{"id":35975,"date":"2025-02-06T16:16:36","date_gmt":"2025-02-06T15:16:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ari26.arabregionhub.net\/?post_type=publication&#038;p=35975"},"modified":"2025-02-07T11:57:26","modified_gmt":"2025-02-07T10:57:26","slug":"%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d8%b1%d8%a7%d9%82-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%aa%d8%b9%d8%a7%d9%85%d9%84-%d9%85%d8%b9-%d8%aa%d8%ad%d8%af%d9%8a%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a8%d9%8a%d8%a6%d8%a9-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d8%b8%d9%84-%d8%aa","status":"publish","type":"publication","link":"https:\/\/ari26.arabregionhub.net\/ar\/publication\/%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d8%b1%d8%a7%d9%82-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%aa%d8%b9%d8%a7%d9%85%d9%84-%d9%85%d8%b9-%d8%aa%d8%ad%d8%af%d9%8a%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a8%d9%8a%d8%a6%d8%a9-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d8%b8%d9%84-%d8%aa\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0644 \u062a\u0635\u0627\u0639\u062f 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id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_35975_1_4\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">4<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_35975_1_4\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0627\u062a\u060c <em>\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0636\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642:<\/em> <em>\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u0646\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0639\u060c <\/em>26 \u062a\u0645\u0648\u0632\/\u064a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0648 2021\u060c \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.crisisgroup.org\/ar\/middle-east-north-africa\/gulf-and-arabian-peninsula\/iraq\/223-iraqs-tishreen-uprising-barricades-ballot-box\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/www.crisisgroup.org\/ar\/middle-east-north-africa\/gulf-and-arabian-peninsula\/iraq\/223-iraqs-tishreen-uprising-barricades-ballot-box<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_35975_1_4').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_35975_1_4', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2003\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a 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\u201cSuppressing Dissent in Post-Tishreen Iraq\u201d, LSE Middle East Centre, 16 October 2024, available at <a href=\"https:\/\/eprints.lse.ac.uk\/125579\/\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/eprints.lse.ac.uk\/125579\/<\/span><\/a>.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_35975_1_5').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_35975_1_5', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script><\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0633\u0637 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_35975_1('footnote_plugin_reference_35975_1_6');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_35975_1('footnote_plugin_reference_35975_1_6');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_35975_1_6\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">6<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_35975_1_6\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Maha Yassin, \u201cThe Space for Iraqi Climate Activism Is Dangerously Small, and Shrinking\u201d, The Century Foundation, August 2023, available at <a href=\"https:\/\/tcf.org\/content\/commentary\/the-space-for-iraqi-climate-activism-is-dangerously-small-and-shrinking\/\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/tcf.org\/content\/commentary\/the-space-for-iraqi-climate-activism-is-dangerously-small-and-shrinking\/<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_35975_1_6').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_35975_1_6', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u0648\u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0646\u0634\u0637\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2003\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0643\u0632\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0639\u0642\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0632\u0648 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a 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\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\/\u0623\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0631 2019\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631 \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_35975_1('footnote_plugin_reference_35975_1_10');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_35975_1('footnote_plugin_reference_35975_1_10');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_35975_1_10\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">10<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_35975_1_10\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">David Gritten, \u201cIraqi activist jailed over tweet &#8216;insulting&#8217; Iran-backed militia force\u201d, BBC 7 December 2022, available at <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bbc.co.uk\/news\/world-middle-east-63890358\"><span 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\u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0635\u062d\u0627\u0641\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0630\u064a\u0628 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0632\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u064a\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0645.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_35975_1('footnote_plugin_reference_35975_1_13');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_35975_1('footnote_plugin_reference_35975_1_13');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_35975_1_13\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">13<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_35975_1_13\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u00a0See, for example, Amnesty International, \u201cIraq\/KRI: Further Information: Journalist Released After Three Years\u2019 Imprisonment: Guhdar Zebari\u201d, 26 February 2024, available at: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.amnesty.org\/en\/documents\/mde14\/7732\/2024\/en\/\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/www.amnesty.org\/en\/documents\/mde14\/7732\/2024\/en\/<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_35975_1_13').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_35975_1_13', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0647\u060c 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tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_35975_1('footnote_plugin_reference_35975_1_14');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_35975_1('footnote_plugin_reference_35975_1_14');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_35975_1_14\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">14<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_35975_1_14\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c 10 \u0623\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0644\/ \u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631\/ 2024.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_35975_1_14').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_35975_1_14', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 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\u0623\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0644\/\u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 2024.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_35975_1_16').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_35975_1_16', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u0648\u0647\u0643\u0630\u0627\u060c \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0631\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0635 \u0628\u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u0635\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2019\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 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\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u0626\u0629&#8221;. <span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_35975_1('footnote_plugin_reference_35975_1_17');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_35975_1('footnote_plugin_reference_35975_1_17');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_35975_1_17\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">17<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_35975_1_17\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u00a0Robert D. 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Weekly, \u201cMillions of trees to save vanishing forests of Iraq\u2019s Kurdistan\u201d, 22 August 2024, available at <a href=\"https:\/\/thearabweekly.com\/millions-trees-save-vanishing-forests-iraqs-kurdistan#:~:text=in%20the%20region.-,\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/thearabweekly.com\/millions-trees-save-vanishing-forests-iraqs-kurdistan<\/span><\/a>\u201d.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_35975_1_20').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_35975_1_20', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u00a0\u0648\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0641\u0642\u062f\u062a 150,000 \u0634\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0636\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0639\u0634\u060c<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_35975_1('footnote_plugin_reference_35975_1_21');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_35975_1('footnote_plugin_reference_35975_1_21');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_35975_1_21\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">21<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_35975_1_21\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u00a0+974, \u201cMosul\u2019s forests struggle with neglect and fires, but reforestation efforts offer hope\u201d, 11 November 2024, available at <a href=\"https:\/\/en.964media.com\/27550\/#:~:text=Local%20officials%20report%20that%20Mosul's,from%20ISIS%20control%20in%202017\"><span 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onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_35975_1('footnote_plugin_reference_35975_1_22');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_35975_1_22\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">22<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_35975_1_22\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u062d\u0627\u0631\u062b \u062d\u0633\u0646\u060c &#8220;\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0648\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0646\u0651\u0629 \u0639\u062f\u0646: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642&#8221;\u060c \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0645\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0645 \u0643\u064a\u0631 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role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_35975_1('footnote_plugin_reference_35975_1_23');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_35975_1('footnote_plugin_reference_35975_1_23');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_35975_1_23\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">23<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_35975_1_23\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c 10 \u0623\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0644\/\u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 2024.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_35975_1_23').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_35975_1_23', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> 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onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_35975_1('footnote_plugin_reference_35975_1_25');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_35975_1('footnote_plugin_reference_35975_1_25');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_35975_1_25\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">25<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_35975_1_25\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c 10 \u0623\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0644\/\u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 2024\u061b \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0641\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u063a\u062f\u0627\u062f\u060c 16 \u0623\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0644\/\u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 2024.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_35975_1_25').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_35975_1_25', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u0648\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0641\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a 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tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_35975_1('footnote_plugin_reference_35975_1_29');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_35975_1('footnote_plugin_reference_35975_1_29');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_35975_1_29\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">29<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_35975_1_29\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u00a0Farhad Mamshai, \u201cThe Politics of Environment in the Kurdistan Region: Unveiling the Crisis of Deforestation and Forest Fires\u201d, IC3+, August 2024, available at: <a href=\"https:\/\/iraqclimatechange.org\/the-politics-of-environment-in-the-kurdistan-region-unveiling-the-crisis-of-deforestation-and-forest-fires\/\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/iraqclimatechange.org\/the-politics-of-environment-in-the-kurdistan-region-unveiling-the-crisis-of-deforestation-and-forest-fires\/<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_35975_1_29').tooltip({ tip: 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\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0641 \u0648\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0621.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_35975_1('footnote_plugin_reference_35975_1_36');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_35975_1('footnote_plugin_reference_35975_1_36');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_35975_1_36\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">36<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_35975_1_36\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u00a0Husam Sobhi, \u201cSatellite Monitoring Reveals the Startling Extent of Iraq\u2019s Water Crisis\u201d, The Century Foundation, September 2023, available at <a href=\"https:\/\/tcf.org\/content\/commentary\/satellite-monitoring-reveals-the-startling-extent-of-iraqs-water-crisis\/\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/tcf.org\/content\/commentary\/satellite-monitoring-reveals-the-startling-extent-of-iraqs-water-crisis\/<\/span><\/a>; \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u063a\u062f\u0627\u062f\u060c 16 \u0623\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0644\/ \u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 2024\u061b \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0639 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u063a\u062f\u0627\u062f\u060c 30 \u0623\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0644\/ \u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 2024.<\/span><\/span><script 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onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_35975_1('footnote_plugin_reference_35975_1_37');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_35975_1_37\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">37<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_35975_1_37\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u00a0Dahr Jamail, \u201cIraq: War\u2019s Legacy of Cancer\u201d, Al Jazeera, March 2013, available at <a href=\"https:\/\/www.aljazeera.com\/features\/2013\/3\/15\/iraq-wars-legacy-of-cancer\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/www.aljazeera.com\/features\/2013\/3\/15\/iraq-wars-legacy-of-cancer<\/span><\/a> ; Kali Rubaii, \u201cBirth Defects and the Toxic Legacy of War in Iraq\u201d, MERIP, 2020, available at <a href=\"https:\/\/merip.org\/2020\/09\/birth-defects-and-the-toxic-legacy-of-war-in-iraq\/\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/merip.org\/2020\/09\/birth-defects-and-the-toxic-legacy-of-war-in-iraq\/<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> 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\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0623\u0642\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0647 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0626\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0641\u0649 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0627\u0645 2003\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u062a\u062c\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_35975_1('footnote_plugin_reference_35975_1_55');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_35975_1('footnote_plugin_reference_35975_1_55');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_35975_1_55\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">55<\/sup><\/a><span 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\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a) \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0648\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u062f\u062e\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0645\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0629 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631\u0629. \u0633\u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0636\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0646 \u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0647 \u064a\u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631.<\/li>\n<li>\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0631\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0644\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0646\u0647\u062c\u0627\u064b \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0631\u0648\u062d\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0634\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630\u0647\u0627.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/em>:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u062b \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u0643\u0648 \u0648\u0628\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0631\u0627\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0631\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0637\u0628\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u062c\u0647\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0631.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"speaker-mute footnotes_reference_container\"> <div class=\"footnote_container_prepare\"><p><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_reference_container_label pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_expand_collapse_reference_container_35975_1();\">Endnotes<\/span><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_reference_container_collapse_button\" style=\"display: none;\" onclick=\"footnote_expand_collapse_reference_container_35975_1();\">[<a id=\"footnote_reference_container_collapse_button_35975_1\">+<\/a>]<\/span><\/p><\/div> <div id=\"footnote_references_container_35975_1\" style=\"\"><table class=\"footnotes_table footnote-reference-container\"><caption class=\"accessibility\">Endnotes<\/caption> <tbody> \r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_35975_1_1\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_35975_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_35975_1_1');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>1<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u064a\u0639\u0631\u0651\u0641 \u0631\u0648\u0628 \u0646\u064a\u0643\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u064a\u0621 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u062c\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0628\u0639\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0631. \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 &#8220;\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0651 \u0648\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0639\u0641 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f&#8221; \u0648\u0647\u0648 &#8220;\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u062c\u064a \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u062a\u062f\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0631\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629&#8221; (\u0635 2-3). \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0631\u0648\u0628 \u0646\u064a\u0643\u0633\u0648\u0646\u060c <em>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u064a\u0621 \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u060c <\/em>\u0645\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0647\u0627\u0631\u0641\u0627\u0631\u062f\u060c 2011 .<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_35975_1_2\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_35975_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_35975_1_2');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>2<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Cristina Novo, \u201cLake Sawa in Iraq disappears for the first time in history\u201d, Smart Water Magazine, 2022, available at <a href=\"https:\/\/smartwatermagazine.com\/news\/smart-water-magazine\/lake-sawa-iraq-disappears-first-time-history\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/smartwatermagazine.com\/news\/smart-water-magazine\/lake-sawa-iraq-disappears-first-time-history<\/span><\/a> \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u064a\u060c &#8221; \u0646\u0641\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u0629 \u062b\u0631\u0648\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0633\u0631\u0637\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644\u0647\u0627: 600 \u0634\u0639\u0644\u0629 \u0646\u0641\u0637\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u062a\u0641\u062a\u0643 \u0628\u0635\u062d\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646&#8221;\u060c <em>\u062f\u0631\u062c\u060c<\/em> 2024\u060c \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 <a href=\"https:\/\/daraj.media\/\u0646\u0641\u0637-\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u0629-\u062b\u0631\u0648\u0629-\u0644\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642-\u0648\u0633\u0631\u0637\u0627\u0646-\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644\u0647\u0627-600\/\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/daraj.media\/\u0646\u0641\u0637-\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u0629-\u062b\u0631\u0648\u0629-\u0644\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642-\u0648\u0633\u0631\u0637\u0627\u0646-\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644\u0647\u0627-600\/<\/span><\/a> \u00a0\u0648\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f \u062e\u062f\u0648\u0631\u064a\u060c &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u062d\u0631 \u064a\u0628\u062a\u0644\u0639 70% \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642&#8221;\u060c <em>\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642<\/em> \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0637\u060c 2023\u060c \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637 <a href=\"https:\/\/aawsat.com\/home\/article\/4414351\/\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f-\u062e\u062f\u0648\u0631\u064a\/\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u062d\u0631-\u064a\u0628\u062a\u0644\u0639-70-\u0645\u0646-\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/aawsat.com\/home\/article\/4414351\/\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f-\u062e\u062f\u0648\u0631\u064a\/\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u062d\u0631-\u064a\u0628\u062a\u0644\u0639-70-\u0645\u0646-\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642<\/span><\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_35975_1_3\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_35975_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_35975_1_3');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>3<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Dobroslawa Wiktor-Mach, Marcin Skupi\u0144ski and Kaziwa Salih, &#8220;&#8216;We Want to Have a Positive Impact&#8217;: Fragile Ecologies and the Iraqi Kurds&#8217; Dutiful Environmentalism&#8221;. Political Ecology 30, 2023, p.200.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_35975_1_4\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_35975_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_35975_1_4');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>4<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0627\u062a\u060c <em>\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0636\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642:<\/em> <em>\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u0646\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0639\u060c <\/em>26 \u062a\u0645\u0648\u0632\/\u064a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0648 2021\u060c \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.crisisgroup.org\/ar\/middle-east-north-africa\/gulf-and-arabian-peninsula\/iraq\/223-iraqs-tishreen-uprising-barricades-ballot-box\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/www.crisisgroup.org\/ar\/middle-east-north-africa\/gulf-and-arabian-peninsula\/iraq\/223-iraqs-tishreen-uprising-barricades-ballot-box<\/span><\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_35975_1_5\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_35975_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_35975_1_5');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>5<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Iraq Watch Group, \u201cSuppressing Dissent in Post-Tishreen Iraq\u201d, LSE Middle East Centre, 16 October 2024, available at <a href=\"https:\/\/eprints.lse.ac.uk\/125579\/\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/eprints.lse.ac.uk\/125579\/<\/span><\/a>.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_35975_1_6\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_35975_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_35975_1_6');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>6<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Maha Yassin, \u201cThe Space for Iraqi Climate Activism Is Dangerously Small, and Shrinking\u201d, The Century Foundation, August 2023, available at <a href=\"https:\/\/tcf.org\/content\/commentary\/the-space-for-iraqi-climate-activism-is-dangerously-small-and-shrinking\/\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/tcf.org\/content\/commentary\/the-space-for-iraqi-climate-activism-is-dangerously-small-and-shrinking\/<\/span><\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_35975_1_7\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_35975_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_35975_1_7');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>7<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u0629\u060c 18 \u0623\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0644\/ \u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 2024.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_35975_1_8\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_35975_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_35975_1_8');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>8<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0644\u060c 9 \u0623\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0644\/\u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 2024\u061b \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0639 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c 2 \u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\/\u0623\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0631 2024.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_35975_1_9\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_35975_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_35975_1_9');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>9<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0634\u0643\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u062e\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0634\u0642\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u062b\u0648\u0633\u0648 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_35975_1_10\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_35975_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_35975_1_10');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>10<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">David Gritten, \u201cIraqi activist jailed over tweet &#8216;insulting&#8217; Iran-backed militia force\u201d, BBC 7 December 2022, available at <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bbc.co.uk\/news\/world-middle-east-63890358\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/www.bbc.co.uk\/news\/world-middle-east-63890358<\/span><\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_35975_1_11\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_35975_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_35975_1_11');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>11<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u00a0Front Line Defenders, \u201cEnvironmental Human Rights Defender Jasim Al-Asadi Released by his Kidnappers After Two Weeks\u201d, 15 February 2023, available at <a href=\"https:\/\/www.frontlinedefenders.org\/en\/case\/environmental-human-rights-defender-jassim-al-asadi-released-after-2-weeks\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/www.frontlinedefenders.org\/en\/case\/environmental-human-rights-defender-jassim-al-asadi-released-after-2-weeks<\/span><\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_35975_1_12\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_35975_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_35975_1_12');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>12<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0623\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0633\u060c &#8220;\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0636\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a&#8230; \u0647\u0644 \u0647\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u062f \u0644\u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0642\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0632\u0639\u0644\u064a\u061f&#8221;\u060c 30 \u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\/\u0646\u0648\u0641\u0645\u0628\u0631 2023\u060c \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 <a href=\"https:\/\/ultrairaq.ultrasawt.com\u061b\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/ultrairaq.ultrasawt.com\u061b<\/span><\/a> \u062f\u0631\u062c\u060c &#8220;\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0627\u0643\u0648 \u062c\u0646\u062f\u0631 \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u062c\u0646\u062f\u0631\u0629: \u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629-\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0634\u064a\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u2019\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u062f\u0631\u2018 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642&#8221;\u060c 16 \u0646\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0646\/\u0623\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0644 2024\u060c \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 <a href=\"https:\/\/daraj.media\/%D8%A8%D8%B9%D8%AF-%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%83%D9%88-%D8%AC%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%B1-%D9%88%D9%84%D8%A7-%D8%AC%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%A9-%D8%AD%D8%B1%D8%A8-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%84%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85\/\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/daraj.media\/\u0628\u0639\u062f-\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0648-\u062c\u0646\u062f\u0631-\u0648\u0644\u0627-\u062c\u0646\u062f\u0631\u0629-\u062d\u0631\u0628-\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629-\u0627\u0644\u0645\/<\/span><\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_35975_1_13\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_35975_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_35975_1_13');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>13<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u00a0See, for example, Amnesty International, \u201cIraq\/KRI: Further Information: Journalist Released After Three Years\u2019 Imprisonment: Guhdar Zebari\u201d, 26 February 2024, available at: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.amnesty.org\/en\/documents\/mde14\/7732\/2024\/en\/\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/www.amnesty.org\/en\/documents\/mde14\/7732\/2024\/en\/<\/span><\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_35975_1_14\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_35975_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_35975_1_14');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>14<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c 10 \u0623\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0644\/ \u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631\/ 2024.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_35975_1_15\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_35975_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_35975_1_15');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>15<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0639 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c 2 \u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\/ \u0623\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0631 2024.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_35975_1_16\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_35975_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_35975_1_16');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>16<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0646\u0627\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c 10 \u0623\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0644\/\u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 2024.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_35975_1_17\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_35975_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_35975_1_17');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>17<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u00a0Robert D. Benford and David Snow, \u201cFraming Processes and Social Movements: An Overview and Assessment\u201d, Annual Review of Sociology 26, (2000), p.13.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_35975_1_18\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_35975_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_35975_1_18');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>18<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0635 615.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_35975_1_19\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_35975_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_35975_1_19');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>19<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u063a\u062f\u0627\u062f\u060c 15 \u0623\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0644\/\u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 2024.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_35975_1_20\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_35975_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_35975_1_20');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>20<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">The Arab Weekly, \u201cMillions of trees to save vanishing forests of Iraq\u2019s Kurdistan\u201d, 22 August 2024, available at <a href=\"https:\/\/thearabweekly.com\/millions-trees-save-vanishing-forests-iraqs-kurdistan#:~:text=in%20the%20region.-,\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/thearabweekly.com\/millions-trees-save-vanishing-forests-iraqs-kurdistan<\/span><\/a>\u201d.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_35975_1_21\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_35975_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_35975_1_21');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>21<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u00a0+974, \u201cMosul\u2019s forests struggle with neglect and fires, but reforestation efforts offer hope\u201d, 11 November 2024, available at <a href=\"https:\/\/en.964media.com\/27550\/#:~:text=Local%20officials%20report%20that%20Mosul's,from%20ISIS%20control%20in%202017\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/en.964media.com\/27550\/#:~:text=Local%20officials%20report%20that%20Mosul&#8217;s,from%20ISIS%20control%20in%202017<\/span><\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_35975_1_22\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_35975_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_35975_1_22');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>22<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u062d\u0627\u0631\u062b \u062d\u0633\u0646\u060c &#8220;\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0648\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0646\u0651\u0629 \u0639\u062f\u0646: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642&#8221;\u060c \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0645\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0645 \u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0643\u0627\u0631\u0646\u064a\u063a\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0637\u060c 29 \u0622\u0630\u0627\u0631\/\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 2022\u060c <a href=\"https:\/\/carnegieindia.org\/research\/2022\/03\/eden-denied-environmental-decay-illicit-activities-and-instability-in-iraqs-southern-border-area?lang=ar&amp;center=middle-east\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/carnegieindia.org\/research\/2022\/03\/eden-denied-environmental-decay-illicit-activities-and-instability-in-iraqs-southern-border-area?lang=ar&amp;center=middle-east<\/span><\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_35975_1_23\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_35975_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_35975_1_23');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>23<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c 10 \u0623\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0644\/\u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 2024.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_35975_1_24\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_35975_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_35975_1_24');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>24<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0639 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c 30 \u0623\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0644\/\u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 2024.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_35975_1_25\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_35975_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_35975_1_25');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>25<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c 10 \u0623\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0644\/\u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 2024\u061b \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0641\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u063a\u062f\u0627\u062f\u060c 16 \u0623\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0644\/\u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 2024.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_35975_1_26\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_35975_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_35975_1_26');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>26<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0639 \u0641\u0646\u0627\u0646\u060c 16 \u0623\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0644\/ \u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 2024.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_35975_1_27\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_35975_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_35975_1_27');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>27<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0646\u0633\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u063a\u062f\u0627\u062f\u060c 14 \u0623\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0644\/\u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 2024.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_35975_1_28\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_35975_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_35975_1_28');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>28<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_35975_1_29\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_35975_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_35975_1_29');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>29<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u00a0Farhad Mamshai, \u201cThe Politics of Environment in the Kurdistan Region: Unveiling the Crisis of Deforestation and Forest Fires\u201d, IC3+, August 2024, available at: <a href=\"https:\/\/iraqclimatechange.org\/the-politics-of-environment-in-the-kurdistan-region-unveiling-the-crisis-of-deforestation-and-forest-fires\/\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/iraqclimatechange.org\/the-politics-of-environment-in-the-kurdistan-region-unveiling-the-crisis-of-deforestation-and-forest-fires\/<\/span><\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_35975_1_30\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_35975_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_35975_1_30');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>30<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0646 2023\u061b \u0647\u064a\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0631\u0627\u064a\u062a\u0633 \u0648\u0648\u062a\u0634\u060c <em>\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0637\u0634\u0627\u0646\u0629<\/em> <em>\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0639\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u064f\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0623\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647\u060c <\/em>\u062a\u0645\u0648\u0632\/\u064a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0648 2019\u060c \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637: https: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.hrw.org\/report\/2019\/07\/22\/basra-thirsty\/iraqs-failure-manage-water-crisis\">\/\/www.hrw.org\/report\/2019\/07\/22\/basra-thirsty\/iraqs-failure-manage-water-crisis<\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_35975_1_31\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_35975_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_35975_1_31');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>31<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u0629\u060c 18 \u0623\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0644\/ \u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 2024.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_35975_1_32\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_35975_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_35975_1_32');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>32<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0646\u0627\u0634\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c 10 \u0623\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0644\/\u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 2024.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_35975_1_33\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_35975_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_35975_1_33');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>33<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0644\u060c 8 \u0623\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0644\/\u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 2024\u061b \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u063a\u062f\u0627\u062f\u060c 16 \u0623\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0644\/\u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631\u061b \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0639 \u0646\u0627\u0634\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a 2 \u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\/\u0623\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0631 2024.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_35975_1_34\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_35975_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_35975_1_34');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>34<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0634\u0643\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0635\u0627\u0631 \u062c\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629\u061b \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u063a\u062f\u0627\u062f\u060c 16 \u0623\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0644\/\u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 2024.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_35975_1_35\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_35975_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_35975_1_35');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>35<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u060c &#8221; \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0636 \u0639\u0644\u0649 10 \u0623\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0631\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0642\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0636\u062f \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0637&#8221;\u060c \u0622\u0630\u0627\u0631\/\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 2023\u060c \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637https: <a href=\"https:\/\/ahwari.net\/10-ahwari-arrested\">\/\/ahwari.net\/10-ahwari-arrested<\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_35975_1_36\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_35975_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_35975_1_36');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>36<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u00a0Husam Sobhi, \u201cSatellite Monitoring Reveals the Startling Extent of Iraq\u2019s Water Crisis\u201d, The Century Foundation, September 2023, available at <a href=\"https:\/\/tcf.org\/content\/commentary\/satellite-monitoring-reveals-the-startling-extent-of-iraqs-water-crisis\/\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/tcf.org\/content\/commentary\/satellite-monitoring-reveals-the-startling-extent-of-iraqs-water-crisis\/<\/span><\/a>; \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u063a\u062f\u0627\u062f\u060c 16 \u0623\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0644\/ \u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 2024\u061b \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0639 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u063a\u062f\u0627\u062f\u060c 30 \u0623\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0644\/ \u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 2024.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_35975_1_37\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_35975_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_35975_1_37');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>37<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u00a0Dahr Jamail, \u201cIraq: War\u2019s Legacy of Cancer\u201d, Al Jazeera, March 2013, available at <a href=\"https:\/\/www.aljazeera.com\/features\/2013\/3\/15\/iraq-wars-legacy-of-cancer\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/www.aljazeera.com\/features\/2013\/3\/15\/iraq-wars-legacy-of-cancer<\/span><\/a> ; Kali Rubaii, \u201cBirth Defects and the Toxic Legacy of War in Iraq\u201d, MERIP, 2020, available at <a href=\"https:\/\/merip.org\/2020\/09\/birth-defects-and-the-toxic-legacy-of-war-in-iraq\/\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/merip.org\/2020\/09\/birth-defects-and-the-toxic-legacy-of-war-in-iraq\/<\/span><\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_35975_1_38\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_35975_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_35975_1_38');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>38<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0639 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0629\u060c 15 \u0623\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0644\/ \u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 2024.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_35975_1_39\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_35975_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_35975_1_39');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>39<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0635\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u062e\u0644\u0641 \u0648\u062e\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0634\u0642\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u062b\u0648\u0633\u0648\u060c &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u0626\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642&#8221;\u060c \u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u060c \u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\/\u0623\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0631 2024\u060c \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637 https: <a href=\"https:\/\/ari26.arabregionhub.net\/publication\/mobilizing-for-the-environment-in-iraq\/\">\/\/ari26.arabregionhub.net\/publication\/mobilizing-for-the-environment-in-iraq\/<\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_35975_1_40\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_35975_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_35975_1_40');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>40<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0644\u060c 9 \u0623\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0644\/\u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 2024\u061b \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0628\u063a\u062f\u0627\u062f\u060c 14 \u0623\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0644\/\u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 2024\u061b \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0646\u0627\u0634\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0628\u063a\u062f\u0627\u062f\u060c 15 \u0623\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0644\/\u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 2024.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_35975_1_41\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_35975_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_35975_1_41');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>41<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0646\u0627\u0634\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0628\u063a\u062f\u0627\u062f\u060c 14 \u0623\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0644\/\u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 2024.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_35975_1_42\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_35975_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_35975_1_42');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>42<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0646\u0627\u0634\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0628\u063a\u062f\u0627\u062f\u060c 14 \u0623\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0644\/ \u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 2024\u061b \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0646\u0627\u0634\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0628\u063a\u062f\u0627\u062f\u060c 15 \u0623\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0644\/ \u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 2024.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_35975_1_43\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_35975_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_35975_1_43');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>43<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0646\u0627\u0634\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0628\u063a\u062f\u0627\u062f\u060c 14 \u0623\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0644\/\u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 2024.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_35975_1_44\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_35975_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_35975_1_44');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>44<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0646\u0627\u0634\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0644\u060c 8 \u0623\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0644\/\u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 2024.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_35975_1_45\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_35975_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_35975_1_45');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>45<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0644\u060c 9 \u0623\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0644\/\u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 2024\u061b \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u063a\u062f\u0627\u062f\u060c 15 \u0623\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0644\/\u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 2024\u061b \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u0629\u060c 18 \u0623\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0644\/\u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 2024.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_35975_1_46\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_35975_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_35975_1_46');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>46<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0644\u060c 9 \u0623\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0644\/\u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 2024\u061b \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0639 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c 2 \u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\/\u0623\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0631 2024.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_35975_1_47\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_35975_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_35975_1_47');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>47<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c 10 \u0623\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0644\/\u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 2024.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_35975_1_48\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_35975_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_35975_1_48');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>48<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0646\u0627\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0644\u060c 8 \u0623\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0644\/\u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 2024.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_35975_1_49\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_35975_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_35975_1_49');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>49<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0646\u0627\u0634\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u0629\u060c 19 \u0623\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0644\/\u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 2024.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_35975_1_50\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_35975_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_35975_1_50');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>50<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u0629\u060c 18 \u0623\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0644\/ \u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 2024.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_35975_1_51\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_35975_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_35975_1_51');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>51<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0646\u0627\u0634\u0637 \u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0628\u063a\u062f\u0627\u062f\u060c 16 \u0623\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0644\/\u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 2024.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_35975_1_52\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_35975_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_35975_1_52');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>52<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0641\u0635\u064a\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u062e\u0644\u0641 \u0648\u0634\u0642\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u062b\u0648\u0633\u0648 2024.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_35975_1_53\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_35975_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_35975_1_53');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>53<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u064a\u0631\u064a 2023.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_35975_1_54\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_35975_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_35975_1_54');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>54<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0647\u064a\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0631\u0627\u064a\u062a\u0633 \u0648\u0648\u062a\u0634 2019.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_35975_1_55\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_35975_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_35975_1_55');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>55<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u062e\u0644\u0641 \u0648\u0634\u0642\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u062b\u0648\u0633\u0648 2024\u061b \u00a0Rijin Sahakian, \u201cExtraction Rebellion: A Green Zone of Hope\u201d, n+1, 2019, available at <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nplusonemag.com\/online-only\/online-only\/extraction-rebellion\/\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/www.nplusonemag.com\/online-only\/online-only\/extraction-rebellion\/<\/span><\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_35975_1_56\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_35975_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_35975_1_56');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>56<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u00a0Benedict Robin D\u2019cruz, \u201cDeleuze &amp; Guattari on protest weakness in Iraq\u201d, Third World Quarterly 45, (no.10), 2024.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_35975_1_57\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_35975_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_35975_1_57');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>57<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u00a0Melissa Checker, Polluted Promises: Environmental Racism and the Search for Justice in a Southern Town, New York: New York University Press, 2005.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_35975_1_58\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_35975_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_35975_1_58');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>58<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Hayder Al-Shakeri, \u201cIraq\u2019s Young Agents of Change\u201d, Chatham House, 2024, available at <a href=\"https:\/\/www.chathamhouse.org\/2024\/10\/iraqs-young-agents-change\/summary\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/www.chathamhouse.org\/2024\/10\/iraqs-young-agents-change\/summary<\/span><\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_35975_1_59\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_35975_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_35975_1_59');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>59<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u063a\u062f\u0627\u062f\u060c 14 \u0623\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0644\/ \u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 2024.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_35975_1_60\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_35975_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_35975_1_60');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>60<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0646\u0627\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0623\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u063a\u062f\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0634\u0628\u0627\u0637\/ \u0641\u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0631 2024.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_35975_1_61\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_35975_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_35975_1_61');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>61<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u00a0Jennifer L Rice, Joshua Long, and Anthony Levenda. &#8220;Against Climate Apartheid: Confronting the Persistent Legacies of Expendability for Climate Justice&#8221;, Environment and Planning E: Nature and Space 5 (2), (2022), pp. 625\u201345, <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/2514848621999286\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/2514848621999286<\/span><\/a>, pp.635-636.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_35975_1_62\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_35975_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_35975_1_62');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>62<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0639\u0636\u0648 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c 10 \u0623\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0644\/\u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 2024.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_35975_1_63\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_35975_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_35975_1_63');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>63<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0646\u0627\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0644\u060c 8 \u0623\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0644\/\u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 2024.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_35975_1_64\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_35975_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_35975_1_64');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>64<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u00a0Taif Alkhudary, \u201cFrom Muhasasa to Mawatana: Consociationalism and Identity Transformation within the Protest Movement in Federal Iraq, 2011\u20132019\u201d, Nationalism and Ethnic Politics 30, (no.1) 2023.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_35975_1_65\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_35975_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_35975_1_65');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>65<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0646\u0633\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u063a\u062f\u0627\u062f\u060c 14 \u0623\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0644\/ \u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631\/ 2024.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_35975_1_66\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_35975_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_35975_1_66');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>66<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a \u0645\u0639 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c 1 \u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\/ \u0623\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0631 2024.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_35975_1_67\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_35975_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_35975_1_67');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>67<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0644\u060c 8 \u0623\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0644\/ \u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 2024.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_35975_1_68\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_35975_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_35975_1_68');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>68<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0644\u060c 8 \u0623\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0644\/\u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 2024\u061b \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u062e\u0645\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0644\u060c 8 \u0623\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0644\/\u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 2024\u061b \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u063a\u062f\u0627\u062f\u060c 16 \u0623\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0644\/\u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 2024.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_35975_1_69\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_35975_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_35975_1_69');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>69<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Green House, \u201cReforestation Campaign in More than 200 Schools in Basra\u201d, 1 July 2023, available at <a href=\"https:\/\/greenhouse-iq.com\/projects\/basra-school\/\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/greenhouse-iq.com\/projects\/basra-school\/<\/span><\/a> ; \u00a0\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u0629\u060c &#8220;\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0644\u062a \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0637&#8221;\u060c 2024.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_35975_1_70\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_35975_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_35975_1_70');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>70<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\u060c 16 \u0623\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0644\/ \u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 2024.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_35975_1_71\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_35975_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_35975_1_71');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>71<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u062e\u0645\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0644\u060c 8 \u0623\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0644\/\u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 2024\u061b \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0639 \u0646\u0627\u0634\u0637 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c 3 \u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\/\u0623\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0631 2024.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_35975_1_72\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_35975_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_35975_1_72');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>72<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u0629\u060c 18 \u0623\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0644\/ \u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 2024.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n <\/tbody> <\/table> <\/div><\/div><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> function footnote_expand_reference_container_35975_1() { jQuery('#footnote_references_container_35975_1').show(); jQuery('#footnote_reference_container_collapse_button_35975_1').text('\u2212'); 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