{"id":12392,"date":"2020-08-28T14:44:15","date_gmt":"2020-08-28T12:44:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ari26.arabregionhub.net\/?post_type=publication&#038;p=12392"},"modified":"2020-09-21T06:46:53","modified_gmt":"2020-09-21T04:46:53","slug":"%d9%85%d8%aa%d9%89-%d8%aa%d9%86%d8%aa%d9%87%d9%8a-%d8%ad%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a5%d9%86%d9%83%d8%a7%d8%b1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%86%d8%b5%d8%b1%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%b6%d8%af-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b3","status":"publish","type":"publication","link":"https:\/\/ari26.arabregionhub.net\/ar\/publication\/%d9%85%d8%aa%d9%89-%d8%aa%d9%86%d8%aa%d9%87%d9%8a-%d8%ad%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a5%d9%86%d9%83%d8%a7%d8%b1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%86%d8%b5%d8%b1%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%b6%d8%af-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b3\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0645\u062a\u0649 \u062a\u0646\u062a\u0647\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0643\u0627\u0631: \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0636\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f \u0641\u064a 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class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_12392_1_8').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_12392_1_8', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script><\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u062a\u0639\u0642\u062f\u062a \u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f 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id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_12392_1_9\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u00a0 \u0633\u062a\u064a\u0641\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0633\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 )\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u060c IRMC 2012).<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_12392_1_9').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_12392_1_9', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0623\u062f\u062a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0632\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062a\u0644\u060c \u0636\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0646 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onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_12392_1('footnote_plugin_reference_12392_1_12');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_12392_1_12\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">12<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_12392_1_12\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.jadaliyya.com\/Details\/29222\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/www.jadaliyya.com\/Details\/29222<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_12392_1_12').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_12392_1_12', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2018\u060c \u0642\u0627\u0645 \u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u062c\u0647\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0645\u0627\u062b\u0644\u0629.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_12392_1('footnote_plugin_reference_12392_1_13');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_12392_1('footnote_plugin_reference_12392_1_13');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_12392_1_13\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">13<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_12392_1_13\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Alessandra Bajec, \u201cAs Tunisia Makes Racism Illegal, Where are Morocco and Algeria?\u201d 29 October 2018, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.trtworld.com\/magazine\/as-tunisia-makes-racism-illegal-where-are-morocco-and-algeria-21157\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/www.trtworld.com\/magazine\/as-tunisia-makes-racism-illegal-where-are-morocco-and-algeria-21157<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_12392_1_13').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_12392_1_13', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', 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\u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u064a\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0648\u0623 \u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0636\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_12392_1('footnote_plugin_reference_12392_1_14');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_12392_1('footnote_plugin_reference_12392_1_14');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_12392_1_14\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">14<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_12392_1_14\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Stephen J. King, \u201cBlack Arabs and African Migrants: between slavery and racism in North Africa\u201d, <em>The Journal of North African Studies<\/em> 2019\/10\/04 DOI:\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/deref\/http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1080%2F13629387.2019.1670645\">10.1080\/13629387.2019.1670645<\/a><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_12392_1_14').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_12392_1_14', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u0628\u062f\u0621\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c \u064a\u064f\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f 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\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u062a. \u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u064a \u062b\u0645 \u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u064a \u062b\u0645 \u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0645\u062c\u062f\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0636\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0648\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u062c\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f \u0644\u0646\u0628\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0636\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0646\u0648\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0642\u062f \u064a\u062a\u0636\u0631\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0629 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0636&#8221; \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 -\u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0632\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0621 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631&#8221; \u064a\u0645\u0646\u062d\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u0634\u0639\u0648\u0631\u0627\u064b \u062c\u064a\u062f\u0627\u064b- \u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f. &#8220;\u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0628\u0634\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0646\u062a\u0645\u064a \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u0634\u0639\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0629 &#8220;\u0648\u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0631\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645&#8221; \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u064a\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0636\u062e\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0634\u0648\u064a\u0647 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631. \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0630\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u062a\u0645\u064a \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u0633\u0648\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u064a\u0643\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u0647 \u062e\u0648\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0631\u0642\u0649 \u0623\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0631\u0633\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0643\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_12392_1('footnote_plugin_reference_12392_1_15');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_12392_1('footnote_plugin_reference_12392_1_15');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_12392_1_15\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">15<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_12392_1_15\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u00a0 Eric Fromm, quoted in Isabel Wilkerson, \u201cAmerica\u2019s Enduring Caste System.\u201d New York Times, 1 July 2020.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_12392_1_15').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_12392_1_15', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> <\/p>\n<div class=\"speaker-mute footnotes_reference_container\"> <div class=\"footnote_container_prepare\"><p><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_reference_container_label pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_expand_collapse_reference_container_12392_1();\">Endnotes<\/span><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_reference_container_collapse_button\" style=\"display: none;\" onclick=\"footnote_expand_collapse_reference_container_12392_1();\">[<a id=\"footnote_reference_container_collapse_button_12392_1\">+<\/a>]<\/span><\/p><\/div> <div id=\"footnote_references_container_12392_1\" style=\"\"><table class=\"footnotes_table footnote-reference-container\"><caption class=\"accessibility\">Endnotes<\/caption> <tbody> \r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_12392_1_1\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_12392_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_12392_1_1');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>1<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 &#8220;\u0632\u0648\u0648\u0645&#8221; \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0628\u0648\u062d\u0634\u064a\u0634\u064a \u0641\u064a 8-6-2020.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_12392_1_2\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_12392_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_12392_1_2');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>2<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0641\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 &#8220;Noirs Au Maghreb&#8221;)\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u060c IRMC 2012).<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_12392_1_3\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_12392_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_12392_1_3');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>3<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u00a0 \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 &#8220;\u0632\u0648\u0648\u0645&#8221; \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0628\u0648\u062d\u0634\u064a\u0634\u064a \u0641\u064a 8-6-2020.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_12392_1_4\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_12392_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_12392_1_4');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>4<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0646\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u0631\u064a\u0634\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0627 \u062f\u064a.\u0643\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0643\u0627 \u0641\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0646\u062f\u064a\u0632\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0641\u064a \u0642\u0646\u062f\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0648\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u064a.\u0628\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0631\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0646\u0648\u0646\u0648 \u0645. \u0633\u064a\u0644\u0641\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0632\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0631\u0627. 2010. &#8220;\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0631\u0649 &#8211; \u0623\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0648\u062d \u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0645\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a&#8221;. \u062f\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a \u0623\u0645 \u0633\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064a. 10 (1): 138. \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a: 10.1186\/1471-2148-10-138<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_12392_1_5\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_12392_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_12392_1_5');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>5<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0634\u0648\u0642\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0644\u060c \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0648\u062f: \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0650\u0631\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645&#8221;\u060c (\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f\u062c: \u0645\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0628\u0631\u062f\u062c\u060c 2013).<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_12392_1_6\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_12392_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_12392_1_6');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>6<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_12392_1_7\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_12392_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_12392_1_7');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>7<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0646\u060c 2016\u060c &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0635: \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0650\u0631\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628&#8221;. \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627 \u00a07 (2): 267\u2013271. \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a: 10.1163\/21540993-00702002<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_12392_1_8\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_12392_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_12392_1_8');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>8<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_12392_1_9\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_12392_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_12392_1_9');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>9<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u00a0 \u0633\u062a\u064a\u0641\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0633\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 )\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u060c IRMC 2012).<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_12392_1_10\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_12392_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_12392_1_10');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>10<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u00a0\u00a0 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e 8\/1\/2020<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_12392_1_11\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_12392_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_12392_1_11');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>11<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\"><a href=\"https:\/\/bit.ly\/2YC3AFN\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/bit.ly\/2YC3AFN<\/span><\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_12392_1_12\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_12392_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_12392_1_12');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>12<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.jadaliyya.com\/Details\/29222\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/www.jadaliyya.com\/Details\/29222<\/span><\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_12392_1_13\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_12392_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_12392_1_13');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>13<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Alessandra Bajec, \u201cAs Tunisia Makes Racism Illegal, Where are Morocco and Algeria?\u201d 29 October 2018, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.trtworld.com\/magazine\/as-tunisia-makes-racism-illegal-where-are-morocco-and-algeria-21157\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/www.trtworld.com\/magazine\/as-tunisia-makes-racism-illegal-where-are-morocco-and-algeria-21157<\/span><\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_12392_1_14\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_12392_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_12392_1_14');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>14<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Stephen J. King, \u201cBlack Arabs and African Migrants: between slavery and racism in North Africa\u201d, <em>The Journal of North African Studies<\/em> 2019\/10\/04 DOI:\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/deref\/http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1080%2F13629387.2019.1670645\">10.1080\/13629387.2019.1670645<\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_12392_1_15\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_12392_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_12392_1_15');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>15<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u00a0 Eric Fromm, quoted in Isabel Wilkerson, \u201cAmerica\u2019s Enduring Caste System.\u201d New York Times, 1 July 2020.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n <\/tbody> <\/table> <\/div><\/div><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> function footnote_expand_reference_container_12392_1() { jQuery('#footnote_references_container_12392_1').show(); jQuery('#footnote_reference_container_collapse_button_12392_1').text('\u2212'); } function footnote_collapse_reference_container_12392_1() { jQuery('#footnote_references_container_12392_1').hide(); jQuery('#footnote_reference_container_collapse_button_12392_1').text('+'); } function footnote_expand_collapse_reference_container_12392_1() { if (jQuery('#footnote_references_container_12392_1').is(':hidden')) { footnote_expand_reference_container_12392_1(); } else { footnote_collapse_reference_container_12392_1(); } } function footnote_moveToReference_12392_1(p_str_TargetID) { footnote_expand_reference_container_12392_1(); var l_obj_Target = jQuery('#' + p_str_TargetID); if (l_obj_Target.length) { jQuery( 'html, body' ).delay( 0 ); jQuery('html, body').animate({ scrollTop: l_obj_Target.offset().top - window.innerHeight * 0.2 }, 380); } } function footnote_moveToAnchor_12392_1(p_str_TargetID) { footnote_expand_reference_container_12392_1(); var l_obj_Target = jQuery('#' + p_str_TargetID); if (l_obj_Target.length) { jQuery( 'html, body' ).delay( 0 ); jQuery('html, body').animate({ scrollTop: l_obj_Target.offset().top - window.innerHeight * 0.2 }, 380); } }<\/script>","protected":false},"featured_media":12402,"menu_order":0,"template":"","categories":[22],"tags":[222,256],"class_list":["post-12392","publication","type-publication","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-22","tag-222","tag-256"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ari26.arabregionhub.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/publication\/12392","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ari26.arabregionhub.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/publication"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ari26.arabregionhub.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/publication"}],"version-history":[{"count":9,"href":"https:\/\/ari26.arabregionhub.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/publication\/12392\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":13834,"href":"https:\/\/ari26.arabregionhub.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/publication\/12392\/revisions\/13834"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ari26.arabregionhub.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/12402"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ari26.arabregionhub.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=12392"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ari26.arabregionhub.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=12392"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ari26.arabregionhub.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=12392"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}