{"id":19938,"date":"2021-10-28T15:51:07","date_gmt":"2021-10-28T13:51:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ari26.arabregionhub.net\/?post_type=publication&#038;p=19938"},"modified":"2021-10-28T15:51:14","modified_gmt":"2021-10-28T13:51:14","slug":"%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%86%d8%b6%d8%a7%d9%84-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d8%b3%d9%8a%d8%a7%d9%82-%d8%a5%d8%b9%d8%a7%d8%af%d8%a9-%d8%a5%d8%b9%d9%85%d8%a7%d8%b1-%d9%85%d8%ae%d9%8a%d9%85-%d9%86%d9%87%d8%b1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a8","status":"publish","type":"publication","link":"https:\/\/ari26.arabregionhub.net\/ar\/publication\/%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%86%d8%b6%d8%a7%d9%84-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d8%b3%d9%8a%d8%a7%d9%82-%d8%a5%d8%b9%d8%a7%d8%af%d8%a9-%d8%a5%d8%b9%d9%85%d8%a7%d8%b1-%d9%85%d8%ae%d9%8a%d9%85-%d9%86%d9%87%d8%b1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a8\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0636\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062e\u064a\u0645 \u0646\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0626\u064a\u0646: \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627\u061f"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646\u060c \u064a\u064f\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0647\u0648\u062f \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062e\u064a\u0645 \u0646\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0626\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2007 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0639\u0642\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0636\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0648\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u0644\u062d\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0641\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627. \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0646\u0634\u0623 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062d\u0642\u0642\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 (\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0646\u0634\u0623\u0648\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062e\u064a\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0626\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0639\u064a\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0643\u0646 \u0639\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629) \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0624\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0634 \u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u064a\u0645. \u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0628\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062e\u064a\u0645 \u0646\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0634\u0647\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a.<\/p>\n<h2>1) \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0634\u0647\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u062e\u064a\u0645 \u0646\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0648\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629<\/h2>\n<p>\u062a\u0623\u0633\u0633 \u0645\u062e\u064a\u0645 \u0646\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0626\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\/\u062f\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1949 \u0644\u0625\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0626\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0632\u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1948 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0631\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0647\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0642\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_19938_1('footnote_plugin_reference_19938_1_1');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_19938_1('footnote_plugin_reference_19938_1_1');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_19938_1_1\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">1<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_19938_1_1\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u0625\u064a\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0628\u0650\u0647\u0652\u060c &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0647\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0642\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646&#8221;\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 (\u0623\u0643\u0633\u0641\u0648\u0631\u062f: \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0648\u0631\u0644\u062f\u060c 2007).<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_19938_1_1').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_19938_1_1', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0623\u0644\u0641 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u062a\u064a\u0646: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u064a\u0645 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a&#8221; \u0623\u0648 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645&#8221; \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0642\u0639 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0625\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0646\u0631\u0648\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1949\u060c \u0648\u0645\u062e\u064a\u0645 &#8220;\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a&#8221; \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0648\u0633\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0646\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0647 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0639\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u062d\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0639\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0634 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 30 \u0623\u0644\u0641 \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062e\u064a\u0645 \u0646\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0628\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u062a\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629\/\u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629\/\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a\u0629. \u062a\u062a\u0633\u0645 \u0647\u0627\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0642\u0633\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645. \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0641\u0628\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0648\u0628\u0646\u0648\u0627 \u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0633\u0643\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0624\u0648\u064a \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0646 30% \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u064a\u0645 \u0646\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0642\u0642 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0648\u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2007\u060c \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0645\u062e\u064a\u0645 \u0646\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0626\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636\u062a \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639\u062a\u0647 \u0644\u0623\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0629. \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u064a\u0645 \u0646\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0637\u0627\u062d\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u062a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0642\u062f \u0648\u0635\u0644\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u064a\u0645 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0623\u0634\u0647\u0631 \u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062a\u0627\u0644.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_19938_1('footnote_plugin_reference_19938_1_2');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_19938_1('footnote_plugin_reference_19938_1_2');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_19938_1_2\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">2<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_19938_1_2\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0648\u0644 &#8220;\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u062a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645&#8221;\u060c \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u061b \u0641\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646: \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062c\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u062a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645&#8221; (\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0642\u064a\u060c 2008)\u061b \u0625\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u062e \u062d\u0633\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0631\u064a \u062d\u0646\u0641\u064a\u060c &#8220;(\u0627\u0646\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0645) \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062e\u064a\u0645 \u0646\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f&#8221;\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u062f 40 \u0631\u0642\u0645 1 (\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\/\u0646\u0648\u0641\u0645\u0628\u0631 2010): \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0629 27 <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1525\/jps.2010.XL.1.027.-48\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1525\/jps.2010.XL.1.027.-48<\/span><\/a>.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_19938_1_2').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_19938_1_2', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0623\u062f\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u062e\u064a\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0626\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u063a\u0636\u0648\u0646 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0623\u0634\u0647\u0631.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0634\u0647\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u062e\u064a\u0645 \u0646\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2007 \u062c\u0632\u0621\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0627\u0645 2001 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0623\u0637\u0644\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0635\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629&#8221; \u0648&#8221;\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0628\u0648\u0637\u0629&#8221; \u0636\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0634\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0636\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0647\u0627\u0628 (\u062c\u0646\u064a\u0646 2004\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 2004\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a 2006\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642 2006\u060c \u063a\u0632\u0629 2007\u060c \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646 2010\u060c \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627).<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_19938_1('footnote_plugin_reference_19938_1_3');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_19938_1('footnote_plugin_reference_19938_1_3');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_19938_1_3\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">3<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_19938_1_3\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u062f\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0643 \u063a\u0631\u064a\u063a\u0648\u0631\u064a. \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a (The Colonial Present): \u0623\u0641\u063a\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642. \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649. \u0645\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a\u0634\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0633: \u0648\u0627\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0644\u0627\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0644\u060c 2004. Derek Gregory, <em>The Colonial Present: Afghanistan, Palestine, Iraq<\/em>, 1 edition (Malden, MA: Wiley-Blackwell, 2004).<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_19938_1_3').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_19938_1_3', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u0648\u0644\u0630\u0627\u060c \u064a\u064f\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u062e\u064a\u0645 \u0646\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0628\u0643\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0648\u0636\u0648\u062d\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0627\u0645 2011 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0630\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0644.<\/p>\n<p>\u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u062a\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u064a\u0645 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0634\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0634 \u0636\u062f \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u062a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0623\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0639\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0646\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0633\u0641\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u062a\u0644 \u0627\u062b\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0626\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0625\u0635\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_19938_1('footnote_plugin_reference_19938_1_4');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_19938_1('footnote_plugin_reference_19938_1_4');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_19938_1_4\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">4<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_19938_1_4\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">&#8220;\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646: \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0634 \u0623\u0639\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0646\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646: \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0625\u064a\u0642\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646&#8221;\u060c \u0647\u064a\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0631\u0627\u064a\u062a\u0633 \u0648\u0648\u062a\u0634\u060c 3 \u062a\u0645\u0648\u0632\/\u064a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0648\u060c 2007 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.hrw.org\/ar\/news\/2007\/07\/03\/232905\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/www.hrw.org\/ar\/news\/2007\/07\/03\/232905#<\/span><\/a> (\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a 2 \u0622\u0628\/\u0623\u063a\u0633\u0637\u0633\/ 2018).<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_19938_1_4').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_19938_1_4', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062f\u062b\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u062f\u062b \u0648\u0642\u0639\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062e\u064a\u0645 \u0646\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u062a\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u0645\u0628\u0631\u0631 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0636\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0646. \u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062a\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0638\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0638\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0634\u0647\u0631\u060c \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0642. \u0648\u0646\u0638\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0634 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u0623\u064a \u0639\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0628 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0634\u0647\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u062e\u064a\u0645 \u0646\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0626<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_19938_1('footnote_plugin_reference_19938_1_5');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_19938_1('footnote_plugin_reference_19938_1_5');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_19938_1_5\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">5<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_19938_1_5\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">(&#8220;\u0622\u062f\u0645 \u0631\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0646. &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0645\u062e\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0626\u064a\u0646&#8221;. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646 38\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f 1 (1 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\/\u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0631 2013): 65 \u2013 77\u060c \u0647\u0646\u0627 72\u061b\u00a0 \u0622\u0631 \u0643\u0646\u0648\u062f\u0633\u0646. &#8220;(\u0627\u0646\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0645) \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621&#8221;. \u0627\u0646\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062d\u0631\u0631\u0647 \u062c\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u062f\u0631\u0648 \u0645\u0627\u0643\u0646\u064a\u0634 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0644\u062f \u0633\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0644\u0627\u064a. (\u0646\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0648\u0631\u0643: \u0628\u064a\u0631\u062c\u0647\u0646\u060c 2010)\u060c 99-112\u060c \u0647\u0646\u0627 101. Adam Ramadan, \u201cSpatialising the Refugee Camp,\u201d <em>Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers<\/em> 38, no. 1 (2013): 65\u201377, here 72; Are Knudsen, \u201c(In)Security in a Space of Exception,\u201d in <em>Security and Development<\/em>, eds. John-Andrew McNeish and Jon Harald Sande Lie (New York: Berghahn, 2010), 99\u2013112, here 101.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_19938_1_5').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_19938_1_5', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0642\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u062c\u062f \u0623\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0637\u064a\u0644 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0626\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0641\u064a\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u062d\u060c \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0637\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627. \u0641\u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644\u0627 \u0647\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0646\u060c \u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0628 \u062f\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0647\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u0629 \u0644\u0633\u0628\u0644 \u0639\u064a\u0634 \u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0623\u0631\u0648\u0627\u062d\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628.<\/p>\n<h2>2) \u0631\u0624\u0649 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0629: \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a<\/h2>\n<p>\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062a\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0643\u0644\u0641\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0634\u0649 \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0646\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f. \u0648\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u0635\u062f\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0634 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0625\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0633\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0624\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u064a\u0645.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_19938_1('footnote_plugin_reference_19938_1_6');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_19938_1('footnote_plugin_reference_19938_1_6');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_19938_1_6\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">6<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_19938_1_6\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Ismae\u2019l Sheikh Hassan, \u201cOn Urbanism and Activism in Palestinian Refugee Camps\u201d (Phd Dissertation, belgium, KULeuven, 2015).<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_19938_1_6').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_19938_1_6', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062c\u0645 \u0639\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0633\u0645 \u0628\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0642\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0630\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u0633\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0634 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062e\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0644\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0647\u0627\u0628\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0628\u0634\u0646 \u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0639\u0635\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062e\u064a\u0645. \u0627\u062a\u0633\u0645\u062a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0642\u0642 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0648\u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u062d\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0632\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0626\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642. \u0648\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0631 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0645 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0622\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0626\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0626\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0632\u062d\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062e\u064a\u0645 \u0646\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0634\u0631\u0639\u0648\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0631\u0624\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062e\u064a\u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628. \u0648\u0642\u0627\u062f\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0623\u0633\u0633\u062a \u0645\u0624\u062e\u0631\u0627\u064b \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645 &#8220;\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062e\u064a\u0645 \u0646\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f. \u0641\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0623\u0633\u0633\u062a \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0650\u0628\u0644 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0635\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u064a\u0645.<\/p>\n<p>\u0625\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0642\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062a\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u064b. \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0623\u062f\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062e\u064a\u0645 \u0646\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0627\u062c\u0632\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0647\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u062e\u064a\u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0623\u0639\u062f\u0648\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0624\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0641\u0631\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0634. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u062a \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0647\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u0626\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0642\u062f\u0645\u062a \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0646:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0626\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u062a\u0631\u062d\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u061b<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u063a\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0632\u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u064a\u0645 \u0646\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0633\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627 -\u0645\u062e\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u062e\u064a\u0645 \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0626\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646- \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0633\u0647\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0645\u061b<\/li>\n<li>\u0625\u0642\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0641\u0636\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0633\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0627\u062a \u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0647\u0627 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0646\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0626\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0628\u0630\u0644\u0648\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0623\u0648\u0633\u0639.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a \u00a0\u0648\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062e\u064a\u0645 \u0646\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f \u060c \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0631\u0642\u062a \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0623\u0634\u0647\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u062e\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u062a\u0641\u0635\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0648\u0623\u062d\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0639\u062f\u062f\u0647\u0627 1,697\u060c \u0641\u0636\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0646 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0648\u0623\u062d\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0642\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u064a\u0645. \u0628\u064a\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0637 \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u062a\u064f\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0648\u062b\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0627\u062a\u0633\u0645\u062a \u0628\u0634\u0631\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0636\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u062a \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0636\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u062d\u0642\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0628\u062f\u0627 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0634\u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062d\u064a\u0644\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u062a \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062e\u064a\u0645 \u0646\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0642\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0634\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0646\u0631\u0648\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0643\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0646\u0631\u0648\u0627 \u0628\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062c\u0647\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062e\u064a\u0645 \u0646\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a. \u0648\u0646\u0638\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u063a\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0626\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649 (\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0646\u0631\u0648\u0627) \u0647\u064a \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u062c\u0647\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u063a\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0626\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1949\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0634\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0624\u062b\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631. \u0648\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u062d\u0638 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062e\u064a\u0645 \u0646\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f \u060c \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u062e\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0626\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u063a\u0632\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u0648\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0645\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u0624\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0646\u0631\u0648\u0627 \u0628\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0643\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0646\u0631\u0648\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062d\u0632\u0645\u0627\u064b \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0646\u0623\u062a \u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064f\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062d\u064a\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0631\u0628\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0647\u0643\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u0628\u0646\u0651\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0646\u0631\u0648\u0627 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062e\u064a\u0645 \u0646\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u0639\u062f\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629. \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637 \u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0646\u0631\u0648\u0627 \u0628\u0625\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0646\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0636\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062e\u0636\u0639 \u0623\u064a \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u064f\u062c\u0631\u0649 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629. \u0648\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u060c \u0633\u062a\u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0646\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062e\u0631\u0627\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0636\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0646.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0636 \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0641 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0646\u0631\u0648\u0627 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062e\u064a\u0645 \u0646\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0628\u0646\u0649 \u0631\u0624\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631. \u0648\u0647\u0643\u0630\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u0623\u062a \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0632\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062e\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0642\u0627\u062f\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0646\u0631\u0648\u0627 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062e\u064a\u0645 \u0646\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f. \u0648\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u062c\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0646\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0643\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u064a \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0648\u0642\u062f\u0635\u064f\u0646\u0651\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0643\u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0639\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u0624\u0647\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0627\u0626\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u063a\u0627 \u062e\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2010.<\/p>\n<h2>3) \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0642\u062a\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0646\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f<\/h2>\n<p>\u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0641 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u064a \u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062e\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a. \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u0642\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u064a\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u0637 \u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0634 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0648\u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0642\u064a\u0636 \u0639\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062e\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628. \u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628\u060c \u062d\u064f\u0631\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0628\u0634 \u0623\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0636 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0632\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0625\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0630 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0628\u0642\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0641\u064f\u0631\u0636 \u0643\u0631\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0645\u0651\u064e\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0645 \u062a\u064f\u0645\u0646\u062d \u062a\u0635\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062d \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0632\u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629 10 \u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0647\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644. \u0648\u0638\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637 \u200b\u200b\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0644\u064a- \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0642\u062f \u0641\u064f\u0631\u0636 \u0643\u0631\u062f\u0648\u0646\u0627\u064b \u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062e\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0639\u0627\u062f \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0623\u063a\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0632\u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u064a\u0645 \u0646\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631. \u0648\u062e\u0636\u0639 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0644\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0632 \u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0651\u0628 \u062f\u062e\u0648\u0644 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u064a\u0645 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0631\u0627\u062c \u062a\u0635\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062d \u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u062e\u0636\u0639 \u0625\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0647\u0643\u0630\u0627 \u0638\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f \u062e\u0627\u0636\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a \u064a\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u064a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0646\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0643\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0643\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u062e\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u063a\u0636\u0648\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0625\u0630\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0648\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0626\u064a\u0646.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u062f\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2012\u060c \u0628\u0639\u062f \u062d\u0627\u062f\u062b \u062a\u062d\u0631\u0634 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0623\u062e \u0648\u0634\u0642\u064a\u0642\u062a\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0645\u062e\u064a\u0645 \u0646\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f). \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0634\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062f\u062b\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0648\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0648\u062f \u0648\u0628\u062f\u0623\u0648\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0623\u0639\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u062a\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0634\u062f. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u063a\u0636\u0648\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0623\u064f\u0635\u064a\u0628 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0642\u0627\u0633\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631 15 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0628\u0631\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0623 \u0648\u0644\u0642\u0649 \u0625\u062b\u0631 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0646\u064e\u062d\u0652\u0628\u0647\u060c \u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u0646 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0634\u062f \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0636\u0628 \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0643\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a. \u0648\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0634\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0647\u0642\u0631\u062a \u0648\u0639\u0627\u062f\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u200b\u200b\u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2007.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u064a\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0645\u062e\u064a\u0645\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0634 \u062d\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0631\u0634\u0642\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0626\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0646\u064f\u0638\u0651\u0645 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0625\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0631\u064f\u0641\u0639\u062a \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0634\u0647\u0631\u060c \u0623\u0644\u063a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0634 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062d\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a \u0638\u0644\u0648\u0627 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0646.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0641\u064a \u063a\u0636\u0648\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u064f\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0626\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0645. \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u064a\u0645. \u0648\u0628\u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u062d\u064a \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0634 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0641\u062a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062d\u064a \u0645\u0627 \u0633\u0645\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0632\u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0624\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645 \u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0646\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u062a\u0635\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0646\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0648\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u0645 \u0623\u0632\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0626\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629 (\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644)\u060c \u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u0623\u062a \u0648\u062a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0646\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0648\u0643\u0627\u062f\u062a \u062a\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0641. \u0648\u0628\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2021\u060c \u0623\u064a \u0628\u0639\u062f 14 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u064f\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0633\u0648\u0649 \u062b\u0644\u062b\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u0642\u0637.<\/p>\n<h2>4) \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u062a\u0645\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0645\u062e\u064a\u0645 \u0646\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627<\/h2>\n<p>\u064a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0645\u062e\u064a\u0645 \u0646\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u0627\u064b \u062c\u064a\u062f\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0637\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u064a\u0641\u062a\u0642\u0631 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0626\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u064a\u0645 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0637\u0644\u0642\u0627\u064b \u2013 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0644\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0637\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0628\u0645\u062d\u0646\u0629 \u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u064a\u0645 \u0646\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0637 \u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646. \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u064a\u0645 \u0646\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0628\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0627\u064b \u062a\u0639\u062f \u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0627\u064b \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u064b. \u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646 &#8220;\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0636\u0639\u064a\u0641\u0629&#8221; \u0648\u0645\u0641\u0643\u0651\u0643\u0629 \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u064a\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0641\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0632\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0631\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0636\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u062c\u0632\u0626\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\/\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642\u060c \u0623\u062b\u0628\u062a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0639 \u0646\u0627\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u062e\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0646\u0631\u0648\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f \u0645\u0627. \u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0634\u062f \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u0630 \u0627\u0636\u0637\u0644\u0639 \u0646\u0634\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a \u0628\u062d\u0634\u062f \u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u064a\u0645 \u0646\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0644\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0637\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u062d\u0634\u062f \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0637\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u0643\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u062c\u0632\u0626\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u062c\u0632\u0626\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0648 \u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0636\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639.<\/p>\n<p>\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0636\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u00a0\u0633\u0648\u0641 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0646\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0648\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u062a\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u062f\u064a\u0645\u0648\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639. \u00a0\u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062a\u0628\u0642\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0628\u0630\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0633\u062c\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a\/\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0646 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u0647\u0645. \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0628\u0643\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0647\u0648\u062f \u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633 \u0633\u062c\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0645\u0641\u064a\u062f \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0628\u0630\u0644 \u062c\u0647\u062f \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0636\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062b\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0634\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a. \u062a\u064f\u0642\u062f\u0651\u0650\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062c\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0627\u0631\/\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062d\u062f\u062b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u062f \u0644\u0627\u0630\u0639 \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0636\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630\u0647\u0627. \u062a\u064f\u0634\u0643\u0650\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062c\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0648 \u062c\u0632\u0626\u064a\u0627\u064b.<\/p>\n<div class=\"speaker-mute footnotes_reference_container\"> <div class=\"footnote_container_prepare\"><p><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_reference_container_label pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_expand_collapse_reference_container_19938_1();\">Endnotes<\/span><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_reference_container_collapse_button\" style=\"display: none;\" onclick=\"footnote_expand_collapse_reference_container_19938_1();\">[<a id=\"footnote_reference_container_collapse_button_19938_1\">+<\/a>]<\/span><\/p><\/div> <div id=\"footnote_references_container_19938_1\" style=\"\"><table class=\"footnotes_table footnote-reference-container\"><caption class=\"accessibility\">Endnotes<\/caption> <tbody> \r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_19938_1_1\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_19938_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_19938_1_1');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>1<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0625\u064a\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0628\u0650\u0647\u0652\u060c &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0647\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0642\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646&#8221;\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 (\u0623\u0643\u0633\u0641\u0648\u0631\u062f: \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0648\u0631\u0644\u062f\u060c 2007).<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_19938_1_2\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_19938_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_19938_1_2');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>2<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0648\u0644 &#8220;\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u062a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645&#8221;\u060c \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u061b \u0641\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646: \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062c\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u062a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645&#8221; (\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0642\u064a\u060c 2008)\u061b \u0625\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u062e \u062d\u0633\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0631\u064a \u062d\u0646\u0641\u064a\u060c &#8220;(\u0627\u0646\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0645) \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062e\u064a\u0645 \u0646\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f&#8221;\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u062f 40 \u0631\u0642\u0645 1 (\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\/\u0646\u0648\u0641\u0645\u0628\u0631 2010): \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0629 27 <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1525\/jps.2010.XL.1.027.-48\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1525\/jps.2010.XL.1.027.-48<\/span><\/a>.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_19938_1_3\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_19938_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_19938_1_3');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>3<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u062f\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0643 \u063a\u0631\u064a\u063a\u0648\u0631\u064a. \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a (The Colonial Present): \u0623\u0641\u063a\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642. \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649. \u0645\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a\u0634\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0633: \u0648\u0627\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0644\u0627\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0644\u060c 2004. Derek Gregory, <em>The Colonial Present: Afghanistan, Palestine, Iraq<\/em>, 1 edition (Malden, MA: Wiley-Blackwell, 2004).<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_19938_1_4\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_19938_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_19938_1_4');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>4<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">&#8220;\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646: \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0634 \u0623\u0639\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0646\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646: \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0625\u064a\u0642\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646&#8221;\u060c \u0647\u064a\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0631\u0627\u064a\u062a\u0633 \u0648\u0648\u062a\u0634\u060c 3 \u062a\u0645\u0648\u0632\/\u064a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0648\u060c 2007 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.hrw.org\/ar\/news\/2007\/07\/03\/232905\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/www.hrw.org\/ar\/news\/2007\/07\/03\/232905#<\/span><\/a> (\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a 2 \u0622\u0628\/\u0623\u063a\u0633\u0637\u0633\/ 2018).<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_19938_1_5\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_19938_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_19938_1_5');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>5<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">(&#8220;\u0622\u062f\u0645 \u0631\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0646. &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0645\u062e\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0626\u064a\u0646&#8221;. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646 38\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f 1 (1 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\/\u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0631 2013): 65 \u2013 77\u060c \u0647\u0646\u0627 72\u061b\u00a0 \u0622\u0631 \u0643\u0646\u0648\u062f\u0633\u0646. &#8220;(\u0627\u0646\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0645) \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621&#8221;. \u0627\u0646\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062d\u0631\u0631\u0647 \u062c\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u062f\u0631\u0648 \u0645\u0627\u0643\u0646\u064a\u0634 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0644\u062f \u0633\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0644\u0627\u064a. (\u0646\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0648\u0631\u0643: \u0628\u064a\u0631\u062c\u0647\u0646\u060c 2010)\u060c 99-112\u060c \u0647\u0646\u0627 101. Adam Ramadan, \u201cSpatialising the Refugee Camp,\u201d <em>Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers<\/em> 38, no. 1 (2013): 65\u201377, here 72; Are Knudsen, \u201c(In)Security in a Space of Exception,\u201d in <em>Security and Development<\/em>, eds. John-Andrew McNeish and Jon Harald Sande Lie (New York: Berghahn, 2010), 99\u2013112, here 101.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_19938_1_6\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_19938_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_19938_1_6');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>6<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Ismae\u2019l Sheikh Hassan, \u201cOn Urbanism and Activism in Palestinian Refugee Camps\u201d (Phd Dissertation, belgium, KULeuven, 2015).<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n <\/tbody> <\/table> <\/div><\/div><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> function footnote_expand_reference_container_19938_1() { jQuery('#footnote_references_container_19938_1').show(); jQuery('#footnote_reference_container_collapse_button_19938_1').text('\u2212'); } function footnote_collapse_reference_container_19938_1() { jQuery('#footnote_references_container_19938_1').hide(); jQuery('#footnote_reference_container_collapse_button_19938_1').text('+'); } function footnote_expand_collapse_reference_container_19938_1() { if (jQuery('#footnote_references_container_19938_1').is(':hidden')) { footnote_expand_reference_container_19938_1(); } else { footnote_collapse_reference_container_19938_1(); } } function footnote_moveToReference_19938_1(p_str_TargetID) { footnote_expand_reference_container_19938_1(); var l_obj_Target = jQuery('#' + p_str_TargetID); if (l_obj_Target.length) { jQuery( 'html, body' ).delay( 0 ); jQuery('html, body').animate({ scrollTop: l_obj_Target.offset().top - window.innerHeight * 0.2 }, 380); } } function footnote_moveToAnchor_19938_1(p_str_TargetID) { footnote_expand_reference_container_19938_1(); var l_obj_Target = jQuery('#' + p_str_TargetID); if (l_obj_Target.length) { jQuery( 'html, body' ).delay( 0 ); jQuery('html, body').animate({ scrollTop: l_obj_Target.offset().top - window.innerHeight * 0.2 }, 380); } }<\/script>","protected":false},"featured_media":19925,"menu_order":0,"template":"","categories":[44],"tags":[282,94,84],"class_list":["post-19938","publication","type-publication","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-44","tag-282","tag-94","tag-84"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ari26.arabregionhub.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/publication\/19938","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ari26.arabregionhub.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/publication"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ari26.arabregionhub.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/publication"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/ari26.arabregionhub.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/publication\/19938\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":19939,"href":"https:\/\/ari26.arabregionhub.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/publication\/19938\/revisions\/19939"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ari26.arabregionhub.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/19925"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ari26.arabregionhub.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=19938"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ari26.arabregionhub.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=19938"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ari26.arabregionhub.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=19938"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}