{"id":36523,"date":"2024-09-13T13:22:23","date_gmt":"2024-09-13T11:22:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ari26.arabregionhub.net\/?post_type=publication&#038;p=36523"},"modified":"2025-03-13T13:26:35","modified_gmt":"2025-03-13T12:26:35","slug":"%d8%aa%d8%b9%d8%b2%d9%8a%d8%b2-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b4%d8%a7%d8%b1%d9%83%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%ac%d8%aa%d9%85%d8%b9%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d9%85%d9%86-%d8%ae%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%84-%d8%aa%d8%b7%d8%a8%d9%8a","status":"publish","type":"publication","link":"https:\/\/ari26.arabregionhub.net\/ar\/publication\/%d8%aa%d8%b9%d8%b2%d9%8a%d8%b2-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b4%d8%a7%d8%b1%d9%83%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%ac%d8%aa%d9%85%d8%b9%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d9%85%d9%86-%d8%ae%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%84-%d8%aa%d8%b7%d8%a8%d9%8a\/","title":{"rendered":"\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 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Discourse<\/em> Vol. 12, no. 3-4, September 2022, pp. 522-36, available at <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1332\/204378921X16348942683000\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1332\/204378921X16348942683000<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_36523_1_1').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_36523_1_1', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script>.\u0641\u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628\u060c \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0651\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0634 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0646\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0627 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\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0633 \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_36523_1('footnote_plugin_reference_36523_1_2');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_36523_1('footnote_plugin_reference_36523_1_2');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_36523_1_2\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">2<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_36523_1_2\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\"> Eric Verdeil, \u201cWater and electricity networks between stress and reform: from post-civil war reconstruction to the new Lebanese wars\u201d, <em>The Politics and Planning of Destruction and Reconstruction in Lebanon<\/em>, Conference Proceedings, June 2009, Oxford, United Kingdom.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_36523_1_2').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_36523_1_2', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0633\u0639\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629. \u064a\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0628\u062d\u062b \u0625\u064a\u0628\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2023 \u2013 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0634\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u2013 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u064a.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_36523_1('footnote_plugin_reference_36523_1_3');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_36523_1('footnote_plugin_reference_36523_1_3');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_36523_1_3\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">3<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_36523_1_3\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\"> Zeina Abla, Dana Abi Ghanem, and Muzna Al-Masri, \u201cI Am, as You Can See, the Local Government, the Electricity Company and Much More: Building Committees as Spaces of Social Organizing in Beirut\u201d, Ebla Research Collective, February 2024, available at <a href=\"https:\/\/eblaresearch.org\/2024\/03\/read-our-research-report\/\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/eblaresearch.org\/2024\/03\/read-our-research-report\/<\/span><\/a>.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_36523_1_3').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_36523_1_3', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', 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\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u063a\u064a\u0627\u0628 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0628\u0642\u0649 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062c\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u0636\u0641\u0627\u0636\u064b\u0627.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_36523_1('footnote_plugin_reference_36523_1_6');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_36523_1('footnote_plugin_reference_36523_1_6');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_36523_1_6\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">6<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_36523_1_6\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\"> Ali Taha and Rasha Akel, \u201cRegulating the Energy Transition: Lebanon\u2019s New Law on Distributed Renewable 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\u0648\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a &#8211; \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 &#8211; \u0644\u062a\u0633\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0626\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637\u0627\u064b 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\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0648\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u062d\u0633\u0628\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u064b.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"speaker-mute footnotes_reference_container\"> <div class=\"footnote_container_prepare\"><p><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_reference_container_label pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_expand_collapse_reference_container_36523_1();\">Endnotes<\/span><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_reference_container_collapse_button\" style=\"display: none;\" onclick=\"footnote_expand_collapse_reference_container_36523_1();\">[<a id=\"footnote_reference_container_collapse_button_36523_1\">+<\/a>]<\/span><\/p><\/div> <div id=\"footnote_references_container_36523_1\" style=\"\"><table class=\"footnotes_table footnote-reference-container\"><caption class=\"accessibility\">Endnotes<\/caption> <tbody> \r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_36523_1_1\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_36523_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_36523_1_1');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>1<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\"> Henrik Vigh, \u201cSlow Crisis in Bissau and Beyond\u201d, <em>Global Discourse<\/em> Vol. 12, no. 3-4, September 2022, pp. 522-36, available at <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1332\/204378921X16348942683000\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1332\/204378921X16348942683000<\/span><\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_36523_1_2\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_36523_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_36523_1_2');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>2<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\"> Eric Verdeil, \u201cWater and electricity networks between stress and reform: from post-civil war reconstruction to the new Lebanese wars\u201d, <em>The Politics and Planning of Destruction and Reconstruction in Lebanon<\/em>, Conference Proceedings, June 2009, Oxford, United Kingdom.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_36523_1_3\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_36523_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_36523_1_3');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>3<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\"> Zeina Abla, Dana Abi Ghanem, and Muzna Al-Masri, \u201cI Am, as You Can See, the Local Government, the Electricity Company and Much More: Building Committees as Spaces of Social Organizing in Beirut\u201d, Ebla Research Collective, February 2024, available at <a href=\"https:\/\/eblaresearch.org\/2024\/03\/read-our-research-report\/\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/eblaresearch.org\/2024\/03\/read-our-research-report\/<\/span><\/a>.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_36523_1_4\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_36523_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_36523_1_4');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>4<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\"> Alix Chaplain, \u201cStrategies of Power and the Emergence of Hybrid Mini-Grids in Lebanon\u201d, Centre de recherch\u00e9s internationales, Sciences Po, CNRS, 2022, available at <a href=\"https:\/\/www.jadaliyya.com\/Details\/43932\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/www.jadaliyya.com\/Details\/43932<\/span><\/a>.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_36523_1_5\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_36523_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_36523_1_5');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>5<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\"> \u0645\u064a\u063a\u0627\u0641\u0648\u0646 \u0646\u064a\u0648\u0632 \u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u060c 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\u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0645\u064a\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0635\u062d\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0642\u062f\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 Https:\/\/T.Co\/7N30N30CwCfiM6\u201c\u060c \u062a\u063a\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0629\u060c <em>\u062a\u0648\u064a\u062a\u0631\u060c<\/em> 25 \u064a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0648 2024\u060c<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_36523_1_6\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_36523_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_36523_1_6');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>6<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\"> Ali Taha and Rasha Akel, \u201cRegulating the Energy Transition: Lebanon\u2019s New Law on Distributed Renewable Energy,\u201d The Lebanese Center for Policy Studies, 7 February 2024, available at <a href=\"https:\/\/www.lcps-lebanon.org\/en\/articles\/details\/4853\/regulating-the-energy-transition-lebanon%E2%80%99s-new-law-on-distributed-renewable-energy\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/www.lcps-lebanon.org\/en\/articles\/details\/4853\/regulating-the-energy-transition-lebanon%E2%80%99s-new-law-on-distributed-renewable-energy<\/span><\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n <\/tbody> <\/table> <\/div><\/div><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> function footnote_expand_reference_container_36523_1() { jQuery('#footnote_references_container_36523_1').show(); jQuery('#footnote_reference_container_collapse_button_36523_1').text('\u2212'); } function footnote_collapse_reference_container_36523_1() { jQuery('#footnote_references_container_36523_1').hide(); 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