\u062e\u0630 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642 \u0628\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0636\u062e\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0634\u0649 \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629. \u0644\u0642\u062f \u0648\u0642\u0641\u0648\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0628\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636\u0629\u060c \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0643\u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635\u064d \u0643\u0648\u064a\u0631\u064a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u064a\u062f \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064d \u0643\u0648\u064a\u0631\u064a.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_37231_1('footnote_plugin_reference_37231_1_6');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_37231_1('footnote_plugin_reference_37231_1_6');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_37231_1_6\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">6<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_37231_1_6\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Lou Chibbaro Jr., &#8220;Gays in Egypt Join Anti-Gov\u2019t Protests: Activists Hopeful \u2018Revolution\u2019 Will Improve Conditions for LGBT Citizens,&#8221; <em>Washington Blade<\/em>, February 3, 2011, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.washingtonblade.com\/2011\/02\/03\/funeral-of-ugandan-gay-leader-marred-by-hostile-priest\/?utm_source=chatgpt.com\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/www.washingtonblade.com\/2011\/02\/03\/funeral-of-ugandan-gay-leader-marred-by-hostile-priest\/<\/span><\/a>.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_37231_1_6').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_37231_1_6', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0642\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u062d\u0645\u0644\u062a \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0639\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0645\u064a\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0638\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0648\u0647 \u0643\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f\u064d \u0643\u0648\u064a\u0631\u064a\u064a\u0646. \u0641\u064a \u062e\u0636\u0645\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0634\u0643\u0644\u064d \u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645\u064d \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0636\u0627\u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637\u060c \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u062a \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0647\u0627. \u0642\u062f \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0648\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0633\u0644\u0651\u0637\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0648\u063a\u0631\u0633\u062a \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0634\u0639\u0648\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0636\u0627\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0641\u064a 11 \u0623\u064a\u0627\u0631\/\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0648 2001\u060c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641\u062a \u0645\u062f\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629 52 \u0631\u062c\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0632\u0639\u0645 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0644\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0644\u0647\u0649 \u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a \u064a\u062f\u0639\u0649 &#8220;\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0648\u062a&#8221; 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onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_37231_1('footnote_plugin_reference_37231_1_8');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_37231_1('footnote_plugin_reference_37231_1_8');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_37231_1_8\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">8<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_37231_1_8\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Amnesty International, <em>Permanent State of Exception: Abuses by the Supreme State Security Prosecution <\/em>(May 2021), <span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/www.amnesty.org\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/MDE1213992019ENGLISH.pdf.<\/span><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_37231_1_8').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_37231_1_8', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0641\u0631\u0639 \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0640&#8221;\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629&#8221;.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_37231_1('footnote_plugin_reference_37231_1_9');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_37231_1('footnote_plugin_reference_37231_1_9');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_37231_1_9\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">9<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_37231_1_9\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Nora Noralla, <em>Sexually Guilty: Custom Morality and the Persecution of the LGBTQ Community in Egypt: A Study on the Methods Used by the Egyptian State to Persecute Queer Individuals and Its Violations of the Rule of Law and International Human Rights Treaties Backed by Case Law from 2001 to 2021<\/em> (Cairo: Cairo 52 Legal Research Institute, June 7, 2023), <a href=\"https:\/\/cairo52.com\/2023\/06\/07\/sexually-guilty-custom-morality-and-the-persecution-of-the-lgbtq-community-in-egypt\/\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/cairo52.com\/2023\/06\/07\/sexually-guilty-custom-morality-and-the-persecution-of-the-lgbtq-community-in-egypt\/<\/span><\/a>.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_37231_1_9').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_37231_1_9', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0634\u0643\u0644\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 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\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 2003.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_37231_1('footnote_plugin_reference_37231_1_10');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_37231_1('footnote_plugin_reference_37231_1_10');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_37231_1_10\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">10<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_37231_1_10\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Human Rights Watch, <em>In a Time of Torture: The Assault on Justice in Egypt&#8217;s Crackdown on Homosexual Conduct<\/em> (New York: Human Rights Watch, 2004), <span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/www.hrw.org\/sites\/default\/files\/reports\/egypt0304_0.pdf.<\/span><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_37231_1_10').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_37231_1_10', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u0648\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0648\u0645 \u064a\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0641\u0631\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0631\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0631. \u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629\u060c 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id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_37231_1_11\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Egyptian Initiative for Personal Rights, <em>The Trap: Punishing Sexual Difference in Egypt<\/em> (Cairo: Egyptian Initiative for Personal Rights, November 2017), <a href=\"https:\/\/eipr.org\/sites\/default\/files\/reports\/pdf\/the_trap-en.pdf\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/eipr.org\/sites\/default\/files\/reports\/pdf\/the_trap-en.pdf<\/span><\/a>.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_37231_1_11').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_37231_1_11', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0647\u064a \u0641\u0642\u0637 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\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u060c<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_37231_1('footnote_plugin_reference_37231_1_12');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_37231_1('footnote_plugin_reference_37231_1_12');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_37231_1_12\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">12<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_37231_1_12\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Nora Noralla, <em>Sexually Guilty: Custom Morality and the Persecution of the LGBTQ Community in Egypt: A Study on the Methods Used by the Egyptian State to Persecute Queer Individuals and Its Violations of the Rule of Law and International Human Rights Treaties Backed by Case Law from 2001 to 2021<\/em> (Cairo: Cairo 52 Legal Research Institute, June 7, 2023), 27, <a href=\"https:\/\/cairo52.com\/2023\/06\/07\/sexually-guilty-custom-morality-and-the-persecution-of-the-lgbtq-community-in-egypt\/\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/cairo52.com\/2023\/06\/07\/sexually-guilty-custom-morality-and-the-persecution-of-the-lgbtq-community-in-egypt\/<\/span><\/a>.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_37231_1_12').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_37231_1_12', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0635\u062f\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0646\u064a\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062b\u0648\u0630\u0643\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u064a\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0627 \u062d\u062f\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0628\u0640&#8221;\u0628\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0630\u0648\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0633\u064a&#8221;\u060c<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_37231_1('footnote_plugin_reference_37231_1_13');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_37231_1('footnote_plugin_reference_37231_1_13');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_37231_1_13\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">13<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_37231_1_13\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">&#8220;Coptic Church Organizes \u2018Volcano of Homosexuality\u2019 Conference,&#8221; <em>Egypt Independent<\/em>, September 28, 2017, <a href=\"https:\/\/egyptindependent.com\/coptic-church-organizes-volcano-homosexuality-conference\/\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/egyptindependent.com\/coptic-church-organizes-volcano-homosexuality-conference\/<\/span><\/a>.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_37231_1_13').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_37231_1_13', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0623\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0644\/\u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 2017\u060c \u062d\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0640&#8221;\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0644\u064a\u064a\u0646&#8221; \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0623 \u0648\/\u0623\u0648 \u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0629.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_37231_1('footnote_plugin_reference_37231_1_14');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_37231_1('footnote_plugin_reference_37231_1_14');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_37231_1_14\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">14<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_37231_1_14\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f\u060c &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u064a\u062d\u0638\u0631 \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0644\u064a\u064a\u0646&#8221;\u060c <em>\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0639\u060c<\/em> 30 \u00a0\u0623\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0644\/\u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 2017\u060c <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youm7.com\/story\/2017\/9\/30\/3436215\/\u0627\u0623\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0649-\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645-\u064a\u062d\u0638\u0631-\u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631-\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0644\u064a\u064a\u0646\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/www.youm7.com\/story\/2017\/9\/30\/3436215\/\u0627\u0623\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0649-\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645-\u064a\u062d\u0638\u0631-\u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631-\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0644\u064a\u064a\u0646<\/span><\/a>.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_37231_1_14').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_37231_1_14', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script><\/p>\n<h2>\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a 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\u0628\u0639\u062f 11 \u0623\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0644\/ \u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_37231_1('footnote_plugin_reference_37231_1_15');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_37231_1('footnote_plugin_reference_37231_1_15');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_37231_1_15\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">15<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_37231_1_15\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Puar, J. K. (2007). Homonationalism and Biopolitics. In <em>Terrorist assemblages: Homonationalism in queer times<\/em> (pp. 1\u201336). Duke University Press.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_37231_1_15').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_37231_1_15', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u0648\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0633\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0647\u0627\u0645\u0634\u064a\u0629\u064b \u0648\u064a\u064f\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636\u0629\u064c \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0646\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0639\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0643\u0646 \u0642\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u064f\u062e\u062f\u0645\u062a \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0643\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u0634\u0631\u062d \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0644\u064a\u0629&#8221;\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d \u0635\u0627\u063a\u0647 \u062c\u0627\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0631\u060c<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_37231_1('footnote_plugin_reference_37231_1_16');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_37231_1('footnote_plugin_reference_37231_1_16');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_37231_1_16\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">16<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_37231_1_16\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">&#8220;Jasbir Puar is a queer theorist and interdisciplinary scholar whose work bridges queer theory, critical race studies, and postcolonial studies, with a focus on concepts like homonationalism and biopolitics.&#8221;<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_37231_1_16').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_37231_1_16', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0646\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062c\u0632\u0621\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0646\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629. \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0628\u0648\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629\u064b \u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0631 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0647\u0627\u0628&#8221; 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K. (2019). The Post-9\/11 LGBTQ Human Rights Struggle in Egypt (Master\u2019s thesis). <em>City University of New York Academic Works<\/em>. Retrieved from <a href=\"https:\/\/academicworks.cuny.edu\/gc_etds\/3007\/\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/academicworks.cuny.edu\/gc_etds\/3007\/<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_37231_1_17').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_37231_1_17', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0628\u0646\u0651\u062a \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0636\u0639 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u062e\u0627\u0646\u0629\u064d \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0628\u0646\u0651\u062a \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u062a\u0628\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0631\u060c \u0643\u062a\u0643\u062a\u064a\u0643 \u0644\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u062f\u0629\u060c \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0627\u062a &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629&#8221; \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0627\u062a &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0641\u0629&#8221;\u060c<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_37231_1('footnote_plugin_reference_37231_1_18');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_37231_1('footnote_plugin_reference_37231_1_18');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_37231_1_18\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">18<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_37231_1_18\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Abdelhamid, A. (2023). How Best to Be Egyptian? The &#8216;Honorable Citizen&#8217; and the Making of the Counter-Revolutionary Subject. <em>International Political Sociology<\/em>, 18(2), 203\u2013220. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ips\/olae014\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ips\/olae014<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_37231_1_18').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_37231_1_18', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u0641\u064a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0641 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u0636 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u0631\u0651\u0628&#8221;. \u0648\u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0634\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u0641\u0636 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0630\u0648\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0633\u064a. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0633\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0643\u0633\u064a&#8221;<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_37231_1('footnote_plugin_reference_37231_1_19');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_37231_1('footnote_plugin_reference_37231_1_19');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_37231_1_19\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">19<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_37231_1_19\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Donna K. Huaman, <em>The Post-9\/11 LGBTQ Human Rights Struggle in Egypt<\/em> (Master\u2019s thesis, The Graduate Center, City University of New York, 2019).<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_37231_1_19').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_37231_1_19', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u0643\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0628\u0631\u0647\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0623\u0643\u064a\u062f \u0633\u064a\u0627\u062f\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_37231_1('footnote_plugin_reference_37231_1_20');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_37231_1('footnote_plugin_reference_37231_1_20');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_37231_1_20\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">20<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_37231_1_20\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Huaman, D. K. (2019). The Post-9\/11 LGBTQ Human Rights Struggle in Egypt (Master\u2019s thesis). <em>City University of New York Academic Works<\/em>. Retrieved from <a href=\"https:\/\/academicworks.cuny.edu\/gc_etds\/3007\/\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/academicworks.cuny.edu\/gc_etds\/3007\/<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_37231_1_20').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_37231_1_20', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0633\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0643\u0633\u064a&#8221; \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u062a\u0628\u062a \u0647\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629&#8221; \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062d\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0641\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0644\u064a\u064a\u0646.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_37231_1('footnote_plugin_reference_37231_1_21');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_37231_1('footnote_plugin_reference_37231_1_21');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_37231_1_21\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">21<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_37231_1_21\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Donna K. 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\u0645\u0631\u0633\u064a\u060c<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_37231_1('footnote_plugin_reference_37231_1_22');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_37231_1('footnote_plugin_reference_37231_1_22');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_37231_1_22\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">22<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_37231_1_22\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">El Hady, Ahmed. 2019. <em>The Crisis of LGBTQ Communities in Egypt: Questions for Ahmed El Hady. <\/em>The Century Foundation, May 2. <span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/tcf.org\/content\/report\/crisis-lgbtq-communities-egypt-questions-ahmed-el-hady\/.<\/span><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_37231_1_22').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_37231_1_22', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 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2001. \u0641\u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0647\u064a\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0631\u0627\u064a\u062a\u0633 \u0648\u0648\u062a\u0634 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2004\u060c \u0648\u0642\u0639\u062a \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0642\u0627\u0639 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062e \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\/\u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0631 2001\u060c \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0631\u062c \u0631\u062c\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0631\u062c\u0644 \u064a\u062f\u0651\u0639\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0633\u0627\u0626\u062d \u0633\u0648\u064a\u0633\u0631\u064a\u060c<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_37231_1('footnote_plugin_reference_37231_1_23');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_37231_1('footnote_plugin_reference_37231_1_23');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_37231_1_23\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">23<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_37231_1_23\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Human Rights Watch, <em>In a Time of Torture: The Assault on Justice in Egypt&#8217;s Crackdown on Homosexual Conduct<\/em> (New York: Human Rights Watch, 2004), <span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/www.hrw.org\/sites\/default\/files\/reports\/egypt0304_0.pdf.<\/span><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_37231_1_23').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_37231_1_23', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f 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onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_37231_1('footnote_plugin_reference_37231_1_27');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_37231_1('footnote_plugin_reference_37231_1_27');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_37231_1_27\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">27<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_37231_1_27\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Leo Bersani, <em>Homos <\/em>(Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1995).<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_37231_1_27').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_37231_1_27', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 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onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_37231_1('footnote_plugin_reference_37231_1_29');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_37231_1('footnote_plugin_reference_37231_1_29');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_37231_1_29\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">29<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_37231_1_29\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Kuntsman (2009, ix), page 4, in Abdelhamid, A. (2023). How Best to Be Egyptian? The &#8216;Honorable Citizen&#8217; and the Making of the Counter-Revolutionary Subject. <em>International Political Sociology<\/em>, 18(2), 203\u2013220. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ips\/olae014\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ips\/olae014<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_37231_1_29').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_37231_1_29', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u062a\u064f\u0644\u0642\u0649 \u0643\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0627\u062a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0635 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0626\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u062c\u0633\u062f\u0648\u0646 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onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_37231_1('footnote_plugin_reference_37231_1_30');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_37231_1('footnote_plugin_reference_37231_1_30');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_37231_1_30\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">30<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_37231_1_30\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Acconcia, Giuseppe, Aurora Perego, and Lorenza Perini. 2022. \u201cLGBTQ Activism in Repressive Contexts: The Struggle for (in)Visibility in Egypt, Tunisia and Turkey.\u201d <em>Social Movement Studies <\/em>23 (2): 207\u201325. doi:10.1080\/14742837.2022.2070739.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_37231_1_30').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_37231_1_30', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u0641\u064a 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id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_37231_1_31\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">31<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_37231_1_31\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">RFI (2020). <em>Egyptian LGBTQ activist, who dared to raise the pride flag, takes her own life<\/em>. Radio France Internationale. Retrieved from <a href=\"https:\/\/www.rfi.fr\/en\/africa\/20200618-egypt-lgbtq-activist-sarah-hegazi-suicide-gay-rights-repression-al-sissi\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/www.rfi.fr\/en\/africa\/20200618-egypt-lgbtq-activist-sarah-hegazi-suicide-gay-rights-repression-al-sissi<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_37231_1_31').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_37231_1_31', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0631\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0643\u0631\u0649 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u060c \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0642\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629. \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0646\u0636\u0627\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627\u060c<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_37231_1('footnote_plugin_reference_37231_1_32');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_37231_1('footnote_plugin_reference_37231_1_32');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_37231_1_32\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">32<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_37231_1_32\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Chamas, L., &amp; Allouche, L. (2020). 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\u0646\u0627\u062c\u062d&#8221;.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_37231_1('footnote_plugin_reference_37231_1_34');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_37231_1('footnote_plugin_reference_37231_1_34');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_37231_1_34\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">34<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_37231_1_34\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">El Hady, Ahmed. 2019. <em>The Crisis of LGBTQ Communities in Egypt: Questions for Ahmed El Hady. <\/em>The Century Foundation, May 2. <span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/tcf.org\/content\/report\/crisis-lgbtq-communities-egypt-questions-ahmed-el-hady\/.<\/span><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_37231_1_34').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_37231_1_34', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 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onclick=\"footnote_expand_collapse_reference_container_37231_1();\">Endnotes<\/span><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_reference_container_collapse_button\" style=\"display: none;\" onclick=\"footnote_expand_collapse_reference_container_37231_1();\">[<a id=\"footnote_reference_container_collapse_button_37231_1\">+<\/a>]<\/span><\/p><\/div> <div id=\"footnote_references_container_37231_1\" style=\"\"><table class=\"footnotes_table footnote-reference-container\"><caption class=\"accessibility\">Endnotes<\/caption> <tbody> \r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_37231_1_1\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_37231_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_37231_1_1');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>1<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0623\u0637\u064a\u0627\u0641\u060c &#8220;\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0636 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0644\u064a\u064a\u0646&#8221;. 5 \u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\/\u0623\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0631 2022.<span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/atyaf.org\/news\/3004\/<\/span><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_37231_1_2\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_37231_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_37231_1_2');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>2<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0631\u0642\u0645 10\/1961\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0627\u0641\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0625\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0648\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 (1958-1961)\u060c eipr.org.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_37231_1_3\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_37231_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_37231_1_3');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>3<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Acconcia, Giuseppe, Aurora Perego, and Lorenza Perini. 2022. \u201cLGBTQ Activism in Repressive Contexts: The Struggle for (in)Visibility in Egypt, Tunisia and Turkey.\u201d <em>Social Movement Studies <\/em>23 (2): 207\u201325. doi:10.1080\/14742837.2022.2070739.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_37231_1_4\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_37231_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_37231_1_4');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>4<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Revelo La Rotta, Fernando (2014). <em>&#8220;Are You Gay?&#8221;: A Queer Ethnography of Sex and Sexuality in Cairo.<\/em> Honors thesis, Duke University. Retrieved from <a href=\"https:\/\/hdl.handle.net\/10161\/9190\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/hdl.handle.net\/10161\/9190<\/span><\/a>.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_37231_1_5\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_37231_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_37231_1_5');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>5<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Sultan, Azza. 2021. <em>Arab Spring Revolutions: Dreams and Prospects of Political and Social Change for LGBTIQ+ Community (Egypt and Sudan as a Model).<\/em> Tahrir Institute for Middle East Policy, May 4. Retrieved from <span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/timep.org\/reports\/arab-spring-revolutions-dreams-and-prospects-of-political-and-social-change-for-lgbtiq-community-egypt-and-sudan-as-a-model\/.<\/span><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_37231_1_6\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_37231_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_37231_1_6');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>6<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Lou Chibbaro Jr., &#8220;Gays in Egypt Join Anti-Gov\u2019t Protests: Activists Hopeful \u2018Revolution\u2019 Will Improve Conditions for LGBT Citizens,&#8221; <em>Washington Blade<\/em>, February 3, 2011, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.washingtonblade.com\/2011\/02\/03\/funeral-of-ugandan-gay-leader-marred-by-hostile-priest\/?utm_source=chatgpt.com\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/www.washingtonblade.com\/2011\/02\/03\/funeral-of-ugandan-gay-leader-marred-by-hostile-priest\/<\/span><\/a>.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_37231_1_7\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_37231_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_37231_1_7');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>7<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">&#8220;\u064a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 10\/1961 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062c\u0631\u064a\u0645\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u064a\u0644: \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0632\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062c\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062c\u0648\u0631. (\u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 &#8220;\u0627\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062f\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0641\u062c\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u064a\u0631 &#8211; \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u062f\u0629 &#8211; \u0641\u064a\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0644\u0648 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0643\u0628\u062a \u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u0637&#8221;). \u0648\u062a\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0643\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0639\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0627 (&#8220;\u0625\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 &#8230; \u0628\u0633\u0639\u0631 \u0641\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629&#8221;)\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 339 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a. \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 10\/1961: \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0627 \u062c\u0631\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u062e\u0636\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0643\u0628\u062a \u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062e\u0636\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u062c\u0646 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0643\u0628\u062a \u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062e\u0645\u0633 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644. \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u064a\u0636 \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u063a\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u062c\u0648\u0631 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u062c\u0631\u064a\u0645\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649&#8221;. \u0645\u0642\u062a\u0628\u0633 \u0645\u0646 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.hrw.org\/reports\/2004\/egypt0304\/9.htm#:~=Law%2010%2F1961%20on%20combating,even%20if%20only%20committed%20once\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/www.hrw.org\/reports\/2004\/egypt0304\/9.htm#:~=Law%2010%2F1961%20on%20combating,even%20if%20only%20committed%20once<\/span><\/a>.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_37231_1_8\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_37231_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_37231_1_8');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>8<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Amnesty International, <em>Permanent State of Exception: Abuses by the Supreme State Security Prosecution <\/em>(May 2021), <span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/www.amnesty.org\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/MDE1213992019ENGLISH.pdf.<\/span><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_37231_1_9\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_37231_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_37231_1_9');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>9<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Nora Noralla, <em>Sexually Guilty: Custom Morality and the Persecution of the LGBTQ Community in Egypt: A Study on the Methods Used by the Egyptian State to Persecute Queer Individuals and Its Violations of the Rule of Law and International Human Rights Treaties Backed by Case Law from 2001 to 2021<\/em> (Cairo: Cairo 52 Legal Research Institute, June 7, 2023), <a href=\"https:\/\/cairo52.com\/2023\/06\/07\/sexually-guilty-custom-morality-and-the-persecution-of-the-lgbtq-community-in-egypt\/\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/cairo52.com\/2023\/06\/07\/sexually-guilty-custom-morality-and-the-persecution-of-the-lgbtq-community-in-egypt\/<\/span><\/a>.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_37231_1_10\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_37231_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_37231_1_10');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>10<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Human Rights Watch, <em>In a Time of Torture: The Assault on Justice in Egypt&#8217;s Crackdown on Homosexual Conduct<\/em> (New York: Human Rights Watch, 2004), <span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/www.hrw.org\/sites\/default\/files\/reports\/egypt0304_0.pdf.<\/span><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_37231_1_11\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_37231_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_37231_1_11');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>11<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Egyptian Initiative for Personal Rights, <em>The Trap: Punishing Sexual Difference in Egypt<\/em> (Cairo: Egyptian Initiative for Personal Rights, November 2017), <a href=\"https:\/\/eipr.org\/sites\/default\/files\/reports\/pdf\/the_trap-en.pdf\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/eipr.org\/sites\/default\/files\/reports\/pdf\/the_trap-en.pdf<\/span><\/a>.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_37231_1_12\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_37231_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_37231_1_12');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>12<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Nora Noralla, <em>Sexually Guilty: Custom Morality and the Persecution of the LGBTQ Community in Egypt: A Study on the Methods Used by the Egyptian State to Persecute Queer Individuals and Its Violations of the Rule of Law and International Human Rights Treaties Backed by Case Law from 2001 to 2021<\/em> (Cairo: Cairo 52 Legal Research Institute, June 7, 2023), 27, <a href=\"https:\/\/cairo52.com\/2023\/06\/07\/sexually-guilty-custom-morality-and-the-persecution-of-the-lgbtq-community-in-egypt\/\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/cairo52.com\/2023\/06\/07\/sexually-guilty-custom-morality-and-the-persecution-of-the-lgbtq-community-in-egypt\/<\/span><\/a>.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_37231_1_13\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_37231_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_37231_1_13');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>13<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">&#8220;Coptic Church Organizes \u2018Volcano of Homosexuality\u2019 Conference,&#8221; <em>Egypt Independent<\/em>, September 28, 2017, <a href=\"https:\/\/egyptindependent.com\/coptic-church-organizes-volcano-homosexuality-conference\/\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/egyptindependent.com\/coptic-church-organizes-volcano-homosexuality-conference\/<\/span><\/a>.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_37231_1_14\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_37231_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_37231_1_14');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>14<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f\u060c &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u064a\u062d\u0638\u0631 \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0644\u064a\u064a\u0646&#8221;\u060c <em>\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0639\u060c<\/em> 30 \u00a0\u0623\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0644\/\u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 2017\u060c <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youm7.com\/story\/2017\/9\/30\/3436215\/\u0627\u0623\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0649-\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645-\u064a\u062d\u0638\u0631-\u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631-\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0644\u064a\u064a\u0646\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/www.youm7.com\/story\/2017\/9\/30\/3436215\/\u0627\u0623\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0649-\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645-\u064a\u062d\u0638\u0631-\u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631-\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0644\u064a\u064a\u0646<\/span><\/a>.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_37231_1_15\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_37231_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_37231_1_15');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>15<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Puar, J. K. (2007). Homonationalism and Biopolitics. In <em>Terrorist assemblages: Homonationalism in queer times<\/em> (pp. 1\u201336). Duke University Press.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_37231_1_16\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_37231_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_37231_1_16');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>16<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">&#8220;Jasbir Puar is a queer theorist and interdisciplinary scholar whose work bridges queer theory, critical race studies, and postcolonial studies, with a focus on concepts like homonationalism and biopolitics.&#8221;<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_37231_1_17\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_37231_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_37231_1_17');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>17<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Huaman, D. K. (2019). The Post-9\/11 LGBTQ Human Rights Struggle in Egypt (Master\u2019s thesis). <em>City University of New York Academic Works<\/em>. Retrieved from <a href=\"https:\/\/academicworks.cuny.edu\/gc_etds\/3007\/\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/academicworks.cuny.edu\/gc_etds\/3007\/<\/span><\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_37231_1_18\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_37231_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_37231_1_18');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>18<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Abdelhamid, A. (2023). How Best to Be Egyptian? The &#8216;Honorable Citizen&#8217; and the Making of the Counter-Revolutionary Subject. <em>International Political Sociology<\/em>, 18(2), 203\u2013220. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ips\/olae014\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ips\/olae014<\/span><\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_37231_1_19\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_37231_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_37231_1_19');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>19<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Donna K. Huaman, <em>The Post-9\/11 LGBTQ Human Rights Struggle in Egypt<\/em> (Master\u2019s thesis, The Graduate Center, City University of New York, 2019).<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_37231_1_20\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_37231_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_37231_1_20');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>20<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Huaman, D. K. (2019). The Post-9\/11 LGBTQ Human Rights Struggle in Egypt (Master\u2019s thesis). <em>City University of New York Academic Works<\/em>. Retrieved from <a href=\"https:\/\/academicworks.cuny.edu\/gc_etds\/3007\/\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/academicworks.cuny.edu\/gc_etds\/3007\/<\/span><\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_37231_1_21\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_37231_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_37231_1_21');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>21<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Donna K. Huaman, <em>The Post-9\/11 LGBTQ Human Rights Struggle in Egypt<\/em> (Master\u2019s thesis, The Graduate Center, City University of New York, 2019), 4.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_37231_1_22\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_37231_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_37231_1_22');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>22<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">El Hady, Ahmed. 2019. <em>The Crisis of LGBTQ Communities in Egypt: Questions for Ahmed El Hady. <\/em>The Century Foundation, May 2. <span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/tcf.org\/content\/report\/crisis-lgbtq-communities-egypt-questions-ahmed-el-hady\/.<\/span><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_37231_1_23\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_37231_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_37231_1_23');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>23<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Human Rights Watch, <em>In a Time of Torture: The Assault on Justice in Egypt&#8217;s Crackdown on Homosexual Conduct<\/em> (New York: Human Rights Watch, 2004), <span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/www.hrw.org\/sites\/default\/files\/reports\/egypt0304_0.pdf.<\/span><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_37231_1_24\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_37231_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_37231_1_24');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>24<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Nora Noralla, <em>Sexually Guilty: Custom Morality and the Persecution of the LGBTQ Community in Egypt: A Study on the Methods Used by the Egyptian State to Persecute Queer Individuals and Its Violations of the Rule of Law and International Human Rights Treaties Backed by Case Law from 2001 to 2021 <\/em>(Cairo: Cairo 52 Legal Research Institute, June 7, 2023), 27, <span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/cairo52.com\/2023\/06\/07\/sexually-guilty-custom-morality-and-the-persecution-of-the-lgbtq-community-in-egypt\/.<\/span><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_37231_1_25\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_37231_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_37231_1_25');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>25<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0648\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0648 \u0632\u0648\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0644\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0642\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u062d\u062f\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2014.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_37231_1_26\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_37231_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_37231_1_26');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>26<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Nora Noralla, <em>Sexually Guilty: Custom Morality and the Persecution of the LGBTQ Community in Egypt: A Study on the Methods Used by the Egyptian State to Persecute Queer Individuals and Its Violations of the Rule of Law and International Human Rights Treaties Backed by Case Law from 2001 to 2021 <\/em>(Cairo: Cairo 52 Legal Research Institute, June 7, 2023), 27, <span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/cairo52.com\/2023\/06\/07\/sexually-guilty-custom-morality-and-the-persecution-of-the-lgbtq-community-in-egypt\/<\/span><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_37231_1_27\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_37231_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_37231_1_27');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>27<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Leo Bersani, <em>Homos <\/em>(Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1995).<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_37231_1_28\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_37231_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_37231_1_28');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>28<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Leo Bersani, <em>Homos<\/em> (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1995), 7.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_37231_1_29\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_37231_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_37231_1_29');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>29<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Kuntsman (2009, ix), page 4, in Abdelhamid, A. (2023). How Best to Be Egyptian? The &#8216;Honorable Citizen&#8217; and the Making of the Counter-Revolutionary Subject. <em>International Political Sociology<\/em>, 18(2), 203\u2013220. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ips\/olae014\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ips\/olae014<\/span><\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_37231_1_30\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_37231_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_37231_1_30');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>30<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Acconcia, Giuseppe, Aurora Perego, and Lorenza Perini. 2022. \u201cLGBTQ Activism in Repressive Contexts: The Struggle for (in)Visibility in Egypt, Tunisia and Turkey.\u201d <em>Social Movement Studies <\/em>23 (2): 207\u201325. doi:10.1080\/14742837.2022.2070739.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_37231_1_31\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_37231_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_37231_1_31');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>31<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">RFI (2020). <em>Egyptian LGBTQ activist, who dared to raise the pride flag, takes her own life<\/em>. Radio France Internationale. Retrieved from <a href=\"https:\/\/www.rfi.fr\/en\/africa\/20200618-egypt-lgbtq-activist-sarah-hegazi-suicide-gay-rights-repression-al-sissi\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/www.rfi.fr\/en\/africa\/20200618-egypt-lgbtq-activist-sarah-hegazi-suicide-gay-rights-repression-al-sissi<\/span><\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_37231_1_32\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_37231_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_37231_1_32');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>32<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Chamas, L., &amp; Allouche, L. (2020). Mourning Sarah Hegazi: Grief and the Cultivation of Queer Arabness. <em>Journal of Middle East Women&#8217;s Studies<\/em>, 16(3), 254\u2013272. <span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1215\/15525864-8645299<\/span><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_37231_1_33\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_37231_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_37231_1_33');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>33<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Leo Bersani, <em>Homos <\/em>(Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1995).<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_37231_1_34\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_37231_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_37231_1_34');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>34<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">El Hady, Ahmed. 2019. <em>The Crisis of LGBTQ Communities in Egypt: Questions for Ahmed El Hady. <\/em>The Century Foundation, May 2. <span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/tcf.org\/content\/report\/crisis-lgbtq-communities-egypt-questions-ahmed-el-hady\/.<\/span><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n <\/tbody> <\/table> <\/div><\/div><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> function footnote_expand_reference_container_37231_1() { jQuery('#footnote_references_container_37231_1').show(); jQuery('#footnote_reference_container_collapse_button_37231_1').text('\u2212'); } function footnote_collapse_reference_container_37231_1() { jQuery('#footnote_references_container_37231_1').hide(); jQuery('#footnote_reference_container_collapse_button_37231_1').text('+'); } function footnote_expand_collapse_reference_container_37231_1() { if (jQuery('#footnote_references_container_37231_1').is(':hidden')) { footnote_expand_reference_container_37231_1(); } else { footnote_collapse_reference_container_37231_1(); } } function footnote_moveToReference_37231_1(p_str_TargetID) { footnote_expand_reference_container_37231_1(); var l_obj_Target = jQuery('#' + p_str_TargetID); if (l_obj_Target.length) { jQuery( 'html, body' ).delay( 0 ); jQuery('html, body').animate({ scrollTop: l_obj_Target.offset().top - window.innerHeight * 0.2 }, 380); } } function footnote_moveToAnchor_37231_1(p_str_TargetID) { footnote_expand_reference_container_37231_1(); var l_obj_Target = jQuery('#' + p_str_TargetID); if (l_obj_Target.length) { jQuery( 'html, body' ).delay( 0 ); jQuery('html, body').animate({ scrollTop: l_obj_Target.offset().top - window.innerHeight * 0.2 }, 380); } }<\/script>","protected":false},"featured_media":37228,"menu_order":0,"template":"","categories":[22],"tags":[222,633,68],"class_list":["post-37231","publication","type-publication","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-22","tag-222","tag-633","tag-68"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ari26.arabregionhub.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/publication\/37231","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ari26.arabregionhub.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/publication"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ari26.arabregionhub.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/publication"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/ari26.arabregionhub.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/publication\/37231\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":37315,"href":"https:\/\/ari26.arabregionhub.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/publication\/37231\/revisions\/37315"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ari26.arabregionhub.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/37228"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ari26.arabregionhub.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=37231"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ari26.arabregionhub.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=37231"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ari26.arabregionhub.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=37231"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}