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Ernest Dawn, &#8220;The Origins of Arab Nationalism,&#8221; in Rashid Khalidi, et al., eds., The Origins of Arab Nationalism, 19911991)\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 \u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0646 \u0622\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062b\u0648\u0630\u0643\u0633 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 (Hopwood, 1969; Hourani, 1947; Haddad, 1970).<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_2153_1_3').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_2153_1_3', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script>\u060c \u0648\u062c\u062f\u064e\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 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jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_2153_1_5').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_2153_1_5', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script>. \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0644\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u064e\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u062e\u0629\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0627\u0646\u0627 (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/SANA.Noticias\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u0648\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0629<\/a>) \u0641\u062a\u064e\u062d\u062a \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0629\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u064a\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u064a\u0627\u0631\/\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0648 2013. \u0623\u0645\u0651\u0627 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onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_2153_1('footnote_plugin_reference_2153_1_7');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_2153_1('footnote_plugin_reference_2153_1_7');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_2153_1_7\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">7<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_2153_1_7\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u0641\u064a\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0648\u0633 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0634\u0645\u0633\u060c &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0644.. \u0623\u062e\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0651\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629&#8221;\u060c 23 \u0622\u0628\/\u0623\u063a\u0633\u0637\u0633 2017\u060c \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649: <a href=\"http:\/\/institute.aljazeera.net\/ar\/ajr\/article\/2017\/08\/170823132230275.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">institute.aljazeera.net<\/a><\/span><\/span><script 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href=\"https:\/\/br.sputniknews.com\/brasil\/201609276422800-siria-guerra-estrangeiros-ajuda-humanitaria-brasileiros-mercenarios\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0645\u0639\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0631\u0633\u0644\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2016 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0651\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0641\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627<\/a>. \u0643\u0645\u0627\u00a0 \u0642\u0627\u0645\u062a <a href=\"http:\/\/www.diariosiriolibanes.com.ar\/Actualidad\/Siria\/Colectividad-chilena-env%C3%ADa-ambulancias-a-Siria\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0650\u064a\u064e\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0634\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0628\u062d\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064e 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\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062a\u062a\u0635\u0648\u0651\u0631 \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0642\u0648\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0651 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0637. \u0648\u0634\u0643\u0651\u0644\u062a \u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631\u0629\u064f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0648\u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0651\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062b\u0646\u064a\u0651\u0629\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629\u064e \u0644\u062a\u0623\u0637\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0636\u0645\u0646\u064e \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0636\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0633\u0644\u0637\u064e\u0648\u064a\u0651 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0629. \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u0628\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627: \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u062a \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u0626\u0629\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0633\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0645\u064e \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631\u064e \u0648\u0636\u0648\u062d\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u062a\u0631\u0628\u060c \u0642\u0648\u0651\u0636\u062a \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u0626\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0650\u0647 \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0651\u0629\u064e \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0647\u0648\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064e\u0643\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642\u064d \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u060c \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0651\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0641\u064a.<\/p>\n<p>\u0625\u0646\u064e\u0651 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0636\u064e \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u0650 \u0625\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627\u060c \u064a\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0651\u064a\u0646 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639\u0627\u064b \u0648\u064a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0651\u0627\u062c\u0626\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0651\u0647 \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0651\u0628 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631\u064e \u0628\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0646\u0629. \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0646 \u064a\u064e\u062c\u0646\u064a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0641\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0636\u0627\u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u0631-\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0631\u064a.<\/p>\n<div class=\"speaker-mute footnotes_reference_container\"> <div class=\"footnote_container_prepare\"><p><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_reference_container_label pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_expand_collapse_reference_container_2153_1();\">Endnotes<\/span><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_reference_container_collapse_button\" style=\"display: none;\" onclick=\"footnote_expand_collapse_reference_container_2153_1();\">[<a id=\"footnote_reference_container_collapse_button_2153_1\">+<\/a>]<\/span><\/p><\/div> <div id=\"footnote_references_container_2153_1\" style=\"\"><table class=\"footnotes_table footnote-reference-container\"><caption class=\"accessibility\">Endnotes<\/caption> <tbody> \r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_2153_1_1\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_2153_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_2153_1_1');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>1<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u00a0\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0648\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0630\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631 Karam 2007: 10-13; Pinto 2010: 15.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_2153_1_2\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_2153_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_2153_1_2');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>2<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0648\u0628\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0632\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0642\u0641\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u0631\u0639\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0641\u0643\u0643\u062a. \u0648\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627 \u064a\u062f\u0639\u0649 \u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u062f\u0645 \u0633\u0648\u0649 \u0628\u0636\u0639 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_2153_1_3\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_2153_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_2153_1_3');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>3<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u062c\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u062c\u0648\u0631\u062c \u0623\u0646\u0637\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0639\u0627\u0645 1938\u060c \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u064a\u062d\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0639\u0628\u0648\u0627 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627 \u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0643\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629. \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0642\u062f \u062d\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u062d\u062b \u0623\u062d\u062f\u062b (\u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631 C. Ernest Dawn, &#8220;The Origins of Arab Nationalism,&#8221; in Rashid Khalidi, et al., eds., The Origins of Arab Nationalism, 19911991)\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 \u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0646 \u0622\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062b\u0648\u0630\u0643\u0633 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 (Hopwood, 1969; Hourani, 1947; Haddad, 1970).<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_2153_1_4\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_2153_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_2153_1_4');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>4<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u00a0&#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647\u060c \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0628\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0628\u0633&#8221;\u060c \u0634\u0628\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062f\u060c \u0644\u0639\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0643 \u064a\u0627 \u0623\u0633\u062f&#8221;\u061b &#8220;\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u062d \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645 \u0646\u0641\u062f\u064a\u0643 \u064a\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0627\u0631&#8221;. \u0648\u064a\u064f\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0623\u0646\u0651 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u064a\u062d\u0629&#8221; \u0645\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0634\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0633\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0628\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u062f.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_2153_1_5\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_2153_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_2153_1_5');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>5<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u00a0\u0635\u0641\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0643 \u0644\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0628\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u062f \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0627\u064b \u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0629. \u0648\u0623\u0647\u0645\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0651\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u062e\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0644\u0643\u064f\u0647\u0627 \u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0637\u0644\u0642\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2010\u061b \u0650\u0648\u0622\u0628\u0646\u0627 (ABNA) \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0641\u062a\u062d\u062a \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0643 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0645\u0648\u0632\/\u064a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0648 2010\u061b \u0648&#8221;\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0631 \u062a\u064a \u0641\u064a&#8221; \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0623\u0648\u064e\u0651\u0644 \u0642\u0646\u0627\u0629 \u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062c\u0646\u062a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u062f\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631 2010\u061b \u0648 &#8220;\u062a\u0628\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u064a \u0641\u064a&#8221; \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u062a\u0644\u0641\u0632\u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0651 \u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062c\u0646\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u064f\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2012.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_2153_1_6\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_2153_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_2153_1_6');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>6<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u00a0\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0646\u062a \u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0651\u0647\u0627 \u0633\u062a\u0623\u062e\u0630 120 \u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0643\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0641\u0648\u0651\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0651\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0634\u0624\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0626\u064a\u0646. \u0648\u0633\u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0633\u062a\u0651\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\/\u0623\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0631 2017\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u064e\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0641\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0628\u0644. \u0648\u0623\u0639\u0627\u062f\u062a \u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u063a\u0648\u0627\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\/ \u0623\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0631 2014 \u062a\u0648\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064e\u0647\u0627 \u062e\u0645\u0633 \u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062a\u0639\u064a\u0634 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062e\u064a\u0651\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0626\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2014. \u0648\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062d\u062f\u062b \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0634\u064a\u0644\u064a\u060c \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0641\u0648\u0636\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0634\u0624\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0626\u064a\u0646. \u0648\u064a\u0628\u0644\u063a \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u064f \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0631 42 \u0634\u062e\u0635\u0627\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0623\u0644\u0651\u0641 \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0642\u0627\u0645\u062a \u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u063a\u0648\u0627\u064a \u0628\u062a\u0623\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0633\u0628\u0639 \u0623\u0633\u0631 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 &#8211; 72 \u0634\u062e\u0635\u0627 &#8211; \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u064e\u062c\u064e\u0644 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u0645\u0651\u0649. \u0641\u064a \u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0644\/ \u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 2015\u060c \u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0641\u0646\u0632\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0627 \u0646\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0648 \u0623\u0646\u064e\u0651 \u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f\u0651\u0647 \u0633\u062a\u0642\u0633\u0628\u0644 20.000 \u0644\u0627\u062c\u0626 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u064e\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0651\u0642.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_2153_1_7\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_2153_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_2153_1_7');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>7<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0641\u064a\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0648\u0633 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0634\u0645\u0633\u060c &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0644.. \u0623\u062e\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0651\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629&#8221;\u060c 23 \u0622\u0628\/\u0623\u063a\u0633\u0637\u0633 2017\u060c \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649: <a href=\"http:\/\/institute.aljazeera.net\/ar\/ajr\/article\/2017\/08\/170823132230275.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">institute.aljazeera.net<\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n <\/tbody> <\/table> <\/div><\/div><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> function footnote_expand_reference_container_2153_1() { jQuery('#footnote_references_container_2153_1').show(); 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