{"id":16286,"date":"2021-01-08T11:37:56","date_gmt":"2021-01-08T10:37:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ari26.arabregionhub.net\/?post_type=publication&#038;p=16286"},"modified":"2021-01-08T12:56:17","modified_gmt":"2021-01-08T11:56:17","slug":"%d8%b3%d9%8a%d8%a7%d8%b3%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%a5%d8%b9%d8%a7%d8%af%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%aa%d8%af%d9%88%d9%8a%d8%b1-%d9%85%d9%86-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%82%d8%a7%d8%b9-%d8%a5%d9%84%d9%89-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%82%d9%85","status":"publish","type":"publication","link":"https:\/\/ari26.arabregionhub.net\/ar\/publication\/%d8%b3%d9%8a%d8%a7%d8%b3%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%a5%d8%b9%d8%a7%d8%af%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%aa%d8%af%d9%88%d9%8a%d8%b1-%d9%85%d9%86-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%82%d8%a7%d8%b9-%d8%a5%d9%84%d9%89-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%82%d9%85\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0639 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u0629: 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https:\/\/d2uecu6cucl1lj.cloudfront.net\/ari\/2021\/01\/25181543\/1-Saleh-768x1024.jpg 768w, https:\/\/d2uecu6cucl1lj.cloudfront.net\/ari\/2021\/01\/25181543\/1-Saleh-1152x1536.jpg 1152w, https:\/\/d2uecu6cucl1lj.cloudfront.net\/ari\/2021\/01\/25181543\/1-Saleh-1536x2048.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/d2uecu6cucl1lj.cloudfront.net\/ari\/2021\/01\/25181543\/1-Saleh-scaled.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 540px) 100vw, 540px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-16287\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u062f\u0639 \u062e\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c 20 \u0634\u0628\u0627\u0637\/\u0641\u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2017.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h2>\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064e \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0631\u061f<\/h2>\n<p>\u0631\u0628\u0651\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0641\u0643\u0643\u062a 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class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_16286_1('footnote_plugin_reference_16286_1_2');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_16286_1('footnote_plugin_reference_16286_1_2');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_16286_1_2\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">2<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_16286_1_2\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Alexander, Catherine and Reno, Joshua. 2012. Introduction. In: Catherine Alexander and Joshua Reno, eds. Economies of recycling: global transformations of materials, values and social relations. London: Zed Books, 1\u201335.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_16286_1_2').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_16286_1_2', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script><\/p>\n<p>\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f\u0651 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064c \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0651 \u0641\u064a &#8220;\u0627\u062a\u0651\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0632\u0644 \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0651\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f&#8221;\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0635\u0627\u062f\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.recyclingtoday.com\/article\/basel-convention-threatens-scrap-trade\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 1994<\/a>. \u0625\u0630 \u062a\u064f\u0639\u0631\u0651\u0650\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0651\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0651\u0647\u0627 \u0646\u0641\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0635\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0646\u0641\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062e\u0637\u064a\u0631\u0629. 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\u062a\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0639\u0647\u0627<\/a> \u0627\u0646\u062f\u0644\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0651 \u0641\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0651\u0641\u062a \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0645\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0651\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0646\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644\u064d \u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0651 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0623\u064a\u0627\u0631\/\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0648 2018\u060c \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0631\u0627\u0626\u062f \u062e\u0648\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0628\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0632\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062c\u064f\u0639\u064e \u0639\u0646 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\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0651\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u0651\u064a\u0651\u0629. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0631\u062f\u0651\u062a \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0628\u0625\u064a\u0642\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062f \u062e\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0623\u062b\u0651\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u062f\u0639\u0627\u062a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.almodon.com\/economy\/2019\/2\/26\/%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%A7-%D8%AA%D8%A8%D8%AA%D8%B2-%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%86-%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%B3%D9%83%D9%88%D9%8A%D8%AA-%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AE%D8%B1%D8%AF%D8%A9\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u0646\u0641\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u062f\u0629<\/a>. \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u062e\u0641\u062a \u062d\u062f\u0629 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.albawaba.com\/business\/turkey-hits-back-lebanon-and-bans-2-cargo-ships-1217998\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062a\u0651\u0631<\/a> \u0645\u0639 \u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 2019\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0639\u0642\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0636\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064e \u201d\u062d\u0642\u0651\u0627\u064b\u201c \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f 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id=\"footnote_references_container_16286_1\" style=\"\"><table class=\"footnotes_table footnote-reference-container\"><caption class=\"accessibility\">Endnotes<\/caption> <tbody> \r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_16286_1_1\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_16286_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_16286_1_1');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>1<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0628\u062f\u0623\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0643\u0632\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0641\u0639\u062a \u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u062f\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646. \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 (2018-2019) \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a &#8211; &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0641\u0642\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629: \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u0651\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0651\u0635\u0627\u062a&#8221; \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 &#8220;\u0623\u0646\u062f\u0631\u0648 \u0645\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0646&#8221; . \u0648\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0632\u062f\u0647\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0646\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645 &#8220;\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0632\u0648\u062d \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0629&#8221; \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_16286_1_2\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_16286_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_16286_1_2');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>2<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Alexander, Catherine and Reno, Joshua. 2012. Introduction. In: Catherine Alexander and Joshua Reno, eds. Economies of recycling: global transformations of materials, values and social relations. London: Zed Books, 1\u201335.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n <\/tbody> <\/table> <\/div><\/div><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> function footnote_expand_reference_container_16286_1() { jQuery('#footnote_references_container_16286_1').show(); jQuery('#footnote_reference_container_collapse_button_16286_1').text('\u2212'); } function footnote_collapse_reference_container_16286_1() { jQuery('#footnote_references_container_16286_1').hide(); jQuery('#footnote_reference_container_collapse_button_16286_1').text('+'); } function footnote_expand_collapse_reference_container_16286_1() { if (jQuery('#footnote_references_container_16286_1').is(':hidden')) { footnote_expand_reference_container_16286_1(); } else { footnote_collapse_reference_container_16286_1(); } } function footnote_moveToReference_16286_1(p_str_TargetID) { footnote_expand_reference_container_16286_1(); var l_obj_Target = jQuery('#' + p_str_TargetID); if (l_obj_Target.length) { jQuery( 'html, body' ).delay( 0 ); jQuery('html, body').animate({ scrollTop: l_obj_Target.offset().top - window.innerHeight * 0.2 }, 380); } } function footnote_moveToAnchor_16286_1(p_str_TargetID) { footnote_expand_reference_container_16286_1(); var l_obj_Target = jQuery('#' + p_str_TargetID); if (l_obj_Target.length) { jQuery( 'html, body' ).delay( 0 ); jQuery('html, body').animate({ scrollTop: l_obj_Target.offset().top - window.innerHeight * 0.2 }, 380); } }<\/script>","protected":false},"featured_media":16371,"menu_order":0,"template":"","categories":[22],"tags":[247,486,84],"class_list":["post-16286","publication","type-publication","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-22","tag-247","tag-486","tag-84"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ari26.arabregionhub.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/publication\/16286","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ari26.arabregionhub.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/publication"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ari26.arabregionhub.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/publication"}],"version-history":[{"count":9,"href":"https:\/\/ari26.arabregionhub.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/publication\/16286\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":16379,"href":"https:\/\/ari26.arabregionhub.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/publication\/16286\/revisions\/16379"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ari26.arabregionhub.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/16371"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ari26.arabregionhub.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=16286"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ari26.arabregionhub.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=16286"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ari26.arabregionhub.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=16286"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}