{"id":17961,"date":"2021-04-07T12:17:41","date_gmt":"2021-04-07T10:17:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ari26.arabregionhub.net\/?post_type=publication&#038;p=17961"},"modified":"2023-01-11T14:15:30","modified_gmt":"2023-01-11T13:15:30","slug":"%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a2%d8%ab%d8%a7%d8%b1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a8%d9%8a%d8%a6%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d9%84%d9%84%d8%b5%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%b9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%88%d8%b1%d9%8a-%d8%af%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%b3%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d8%b3","status":"publish","type":"publication","link":"https:\/\/ari26.arabregionhub.net\/ar\/publication\/%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a2%d8%ab%d8%a7%d8%b1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a8%d9%8a%d8%a6%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d9%84%d9%84%d8%b5%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%b9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%88%d8%b1%d9%8a-%d8%af%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%b3%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d8%b3\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0627\u0644\u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a: \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 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\u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062f\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a\u061b \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.hrw.org\/news\/2015\/04\/13\/syria-chemicals-used-idlib-attacks\">\u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629<\/a> \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0634\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0622\u0630\u0627\u0631\/\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0648\u0646\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0646\/\u0623\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0623\u064a\u0627\u0631\/\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0648 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2015. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062d\u0644\u062a \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0629 18 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 (\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 92 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629) \u0639\u0627\u0645 2019\u060c \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u0628\u0644\u063a \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629&#8221; (PM2.5) \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0623\u0636\u0639\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0649 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629&#8221; \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629: \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0632\u062f\u0627\u062f\u062a \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0633\u0628\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 17% \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064a 2010 \u06482017\u060c \u0628\u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a 7,684 \u0634\u062e\u0635\u061b \u0648\u062a\u064f\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0625\u0644\u0649 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629&#8221; <a href=\"https:\/\/ourworldindata.org\/grapher\/death-rates-from-air-pollution\">1,625 \u0644\u0643\u0644 100 \u0623\u0644\u0641<\/a> \u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627. \u0641\u0636\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0641\u0627\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062c\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u0629: \u0625\u0630 \u064a\u064f\u0642\u062f\u0651\u064e\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0628\u0646\u062d\u0648 0.6% &#8211; 1.42% \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u061b \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0632\u0627\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629\/\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0641\u0627\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062c\u0632 \u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 <a href=\"http:\/\/www.healthdata.org\/syria\">16.5%<\/a> \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064a 2007 \u06482017. \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0627\u060c \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629&#8221; \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u063a\u0644\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0630\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u062d \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0630\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 (\u0634\u0648 \u0648\u0622\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646\u060c 2015).<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-17970\" src=\"https:\/\/d2uecu6cucl1lj.cloudfront.net\/ari\/2021\/04\/25181501\/figure-1-the-environmental-impact-of-syrias-conflict-a-preliminary-survey-of-issues-720x273.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"720\" height=\"273\" srcset=\"https:\/\/d2uecu6cucl1lj.cloudfront.net\/ari\/2021\/04\/25181501\/figure-1-the-environmental-impact-of-syrias-conflict-a-preliminary-survey-of-issues-720x273.jpg 720w, https:\/\/d2uecu6cucl1lj.cloudfront.net\/ari\/2021\/04\/25181501\/figure-1-the-environmental-impact-of-syrias-conflict-a-preliminary-survey-of-issues-1440x547.jpg 1440w, https:\/\/d2uecu6cucl1lj.cloudfront.net\/ari\/2021\/04\/25181501\/figure-1-the-environmental-impact-of-syrias-conflict-a-preliminary-survey-of-issues-768x292.jpg 768w, https:\/\/d2uecu6cucl1lj.cloudfront.net\/ari\/2021\/04\/25181501\/figure-1-the-environmental-impact-of-syrias-conflict-a-preliminary-survey-of-issues-1536x583.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 720px) 100vw, 720px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u0634\u0643\u0644 1: \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b \u0628\u0640&#8221;\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629&#8221; (PM2.5) \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064a 2010 \u06482017 (\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u060c 2017)<\/p>\n<h2>\u0627\u0646\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062b\u0627\u062a \u063a\u0627\u0632 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0643\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646<\/h2>\n<p>\u0623\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0646\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0646\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062b\u0627\u062a \u063a\u0627\u0632 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0643\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0644\u062d\u0642 \u0628\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062b\u0627\u062a)\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0631\u062f\u0651\u0650\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0637\u0644 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u062d\u0642\u062a \u0628\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0643\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u062a\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0648\u062d\u0645\u0635. \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0634\u0643\u0644 2 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062b\u0627\u062a \u0628\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-17979\" src=\"https:\/\/d2uecu6cucl1lj.cloudfront.net\/ari\/2021\/04\/25181500\/Figure-2-the-environmental-impact-of-syrias-conflict-a-preliminary-survey-of-issue-Arabic-720x405.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"720\" height=\"405\" srcset=\"https:\/\/d2uecu6cucl1lj.cloudfront.net\/ari\/2021\/04\/25181500\/Figure-2-the-environmental-impact-of-syrias-conflict-a-preliminary-survey-of-issue-Arabic-720x405.jpg 720w, https:\/\/d2uecu6cucl1lj.cloudfront.net\/ari\/2021\/04\/25181500\/Figure-2-the-environmental-impact-of-syrias-conflict-a-preliminary-survey-of-issue-Arabic-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/d2uecu6cucl1lj.cloudfront.net\/ari\/2021\/04\/25181500\/Figure-2-the-environmental-impact-of-syrias-conflict-a-preliminary-survey-of-issue-Arabic.jpg 1280w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 720px) 100vw, 720px\" \/><\/p>\n<table width=\"409\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0626\u0629<\/td>\n<td>0 \u0637\u0646<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a<\/td>\n<td>5 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0637\u0646<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u064a\u064a\u062f<\/td>\n<td>10 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0637\u0646<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td>15 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0637\u0646<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629<\/td>\n<td>20 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0637\u0646<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0648\u062f<\/td>\n<td>25 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0637\u0646<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062b\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0629<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0650\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u0634\u0643\u0644 2: \u0627\u0646\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062b\u0627\u062a \u063a\u0627\u0632 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0643\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627\u060c \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064a 2005 \u06482016<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631: \u0627\u0646\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062b\u0627\u062a \u063a\u0627\u0632 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0643\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639\u060c \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627 (\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 &#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/ourworldindata.org\/grapher\/co-emissions-by-sector?time=2005..latest&amp;country=~SYR\">\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a<\/a>&#8220;)<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0627\u0646\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062b\u0627\u062a \u063a\u0627\u0632 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0643\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646 (\u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0634\u0643\u0644 3)\u061b \u0648\u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062b\u0627\u062a \u0642\u062f \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u062a \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0644\u0635 \u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 28% \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064a 2011 \u06482015 (\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c 2017). \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636\u062a \u0645\u062d\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u060c \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636\u062a \u0644\u0623\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u062a\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0628 \u0648\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0622\u062a. \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u062d\u0627\u0644\u064e \u0646\u0642\u0635\u064f \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0632\u0644 \u0648\u0632\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u064a\u0644 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0622\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0641\u0633\u0631 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062b\u0627\u062a (\u0639\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0623\u0631\u0634\u062f\u060c 2017). \u0648\u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u062a \u0627\u0646\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062b\u0627\u062a \u063a\u0627\u0632 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0643\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0646\u062a \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0628\u064a\u062f \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627 (\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0644 \u0639\u0646 60% \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636\u062a \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0627\u0628).<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0646\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062b\u0627\u062a \u063a\u0627\u0632 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0643\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0649 \u0628\u0647\u0627. \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0648\u0635\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0646\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062b\u0627\u062a \u063a\u0627\u0632 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0643\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 <a href=\"https:\/\/ourworldindata.org\/co2\/country\/syria?country=~SYR\">26.96 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0637\u0646<\/a> \u0639\u0627\u0645 2019 (\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 &#8220;\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a&#8221;\u060c 2019)\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0633\u0641\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f 1.4 \u062a\u0631\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 (\u0625\u0630 \u062a\u064f\u0642\u062f\u0651\u064e\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0646\u062d\u0648 50 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0637\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062b\u0627\u062a \u063a\u0627\u0632 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0643\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a)\u060c \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u0638\u0648\u0627\u0647\u0631 \u062c\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0641\u0627\u0641\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0646\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 &#8211; \u0645\u0645\u0627\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0627 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628.<\/p>\n<p>\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0643\u064e\u0628 \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636\u064e \u0627\u0646\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062b\u0627\u062a \u063a\u0627\u0632 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0643\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b\u064f \u0623\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649. \u0641\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644\u062a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u062e\u0637\u0631\u0629 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\u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0623\u062f\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b \u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0623\u062f\u0649 <a href=\"https:\/\/bit.ly\/2PI5nHV\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0637<\/a> \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0631\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0639\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u062a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0634\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0623\u062f\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u064f\u0631\u0628\u0651\u0650\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0634\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0639\u064a\u0646.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-17982\" src=\"https:\/\/d2uecu6cucl1lj.cloudfront.net\/ari\/2021\/04\/25181459\/figure-3-the-environmental-impact-of-syrias-conflict-a-preliminary-survey-of-issues-Arabic-720x428.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"720\" height=\"428\" srcset=\"https:\/\/d2uecu6cucl1lj.cloudfront.net\/ari\/2021\/04\/25181459\/figure-3-the-environmental-impact-of-syrias-conflict-a-preliminary-survey-of-issues-Arabic-720x428.jpg 720w, https:\/\/d2uecu6cucl1lj.cloudfront.net\/ari\/2021\/04\/25181459\/figure-3-the-environmental-impact-of-syrias-conflict-a-preliminary-survey-of-issues-Arabic-768x457.jpg 768w, https:\/\/d2uecu6cucl1lj.cloudfront.net\/ari\/2021\/04\/25181459\/figure-3-the-environmental-impact-of-syrias-conflict-a-preliminary-survey-of-issues-Arabic.jpg 965w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 720px) 100vw, 720px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u0634\u0643\u0644 3: \u0627\u0646\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062b\u0627\u062a \u063a\u0627\u0632 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0643\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646\u060c \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064a 2005 \u06482018<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631: \u0627\u0646\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062b\u0627\u062a \u063a\u0627\u0632 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0643\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639\u060c \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627 (\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 &#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/ourworldindata.org\/grapher\/co-emissions-by-sector?time=2005..latest&amp;country=~SYR\">\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a<\/a>&#8220;)<\/p>\n<table width=\"128\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0646\u062a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0625\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0637<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0645<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2>\u0627\u062c\u062a\u062b\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a<\/h2>\n<p>\u0641\u0642\u062f\u062a \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627 20.4% \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062c\u0631\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064a 2012 \u06482019 (\u0628\u0627\u0643\u0633\u060c 2020)\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0623\u062b\u0631\u062a \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u062a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0630\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u062f\u0644\u0628 \u0628\u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0628\u0644\u063a\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0630\u0642\u064a\u0629 10% \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0625\u062f\u0644\u0628 27% \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062c\u0631\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064a 2011 \u06482014 (\u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644 89% \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0642\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062c\u0631\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627). \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/349301734_An_Assessment_of_Forest_Cover_Change_and_Its_Driving_Forces_in_the_Syrian_Coastal_Region_during_a_Period_of_Conflict_2010_to_2020\">\u0646\u0636\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064e\u0631\u064e\u062c\u064a<\/a> \u0628\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639\u060c \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062c\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 (\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f\u060c 2021).<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u062b\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0632\u062f\u0627\u062f \u062a\u0648\u0627\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0634\u062f\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627. \u0641\u0641\u064a <a href=\"https:\/\/reliefweb.int\/report\/syrian-arab-republic\/ocha-syria-flash-update-01-humanitarian%20impact-wildfires-coastal-areas\">\u0639\u0627\u0645 2020<\/a> \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0647 \u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0646 9 \u0622\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0647\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0644\u062d\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0631 \u0628\u0646\u062d\u0648 140 \u0623\u0644\u0641 \u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0636\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0646 \u0641\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0625\u0645\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0648\u0642\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u0631\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0641\u064a\u0627\u062a (\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0624\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c 2020). \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0623\u0646 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/349301734_An_Assessment_of_Forest_Cover_Change_and_Its_Driving_Forces_in_the_Syrian_Coastal_Region_during_a_Period_of_Conflict_2010_to_2020\">\u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0646\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0639 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0642<\/a> \u0647\u064a \u062d\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0634\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627 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\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0644\u0639\u062a [\u0628\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0630\u0642\u064a\u0629] \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064e\u0641\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u062c\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u062f\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0630\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0623\u062f\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0633\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0634 \u0648\u0639\u0631\u0651\u064e\u0636 <a href=\"http:\/\/www.fao.org\/resilience\/actualites-evenements\/histoire-detail\/fr\/c\/1152635\/\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0627\u0626\u064a<\/a> \u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0631.<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u062c\u062a\u062b\u0627\u062b 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href=\"https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/324208654_Socio-economic_impacts_in_a_Changing_Climate_Case_Study_Syria_Duygu_Ulker_Orhan_Erguven_and_Cem_Gazioglu_Socio-economic_impacts_in_a_Changing_Climate_Case_Study_Syria\">\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631<\/a> \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0651 [\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0631]. \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0627\u060c \u0644\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0651\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0627\u0631\u0632\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0641\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u0625\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0623\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0629 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href=\"https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/325421521_Planning_for_sustainable_development_and_environmental_protection_in_post-conflict_phase_-_case_study_Syria\">\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629\u064b \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/a> \u062a\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0633\u0648\u0621 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a<\/h2>\n<p>\u0639\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0646\u0634\u0648\u0628 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u060c 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\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u064a\u064f\u0642\u062f\u0651\u064e\u0631 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/325421521_Planning_for_sustainable_development_and_environmental_protection_in_post-conflict_phase_-_case_study_Syria\">850 \u0637\u0646 \u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0627\u064b<\/a>\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628. \u062a\u062c\u062a\u0630\u0628 \u062a\u0644\u0643 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/325421521_Planning_for_sustainable_development_and_environmental_protection_in_post-conflict_phase_-_case_study_Syria\">\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0632\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0639\u0629<\/a> \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0636\u064e \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0639\u0631\u0651\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u064a 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\u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0623\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/314103438_Spatial_assessment_of_soil_erosion_in_Alqerdaha_basin_Syria\">\u0633\u0647\u0651\u0644 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062d<\/a> \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0648\u0632\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0631\u0635 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2010 \u06482014 (\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0648\u0622\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646\u060c 2020).<\/p>\n<p>\u0623\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0641 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0634\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0633\u0631\u062d\u0627\u064b <a href=\"https:\/\/carnegieendowment.org\/2015\/06\/04\/food-insecurity-in-war-torn-syria-from-decades-of-self-sufficiency-to-food-dependence-pub-60320\">\u0644\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u064a\u0641\u0629 -\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u062f\u0629<\/a> \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0648\u0634\u0631\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0627 (\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0643\u0627\u0631\u0646\u064a\u063a\u064a\u060c 2015)- \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0647\u0648\u0631. \u0648\u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0630\u062e\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064f\u0645 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0629\u060c 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\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0643\u064a \u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 63\u066a.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0639\u0627\u0646\u0649 \u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0627 16 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064e\u064a 2011 \u06482016 -\u0623\u064a \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 <a href=\"https:\/\/reliefweb.int\/report\/syrian-arab-republic\/special-report-%20faowfp-crop-and-food-security-assessment-mission-syrian-3\">41\u066a<\/a> \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629- \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0642\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0648\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644 (\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0635 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u062e\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0630\u0648\u0631) (\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c 2019). \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0623\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0625\u0644\u0649 <a href=\"https:\/\/bit.ly\/2PKMgwV\">\u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0631\u0648\u0639\u0629<\/a> \u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 30\u066a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 50\u066a. \u0648\u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u062d \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0641\u060c \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0646\u0634\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639\u061b \u0641\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0647 \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0635\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0645\u062d. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 <a href=\"https:\/\/bit.ly\/3rXHdpS\">50\u066a<\/a> \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a 2016\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u062f\u0651 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.wfp.org\/stories\/10-facts-about-hunger-syria\">40\u066a<\/a> \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0627 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639. \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0623\u062f\u0649 \u0643\u0644\u064c\u0651 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0648\u062f (\u0625\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0627\u064b \u0623\u0635\u0644\u0627\u064b) -\u0648\u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0644\u0628 \u0648\u0625\u062f\u0644\u0628- \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.mercycorps.org\/articles\/syria\/syrian-farmers-sow-seeds-hope-mercy-corpsagriculture-program\">\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0630\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0645\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a<\/a>\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0636\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0634\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0646\u0642\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0646\u0642\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0632\u0651\u0623\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0646\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 <a href=\"https:\/\/bit.ly\/3rYc1XR\">\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062f<\/a>\u060c \u00a0\u0643\u0644 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0623\u062f\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a 2016 <a href=\"https:\/\/bit.ly\/3wCId6K\">\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629<\/a>. \u0641\u064a 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\u0628\u064a\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 -\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629- \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0621 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0650\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u0644 \u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0651 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 -\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062c\u0645 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0641\u064a \u062a\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0642\u062a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b- \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0641 \u0644\u0650\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u062c\u0647\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0627\u064b.<\/p>\n<p>\u0633\u0648\u0641 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u0644 \u0644\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062f \u064a\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0648\u0627\u063a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0636\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 -\u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f- \u0641\u064a \u0631\u0633\u0645 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0644\u062e\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0648\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0636\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0629.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639<\/h2>\n<p>Abdo, Hazem Ghassan. 2018. &#8220;Impacts of war in Syria on vegetation dynamics and erosion risks in\u00a0\u00a0 Safita\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 area, Tartous, Syria&#8221;. 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Issue 6, February 2017. <a href=\"http:\/\/www.acu-sy.org\/en\/wpcontent\/uploads\/2017\/04\/ACU-IMU-DYNAMO-6-Eng.pdf\">http:\/\/www.acu-sy.org\/en\/wpcontent\/uploads\/2017\/04\/ACU-IMU-DYNAMO-6-Eng.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Ahmad L. Reshaping Suburbs in the Framework of Sustainable Environmental Neighborhoods. Paper presented in the 1st engineering conference on \u201cDevelopment Priorities and Reconstruction\u201d, August 16-18, 2015, Lattakia, Syria. (In Arabic).<\/p>\n<p>Aoun, Joy-Fares; Arshad, Raja Rehan.2017. Syria damage assessment of selected cities Aleppo, Hama,\u00a0 Idlib\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 (English). 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