{"id":12058,"date":"2020-08-26T14:00:25","date_gmt":"2020-08-26T12:00:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ari26.arabregionhub.net\/?post_type=publication&#038;p=12058"},"modified":"2020-08-26T17:37:56","modified_gmt":"2020-08-26T15:37:56","slug":"%d9%85%d8%b5%d8%b1-%d8%a8%d8%b9%d8%af-%d9%81%d9%8a%d8%b1%d9%88%d8%b3-%d9%83%d9%88%d8%b1%d9%88%d9%86%d8%a7-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%88%d8%af%d8%a9-%d8%a5%d9%84%d9%89-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1%d8%a8%d8%b9","status":"publish","type":"publication","link":"https:\/\/ari26.arabregionhub.net\/ar\/publication\/%d9%85%d8%b5%d8%b1-%d8%a8%d8%b9%d8%af-%d9%81%d9%8a%d8%b1%d9%88%d8%b3-%d9%83%d9%88%d8%b1%d9%88%d9%86%d8%a7-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%88%d8%af%d8%a9-%d8%a5%d9%84%d9%89-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1%d8%a8%d8%b9\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0641\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0643\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0627: \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0651\u0645\u0629*<\/h2>\n<p>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0633\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0651 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0651-\u0643\u0644\u0651\u064a\u0651 \u0646\u0627\u062c\u062d\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0651 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0633 \u0636\u0639\u064a\u0641\u0629. \u0641\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0651 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0651\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0651 \u0644\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u062d\u0631\u0650\u0651\u0643\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0651\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0623\u0648 \u0631\u0627\u063a\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0651 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0623\u0646. \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629\u064b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0627\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0639 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0651\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u064e\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0651\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0636\u0631\u064e\u0628\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0643\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639\u064e \u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0631\u061b \u0628\u062f\u0621\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 (FDI) \u0648\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0651 \u0648\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0624\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 \u0647\u0634\u0651\u0627\u064b\u061b \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0631\u0650\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0651\u0647 \u0647\u0634\u0651 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644. \u0641\u0647\u0644 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0651\u0631 \u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u064e\u0651\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0623\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0643\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629\u061f<\/p>\n<p>\u0646\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0634\u064a\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u0646\u0651\u0647 \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u0651\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0651 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u0633\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062c\u062d\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2016\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0635\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0651\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0651\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u064f\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u061b \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u063a\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0650\u0651\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0633\u0648\u0649 \u0641\u0631\u0635\u0629 \u0645\u062f\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0642. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0623\u0639\u0642\u0627\u0628 \u0623\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0643\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0627\u060c \u0635\u0627\u0631\u062a \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0635\u0629 \u0623\u0636\u064a\u064e\u0642\u061b \u0625\u0630 \u064a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 \u062e\u0637\u0631\u0627\u064b \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0651\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0647\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0651\u0637 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u062a\u062d\u0633\u0651\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645\u0629. \u0648\u0644\u0646 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u062a\u062c\u0646\u0651\u0628 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0651 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u064e\u0644\u0627\u064b.<\/p>\n<p>\u0639\u0627\u062f\u062a \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u064f\u0642\u0652\u0637\u064e\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0650\u062f\u064e\u0627\u064a\u064e\u0629\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641\u064d \u064a\u0634\u0628\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f\u0651 \u0628\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2011: \u0625\u0630 \u062a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u062b\u0645\u0651\u0629 \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0646\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0638\u0627\u0644\u0650\u0645 \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u062a\u062f\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0641\u0627\u062f \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u062f\u0651\u062a\u0647\u0627. \u0646\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0639\u064f\u0631\u0636\u0629\u064b \u0644\u0627\u0646\u0641\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064d \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u064e\u0644. \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0647\u064a: \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0643\u0644\u0651\u064a\u0651 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u064f\u0642\u062f\u0651\u0650\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0651 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629\u064b \u0644\u062a\u0639\u0648\u064a\u0636 \u0646\u0642\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0651\u060c \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629\u064b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0651\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0651 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0627\u0628 \u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0639\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062f\u0647\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062e\u0637. \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0651 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u060c \u0648\u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064e\u0645 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0643\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0627\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u0651\u064e \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062a\u0651\u0631\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u0644\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0647\u0630\u0627\u060c \u0633\u064a\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064f \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u064f\u062d\u0643\u064e\u0645 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u064f\u0639\u0637\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629\u061b \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0639\u064a \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0651 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062c\u064a\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0621 \u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0651\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629\u064b. \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0624\u062f\u0651\u064a \u0625\u0633\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062d\u062f\u062b \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u062f\u0621 \u062a\u0641\u0643\u0651\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0643\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0627<\/h2>\n<p>\u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0651 \u0647\u064a \u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0635\u0627\u0628\u062a \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0628\u0634\u062f\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0623\u062f\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u0645 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f\u061b \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0627\u062d\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0651\u0629. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0651 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u064d \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0651 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0651\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u064f\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0630\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u064a\u0638\u0644\u0651 \u0636\u0639\u064a\u0641\u0627\u064b \u0648\u063a\u0627\u0645\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u0644\u064e\u0645 \u062a\u062a\u062d\u0633\u0651\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0651\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0634\u0651\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u064a\u0651 \u0648\u0642\u062a\u064d \u0645\u0636\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645. \u0641\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2019\u060c \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c\u064e\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0645\u0639 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 100 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u062a\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629\u061b \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 (\u0628\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 70 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0631)\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0641\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062f \u062f\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0651\u0629. \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0646\u0651\u0647 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0639\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2016 \u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 50%\u060c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0637\u0627\u0639\u064e\u062a \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u062a\u0635\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0633\u0650\u0644\u064e\u0639 \u0628\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 30 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u0642\u0637 (\u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 10 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0651\u061b \u0625\u0630 \u0635\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0651\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0627\u062e\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2018). \u062a\u0645\u0651\u062a \u062a\u063a\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062c\u0648\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0645\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0631\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0633\u0651\u0646\u062a \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0642\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2016\u061b \u0648\u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0647\u064a: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0651\u0629 (\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 30 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0627\u064b)\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062d\u0629 (\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 15 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0631)\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064e\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0650\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0629 (12 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0631)\u060c \u0639\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0646\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0633 (6 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0631)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 10 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0631 (\u0648\u064a\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u0631\u0648\u0636 \u0635\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0651 \u062d\u062a\u0651\u0649 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2019).<\/p>\n<p>\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0651\u0639 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0651 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0629\u064b\u060c \u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 30% \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644\u0651 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2020 (\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u2019\u0622\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0651\u2018 \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 2020\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0635\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0651). \u062a\u0636\u0631\u0651\u0631\u062a \u0628\u0634\u062f\u0651\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u0631\u0649 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 -\u0648\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062d\u0629- \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0651. \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0631\u064e\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u062d\u062a\u0651\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u064e\u0651\u062d \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0651 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629\u064d \u0631\u0643\u0648\u062f \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062f\u0651\u0629\u064e \u0633\u0646\u062a\u064e\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644. \u0623\u0645\u0651\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u062a \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u060c \u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0651\u0639 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a. \u064a\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0651\u0632 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 5.5 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u062c\u0650\u0631 \u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0651 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u062c \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629\u061b \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u062a\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0651\u0642 \u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u062a\u0647 85% \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0651\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0645\u0651\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0651\u0636\u0648\u0627 \u0644\u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0648\u0627 \u0644\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0632\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0646\u0651\u0647\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0644\u0642\u0651\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u0627\u062a\u0628\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u0642\u0637. \u0648\u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631\u060c \u064a\u064e\u0632\u064a\u062f \u062a\u0631\u0627\u062c\u064f\u0639 \u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0637 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064e\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u064e\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0651\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u0651\u064a \u0628\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636\u064d \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0645\u0651 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a. \u062a\u0631\u0627\u062c\u064e\u0639\u062a \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0642\u0646\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0633\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0651\u0639 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0638\u0644\u0651 \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629. \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0651\u0647 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u0627\u064b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0651 (\u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 74% \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0651 2018-2019)\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u064e\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0635 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644\u064d \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0646\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0637. \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629\u064b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0651\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0643\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0636\u0631\u0651\u0631\u062a \u0628\u0634\u062f\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0651\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0651\u0647\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u064f\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u0646\u0651 \u0647\u0631\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062e\u0646\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632\u064e 10 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629. \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629\u064b \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627\u060c \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u064e\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0651\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629 -\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u064f\u0628\u064e\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 40 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0631- \u0628\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 5 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0651\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2020 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0647.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_12058_1('footnote_plugin_reference_12058_1_1');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_12058_1('footnote_plugin_reference_12058_1_1');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_12058_1_1\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">1<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_12058_1_1\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.egypttoday.com\/Article\/3\/86828\/Egypt%E2%80%99s-renewed-engagement-with-IMF-to-boost-investor-confidence-Fitch\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/www.egypttoday.com\/Article\/3\/86828\/Egypt\u2019s-renewed-engagement-with-IMF-to-boost-investor-confidence-Fitch<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_12058_1_1').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_12058_1_1', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script><\/p>\n<p>\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0633\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0645\u062c\u062f\u064e\u0651\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0633\u062f\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062c\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0644\u0642\u0651\u062a \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0642\u0631\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0627\u062c\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 2.8 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0635\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0651 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u064a\u0627\u0631\/\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0648 2020\u060c<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_12058_1('footnote_plugin_reference_12058_1_2');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_12058_1('footnote_plugin_reference_12058_1_2');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_12058_1_2\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">2<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_12058_1_2\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0643\u0651\u0632 \u0642\u0631\u0636 \u0635\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0651\u201d \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0651 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0651\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u201c. \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.imf.org\/en\/News\/Articles\/2020\/06\/26\/pr20248-egypt-imf-executive-board-approves-12-month-us-5-2billion-stand-by-arrangement\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/www.imf.org\/en\/News\/Articles\/2020\/06\/26\/pr20248-egypt-imf-executive-board-approves-12-month-us-5-2billion-stand-by-arrangement<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_12058_1_2').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_12058_1_2', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0634\u0647\u0631\u064d \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0636\u064a\u0641\u064e \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u062a\u0651\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0626\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0651 \u0628\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 5.2 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0631.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_12058_1('footnote_plugin_reference_12058_1_3');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_12058_1('footnote_plugin_reference_12058_1_3');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_12058_1_3\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">3<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_12058_1_3\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.imf.org\/en\/News\/Articles\/2020\/06\/26\/pr20248-egypt-imf-executive-board-approves-12-month-us-5-2billion-stand-by-arrangement\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/www.imf.org\/en\/News\/Articles\/2020\/06\/26\/pr20248-egypt-imf-executive-board-approves-12-month-us-5-2billion-stand-by-arrangement<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_12058_1_3').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_12058_1_3', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u0641\u064a \u0623\u064a\u0627\u0631\/\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0648 2020\u060c \u0637\u0631\u062d\u062a \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b 5 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0637\u0631\u062d \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629. \u0623\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u0651\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0639\u0648\u062f\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0646\u0627\u062c\u062d\u0629 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0651\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637\u0627\u064b \u0623\u0642\u0633\u0649 \u0645\u0645\u0651\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_12058_1('footnote_plugin_reference_12058_1_4');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_12058_1('footnote_plugin_reference_12058_1_4');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_12058_1_4\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">4<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_12058_1_4\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2020\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u062f\u0651\u0629 40 \u0633\u0646\u0629 \u064812 \u0633\u0646\u0629 \u06484 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0647\u064a 8.875% \u06487.625% \u06485.75% \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0628. \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2019 \u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0645\u0627\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0628 8.15% \u06487.05% \u06484.55%. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0628\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0651\u0644 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0651 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 3%. \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: <a href=\"http:\/\/www.worldgovernmentbonds.com\/country\/egypt\/\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">http:\/\/www.worldgovernmentbonds.com\/country\/egypt\/<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_12058_1_4').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_12058_1_4', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script><\/p>\n<p>\u0632\u0627\u062f\u064e\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0648\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0628\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0651\u0627 \u0623\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0646\u064f\u0630\u064f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0631 \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0647. \u0641\u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2012\u060c \u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0651 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644\u064d \u0623\u0633\u0631\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0651 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0648\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 90% \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u0651\u064a\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0651. \u0648\u0623\u063a\u0644\u0628\u064f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0651 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u0627\u064b \u062f\u064e\u064a\u0646\u064c \u0645\u062d\u0644\u0651\u064a\u0651\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0651 \u0645\u0646\u0647 \u0642\u062f \u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u064e\u0632\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 200% \u0645\u0646 \u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632\u0647 120 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0651 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0651\u0628 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0641\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0647 (13 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2020)\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0646\u0651\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0639\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u064f\u0639\u0627\u062f \u062a\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u064e\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0646 (\u064a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 25% \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0651 \u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u062c). \u0648\u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0651 \u062f\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0650\u0651\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0644\u0623\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0639\u0641\u061b \u0641\u0633\u064a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0633\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0634\u0642\u0651 \u0628\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639\u062a \u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0632\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0651. \u0648\u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 \u062a\u064f\u0635\u0646\u064e\u0651\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0650\u0628\u064e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u0651\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u064e \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0645\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 (\u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0643\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u063a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0627).<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_12058_1('footnote_plugin_reference_12058_1_5');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_12058_1('footnote_plugin_reference_12058_1_5');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_12058_1_5\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">5<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_12058_1_5\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ft.com\/content\/efe21772-5767-11e8-bdb7-f6677d2e1ce8\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/www.ft.com\/content\/efe21772-5767-11e8-bdb7-f6677d2e1ce8<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_12058_1_5').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_12058_1_5', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 1: \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0626\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0646<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/d2uecu6cucl1lj.cloudfront.net\/ari\/2020\/08\/25181819\/image001-2.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-12196\" src=\"https:\/\/d2uecu6cucl1lj.cloudfront.net\/ari\/2020\/08\/25181819\/image001-2-720x449.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"720\" height=\"449\" srcset=\"https:\/\/d2uecu6cucl1lj.cloudfront.net\/ari\/2020\/08\/25181819\/image001-2-720x449.png 720w, https:\/\/d2uecu6cucl1lj.cloudfront.net\/ari\/2020\/08\/25181819\/image001-2-768x479.png 768w, https:\/\/d2uecu6cucl1lj.cloudfront.net\/ari\/2020\/08\/25181819\/image001-2.png 1344w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 720px) 100vw, 720px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"direction: rtl; padding-right: 40px;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631: \u0635\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a (\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 2018\/19) \u0644\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \/ \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u062f\u064a\u0631.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"direction: rtl; padding-right: 40px;\"><strong> \u0645\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0638\u0629<\/strong>: &#8220;\u0631\u0635\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a&#8221; \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0626\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0635\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0644.<\/p>\n<p>\u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u062a\u0632\u0627\u064a\u064f\u062f \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0651\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u060c \u0633\u064a\u062a\u062d\u062a\u0651\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0635 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0633\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u0651\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0647\u0631\u0648\u0628 \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644. \u0633\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0651\u0647 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0636\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0634\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621. \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0645\u0651 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0647 \u0648\u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0647 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0639\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0651\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0651\u0647 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0651\u0642 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u060c \u0647\u0648 \u062a\u0634\u062c\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0651 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0648\u064f\u0644): \u0625\u0645\u0651\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u0651\u064a\u0651\u0629 (\u0644\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0627\u062a) \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u062f\u064a\u0631.<\/p>\n<p>\u0623\u062f\u0651\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0636\u0639\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0651. \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0651\u0639 \u0635\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u062c\u064f\u0639\u064e \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0651\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0651 \u0645\u0646 5.5% \u0625\u0644\u0649 2% \u0639\u0627\u0645 2020\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0651\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062f \u064a\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0651\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0651\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0651 (\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u2019 \u0622\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0651\u2018 \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 2020). \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0651\u0639 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0644\u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 12% \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644\u0651\u060c \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062c\u064e\u0639 \u0628\u0628\u0637\u0621. \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u062c\u064f\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0651 \u064a\u062a\u0651\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0643\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0632\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644. \u062d\u062a\u0651\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0639\u064f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651 \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629: \u0641\u0647\u064a \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0645\u062c\u0631\u0651\u062f \u062d\u0638\u0631 \u062a\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0625\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0651\u0629. \u0648\u0628\u064e\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u064e\u062a \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0648\u0643\u0623\u0646\u0651\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0645\u0646\u0623\u0649\u064b \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0633\u060c \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639\u064e\u062a \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0634\u0647\u0631 \u062d\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646\/\u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u0623\u0643\u0651\u062f\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0651\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f 74,035 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u0635\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 3,280 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0627\u0629.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_12058_1('footnote_plugin_reference_12058_1_6');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_12058_1('footnote_plugin_reference_12058_1_6');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_12058_1_6\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">6<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_12058_1_6\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\"><a href=\"https:\/\/covid19.who.int\/region\/emro\/country\/eg\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/Covid-19.who.int\/region\/emro\/country\/eg<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_12058_1_6').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_12058_1_6', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0651\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0651 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062b\u0642\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0633\u0643\u0627\u062a\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0628\u0651\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0629.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_12058_1('footnote_plugin_reference_12058_1_7');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_12058_1('footnote_plugin_reference_12058_1_7');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_12058_1_7\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">7<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_12058_1_7\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\"><a href=\"https:\/\/apnews.com\/cf9528ebff1d5dd7e3b95d467d7e9418\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/apnews.com\/cf9528ebff1d5dd7e3b95d467d7e9418<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_12058_1_7').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_12058_1_7', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u0648\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0651\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u060c \u0633\u064a\u0632\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u0651\u064a\u064e\u0651\u064a\u0646.<\/p>\n<p>\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0645\u0635\u0631\u060c \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0623\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0643\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0627\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0651\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a\u064d \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0651\u0639 \u0628\u0631\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062e\u0631\u062c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u0628\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0633\u064a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u062f\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629\u064b \u0648\u0623\u0642\u0644\u064e\u0651 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0651\u0631\u0627\u064b.<\/p>\n<h2>\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0651 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a<\/h2>\n<p>\u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0646\u062c\u062d\u062a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0651\u064a\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0651\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u062a\u0633\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062f\u062f \u0644\u0635\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0651 \u0628\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 12 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0631\u060c \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645 2016-2019. \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0644\u0651 \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629\u0651. \u0641\u0642\u062f \u062c\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0639\u0642\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0644\u062a \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 2013-2015 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0651\u0642 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u064e\u0651\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u062c (23 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0631 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645 2012-2015). \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0649 \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f\u064d\u0651 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0633\u062f\u0651 \u0641\u062c\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0651\u0647 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062a\u0651\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0651 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0651\u0629. \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u064a\u0636 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0635\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0651\u060c \u0643\u0634\u0631\u0637\u064d \u0645\u0633\u0628\u064e\u0642\u060c \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0645\u0651 \u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0651 \u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 50%\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0637\u0627\u0639\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0643\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0627\u064b\u060c \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062c\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0651. \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0651 \u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u064e\u0635 \u062a\u0628\u0639\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644\u064d \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645. \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0651 \u064a\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u062d\u0642\u0651\u0642 \u0623\u0635\u0644\u0627\u064b.<\/p>\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u064a\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0635\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0651 \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 2016 \u0648\u062a\u062f\u062e\u0651\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1991. \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0637\u0644\u0651\u0628 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0635\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0651 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0645\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f \u0633\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641\u060c \u0648\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0626\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0651\u060c \u0648\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0639\u062c\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0629. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064e\u064a 1991 \u06482016\u060c \u062a\u0648\u0636\u0651\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0623\u0646\u0651\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064e\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0641\u064a \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c\u201d \u0646\u0627\u062c\u062d\u201c \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0625\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0632 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0651\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0651\u0637 \u0637\u0627\u0644\u064e\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u062a\u0645\u0651 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u064e\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0651 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0651.<\/p>\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0637\u0627\u0639\u062a \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0628\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644\u064d \u0643\u0627\u0641\u064d \u0644\u062c\u0630\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0623\u0639\u0642\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u062d\u0627\u062f\u0651 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629 (\u0628\u064a\u0646 5% \u064810% \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0651\u0629)\u060c \u0628\u062f\u0623 \u062a\u062f\u0627\u0648\u064f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u064a\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0651\u0627 \u0633\u0645\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0651 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0646 17 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 45 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0623\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0646\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0627\u064b. \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u060c \u062a\u062f\u0641\u0651\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0623\u062a\u0627\u062d\u062a \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0646\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0651 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u064f\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0650\u062f \u0633\u0639\u0631\u064f\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f (\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062b\u064e\u0645\u0651 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0626\u062f \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0651 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0644\u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644). \u0648\u0628\u064e\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u062f\u0651\u0649 \u062a\u0639\u0648\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u064a\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u062a\u0636\u062e\u0651\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 30% \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0651 2016-2017\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0651 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0633\u0631\u0639\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u0651 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0624\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644\u064d \u062d\u0627\u062f\u0651 \u0642\u0633\u0631\u0627\u064b (\u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0623\u062f\u0646\u0627\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f).<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 2: <\/strong><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062c\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/d2uecu6cucl1lj.cloudfront.net\/ari\/2020\/08\/25181819\/image003-2.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-12199\" src=\"https:\/\/d2uecu6cucl1lj.cloudfront.net\/ari\/2020\/08\/25181819\/image003-2-720x360.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"720\" height=\"360\" srcset=\"https:\/\/d2uecu6cucl1lj.cloudfront.net\/ari\/2020\/08\/25181819\/image003-2-720x360.png 720w, https:\/\/d2uecu6cucl1lj.cloudfront.net\/ari\/2020\/08\/25181819\/image003-2-768x384.png 768w, https:\/\/d2uecu6cucl1lj.cloudfront.net\/ari\/2020\/08\/25181819\/image003-2.png 1245w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 720px) 100vw, 720px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"direction: rtl; padding-right: 40px;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631: \u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0635\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a\u064a\u0646<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u060c \u0634\u0647\u062f\u062a \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0627\u0645 2016\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0639\u062c\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0645\u0646 6% \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2015 \u0625\u0644\u0649 2.6% \u0639\u0627\u0645 2019. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0645\u062f\u0641\u0648\u0639\u0627\u064b \u0628\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0634\u0647\u062f\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062d\u0629\u061b \u0641\u0636\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0641\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0635\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632 \u0625\u0630 \u0634\u0647\u062f \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632 \u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0635\u0639\u0648\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0627\u0645 2018. \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0638\u0644\u062a \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 3: <\/strong><strong>\u0633\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0636\u062e\u0645 \u0648\u0633\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/d2uecu6cucl1lj.cloudfront.net\/ari\/2020\/08\/25181819\/image005-2.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-12202\" src=\"https:\/\/d2uecu6cucl1lj.cloudfront.net\/ari\/2020\/08\/25181819\/image005-2-720x385.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"776\" height=\"415\" srcset=\"https:\/\/d2uecu6cucl1lj.cloudfront.net\/ari\/2020\/08\/25181819\/image005-2-720x385.png 720w, https:\/\/d2uecu6cucl1lj.cloudfront.net\/ari\/2020\/08\/25181819\/image005-2-1440x770.png 1440w, https:\/\/d2uecu6cucl1lj.cloudfront.net\/ari\/2020\/08\/25181819\/image005-2-768x411.png 768w, https:\/\/d2uecu6cucl1lj.cloudfront.net\/ari\/2020\/08\/25181819\/image005-2-1536x821.png 1536w, https:\/\/d2uecu6cucl1lj.cloudfront.net\/ari\/2020\/08\/25181819\/image005-2.png 1854w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 776px) 100vw, 776px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"direction: rtl; padding-right: 40px;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631: \u0635\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631 \u0633\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0643 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0633\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0645 \u0648\u0633\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"direction: rtl; padding-right: 40px;\"><strong>\u0645\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0638\u0629<\/strong>: \u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631 \u0633\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0643 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0636\u062e\u0645<\/p>\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064a 2015 \u06482019\u060c \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0639\u062c\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0629 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 12.5% \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 6.7% (\u0625\u0630 \u0634\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062c\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0651\u064e\u0644\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0644\u0651\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u062c\u0632 \u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 3.3% \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0627\u0626\u0636 \u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 2.2% \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a). \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0636\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645 (6% \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a) \u0625\u0630 \u062a\u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0636\u0644\u0629 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0628 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064a 2013 \u06482015\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0641\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u062b\u0645 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0641\u0647 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0631\u0627\u0641\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0644\u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0636\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0629 (\u0648\u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0636 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0629) \u062d\u0631\u0635\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u0637\u064a\u062f \u062d\u0643\u0645\u0647\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0623\u062f\u0651\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0641\u0627\u062c\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0634\u062f \u0648\u0637\u0623\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2016. \u0642\u0644\u0651\u0635 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c 2016 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0651 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 4.1% \u0625\u0644\u0649 1.2% \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a. \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u060c \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u062a \u0645\u062e\u0635\u0651\u064e\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0648\u0627\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0646 8% \u0625\u0644\u0649 5% \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u061b \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0644\u064a\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0636\u0626\u064a\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a 4.5% \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0629 2019\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0645\u0639 \u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u062f\u0651\u064e\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0644\u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 3.3% \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0629 2020. \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u062a \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 7% \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a \u0642\u064e\u0628\u0644 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0635\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0644\u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 4% \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 1% \u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0651\u064e\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621. \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0638\u0644\u0651\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0631\u0627\u0643\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0631\u0636 \u0636\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0634\u0647\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0637\u0641\u064a\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0644\u062a\u0628\u0644\u063a \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a 14% \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a 13%.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_12058_1('footnote_plugin_reference_12058_1_8');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_12058_1('footnote_plugin_reference_12058_1_8');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_12058_1_8\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">8<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_12058_1_8\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1991\u060c \u0648\u0635\u0641\u062a \u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 &#8220;\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062a\u0645 \u062e\u0644\u0633\u0629&#8221;\u060c \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u0651\u062a \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u062c\u064a \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0631\u063a\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0632 \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0633\u0639\u0631\u0647.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_12058_1_8').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_12058_1_8', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 4: \u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0646\u0641\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/d2uecu6cucl1lj.cloudfront.net\/ari\/2020\/08\/25181818\/image007-1.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-12205\" src=\"https:\/\/d2uecu6cucl1lj.cloudfront.net\/ari\/2020\/08\/25181818\/image007-1-720x352.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"720\" height=\"352\" srcset=\"https:\/\/d2uecu6cucl1lj.cloudfront.net\/ari\/2020\/08\/25181818\/image007-1-720x352.png 720w, https:\/\/d2uecu6cucl1lj.cloudfront.net\/ari\/2020\/08\/25181818\/image007-1-1440x704.png 1440w, https:\/\/d2uecu6cucl1lj.cloudfront.net\/ari\/2020\/08\/25181818\/image007-1-768x376.png 768w, https:\/\/d2uecu6cucl1lj.cloudfront.net\/ari\/2020\/08\/25181818\/image007-1-1536x751.png 1536w, https:\/\/d2uecu6cucl1lj.cloudfront.net\/ari\/2020\/08\/25181818\/image007-1.png 2037w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 720px) 100vw, 720px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"direction: rtl; padding-left: 40px; padding-right: 40px;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631: \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0635\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0644\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a\u064a\u0646<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0628\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2019\u060c \u0648\u0635\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 5.4% (\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 4.3% \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2015). \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0633\u0646\u0631\u0649 \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0651 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0651\u0633\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0648\u0644. \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0632\u064a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0651\u064e\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0639\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u062c\u0630\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629\u064b \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0651\u064f\u0636 \u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0648\u0631 \u0644\u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0636 \u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639\u062a \u0646\u0641\u0642\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u062a\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0646\u062d\u0648 10% \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0623\u064a \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u062b\u0644\u062b \u0646\u0641\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u062b\u0644\u062b\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629\u064b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627 \u0633\u0628\u0642\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0621\u062a \u0623\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0643\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0631. \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0636\u062e\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u0648\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 8% \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u062c\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 5.4% \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2020 (\u0648\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0641\u0627\u0626\u0636 \u0623\u0648\u0651\u064e\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 2% \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a)\u061b \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0635\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a. \u0628\u064a\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0643\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0627 \u063a\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0631\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629\u061b \u0625\u0630 \u064a\u064f\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0651\u0639 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u062d\u062a\u0645\u064e\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062c\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a. \u0644\u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0623\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0643\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0627\u060c \u0642\u062f\u0651\u064e\u0645\u062a \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0636\u0627\u062a \u0636\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0642\u0644\u0651\u064e\u0644\u062a \u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0636\u0631\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0636\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0639 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u061b \u0648\u064a\u0642\u062f\u0651\u064e\u0631 \u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0646\u062d\u0648 2.2% \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a. \u062e\u0641\u0636\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062c\u0632\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u062d \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0647\u062f\u062f \u0628\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0631\u0624\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0644 (\u0648\/\u0623\u0648 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0642\u0644).<\/p>\n<p>\u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a 1991\u060c \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0628\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648 (\u0646\u0638\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0648\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0632\u0641\u0629)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u062e\u0644. \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0631\u062d \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a -\u0643\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u062a\u0647\u0627- \u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0647\u0648: \u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0627\u064b \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0648\u064a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0631\u0635 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u062c\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u0648\u062f \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0639\u0648\u064a\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0639\u064a<\/h2>\n<p>\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0631\u062a\u0651\u064e\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0631\u0641\u0639 \u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0631\u0628\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u062f\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0642\u062f\u0651\u0650\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u0639\u0648\u064a\u0636 \u0646\u0642\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0651\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a\u061b \u0641\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0637\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0638\u0644\u0651\u062a \u062a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0635 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2011\u060c \u062a\u0634\u0643\u0651\u0650\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 6% \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a. \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0642\u0635\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u062a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0631\u061b \u0641\u0628\u064e\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u0643\u0651\u0646\u062a \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0628\u062f\u0623\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1991 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0641\u0634\u0644\u064e\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0645\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637\u0647.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 5: <\/strong><strong>\u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/d2uecu6cucl1lj.cloudfront.net\/ari\/2020\/08\/25181818\/image009-1.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-12208\" src=\"https:\/\/d2uecu6cucl1lj.cloudfront.net\/ari\/2020\/08\/25181818\/image009-1-720x367.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"720\" height=\"367\" srcset=\"https:\/\/d2uecu6cucl1lj.cloudfront.net\/ari\/2020\/08\/25181818\/image009-1-720x367.png 720w, https:\/\/d2uecu6cucl1lj.cloudfront.net\/ari\/2020\/08\/25181818\/image009-1-768x391.png 768w, https:\/\/d2uecu6cucl1lj.cloudfront.net\/ari\/2020\/08\/25181818\/image009-1.png 1255w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 720px) 100vw, 720px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"direction: rtl; padding-left: 40px; padding-right: 40px;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631: \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"direction: rtl; padding-left: 40px; padding-right: 40px;\"><strong> \u0645\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0638\u0629:<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0635\u062f\u0629<\/p>\n<p>\u0628\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u062f\u0631\u0643 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642. \u064a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u060c 15% \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a (\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 23% \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0648\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062d\u062f \u0630\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645)\u061b \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0628\u0644\u063a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 6% \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0623\u064a \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0647\u062f \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a. \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u062a \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0628\u062f\u0623\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1991 \u0645\u0646 \u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0645\u0646 10% \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0639\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 19% \u0641\u064a \u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0639\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a. \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u062a\u064f\u0639\u064e\u062f\u0651 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u062a\u0628\u0644\u063a \u0646\u0633\u0628\u062a\u0647\u0627 2.5% \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0627\u064b. \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u062a\u0647\u0627 6.5% \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0641\u062a\u0646\u0641\u0651\u0630\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0643\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a.<\/p>\n<p>\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0645\u062d\u0644 \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0634 \u0648\u062c\u062f\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0641\u064a\u0636<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_12058_1('footnote_plugin_reference_12058_1_9');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_12058_1('footnote_plugin_reference_12058_1_9');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_12058_1_9\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">9<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_12058_1_9\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644:- El-Haddad, Amirah. &#8220;Redefining the social contract in the wake of the Arab Spring: The experiences of Egypt, Morocco and Tunisia.&#8221;\u00a0<em>World Development<\/em>\u00a0127 (2020): 104774.- Diwan, Ishac, Philip Keefer, and Marc Schiffbauer. &#8220;The Mechanics, Growth Implications, and Political Economy of Crony Capitalism in Egypt.&#8221;\u00a0<em>Crony Capitalism in the Middle East: Business and Politics from Liberalization to the Arab Spring<\/em>\u00a0(2019): 67.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_12058_1_9').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_12058_1_9', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> . \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644\u0629. \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u064a\u0643\u0645\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0627\u062d\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0650\u0628\u064e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0651\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0644\u0651\u0644 \u0641\u0631\u0635 \u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644. \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2011\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0626\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0646\u0648\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 20% \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0637 (\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0626\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0646\u0648\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0625\u0644\u0649 100% \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u0648\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646). \u0648\u0628\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2015\u060c \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 14% \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0648\u0635\u0644\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 7.5% \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u062c\u062f\u0651\u064e\u062f\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u0641\u0648\u0639\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0644\u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 20% \u0628\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2020. \u0648\u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0642\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u0631\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0626\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647\u0647 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u062a\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u062c\u0632 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629. \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0642\u0646\u0639\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0641\u064a\u060c \u0641\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0627\u062d\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0651 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u064b \u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0631.<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0630\u064f\u0643\u0631\u062a \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0623\u0646. \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0631\u0628\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0631\u0627\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0639 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639\u0629. \u064a\u0646\u0637\u0628\u0642 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0644\u062e\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062a\u062d\u0638\u0649 \u0628\u0647\u0627. \u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u060c \u062a\u064f\u062d\u062c\u0650\u0645 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0629 (\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629\u064e \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0629) \u0648\u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a (\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629\u064e \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646). \u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u064b\u060c \u064a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u0629 \u0634\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0651\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632\u0647 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2013.<\/p>\n<p>\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0636 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u064f\u0646\u0641\u0630 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0635\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2016 (\u0634\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c 1991) \u0641\u064a \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0628\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u062b\u0645 \u062a\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0647\u064a\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e \u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635. \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0623\u0633\u0647\u0627 &#8220;\u062a\u0633\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0641\u0644\u0627\u0633&#8221;. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637 \u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064e \u0623\u0648 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645. \u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0635\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2019 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 <u>\u0645\u0627<\/u> <u>\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644<\/u> \u0645\u0643\u0628\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 &#8220;\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u063a\u0644\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0641\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0633\u0648\u0621 \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0648\u0623\u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646\u064f \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632\u064e \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0631\u0633\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u062f\u064a\u0631&#8221;. \u0648\u064a\u0636\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631: &#8220;\u0625\u0646 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645 \u0648\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0633\u0627\u062f \u0648\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a&#8221;.<\/p>\n<p>\u0623\u062d\u0631\u0632\u062a \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u062a\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0631\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0641\u0639\u064a\u0644 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0641\u0644\u0627\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635. \u0648\u0628\u062f\u0623\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0628\u064a\u0639\u064e \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0643\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0631\u062d \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0643\u062a\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0631\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f. \u0645\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0646\u062c\u062d \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0635\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0623\u0633\u0631\u0639\u061b \u0641\u0644\u0642\u062f \u0642\u064f\u062f\u0651\u0650\u0645 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0635\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u062c\u0644\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0627\u0639\u064f\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0628\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0635\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0638\u0644 \u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0627\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a. \u0648\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629\u064b \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0646\u0651\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0651\u064f\u0645\u061b \u0625\u0630 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0641\u064a: &#8220;\u062a\u0639\u0647\u0651\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 &#8230; \u0648\u0633\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0637 \u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0643\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u062a\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0648\u0627\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0631&#8221;. \u0647\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u0624\u0643\u062f \u0645\u062c\u062f\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0635\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0631\u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0645\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0649. \u0644\u0630\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u064d \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0634\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0645\u0635\u0631.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635<\/h2>\n<p>\u0648\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0642\u060c \u0646\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0621\u0644 \u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062e\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0648\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641\u061f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0636\u0629 2011\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0627\u064b \u064a\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0646\u0633\u062d\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f. \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a\u060c \u0646\u062c\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0647\u062f \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u064f\u0648\u0644\u0650 \u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u064b \u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0646\u0634\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0651\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b\u061b \u0625\u0630 \u0638\u0644\u0651 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0633\u064a\u0626\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0648\u0638\u0644\u0651 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 &#8220;\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644&#8221; (\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0639\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a) \u064a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0631\u0642\u0645 94 \u0648165 (\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 190 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645)\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u062d\u0635\u0644\u062a \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0647\u0648 114 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2020. \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u064e\u0648\u0627\u0637\u0650\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a &#8220;\u0625\u0646\u0641\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f&#8221; \u0648&#8221;\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0633\u0627\u0631&#8221;\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u0641\u064a. \u0648\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0651\u0650\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064d \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0633\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u062d\u0635\u0644\u062a \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 35\/100 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631 &#8220;\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0641\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629&#8221; (\u0623\u064a \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 43).<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_12058_1('footnote_plugin_reference_12058_1_10');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_12058_1('footnote_plugin_reference_12058_1_10');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_12058_1_10\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">10<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_12058_1_10\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.transparency.org\/en\/news\/the-alarming-message-of-egypts-constitutional-amendments\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/www.transparency.org\/en\/news\/the-alarming-message-of-egypts-constitutional-amendment<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_12058_1_10').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_12058_1_10', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 6: <\/strong><strong>\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/d2uecu6cucl1lj.cloudfront.net\/ari\/2020\/08\/25181818\/image011-1.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-12211\" src=\"https:\/\/d2uecu6cucl1lj.cloudfront.net\/ari\/2020\/08\/25181818\/image011-1-720x498.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"720\" height=\"498\" srcset=\"https:\/\/d2uecu6cucl1lj.cloudfront.net\/ari\/2020\/08\/25181818\/image011-1-720x498.png 720w, https:\/\/d2uecu6cucl1lj.cloudfront.net\/ari\/2020\/08\/25181818\/image011-1-768x531.png 768w, https:\/\/d2uecu6cucl1lj.cloudfront.net\/ari\/2020\/08\/25181818\/image011-1.png 1098w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 720px) 100vw, 720px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631: ELMPS \u00a0(1988-2018) \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062d\u0633\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0645. \u0633\u0639\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0631. \u062c\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0648 \u0645. \u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a\u060c &#8220;\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0648\u0627\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0631&#8221;\u060c \u0645\u0646\u062a\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 1368\u060c \u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\/\u0646\u0648\u0641\u0645\u0628\u0631 2019.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0642\u0644 \u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0623\u0628\u0633\u0637 \u0648\u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642\u060c \u0627\u062a\u0651\u0628\u0639\u064e\u062a \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0630\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629\u061b \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0629. \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u064f\u0634\u0631\u0651\u064e\u0639 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0643 \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u062d\u062a\u0651\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629\u060c \u0623\u064a \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0628\u062f\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1991 \u0628\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0645\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0627\u064b. \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u0623 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062a\u0646\u0637\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u064a\u0648\u062f \u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u0651 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0645 \u062a\u064f\u0646\u0641\u0651\u064e\u0630 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u064a\u062f \u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629\u061b \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0642\u0648\u0636 \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0644\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\u061b \u0628\u064a\u062f \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0636\u0639\u0641\u062a \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639\u060c \u0648\u0634\u062c\u0651\u064e\u0639\u062a -\u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643- \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u062f.<\/p>\n<p>\u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0647\u064a\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0639\u062f\u062f\u064d \u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064d \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0631. \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0645\u062f\u0641\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0636 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629. \u0627\u0646\u0637\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0641\u0646\u0629\u064d \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0646. \u0648\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0633\u0639\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0627\u064b \u062a\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0630\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0645\u0637\u0644\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629\u060c \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644\u062a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u062a\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u062e\u0635\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0627\u062a\u0633\u0639\u062a \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u064a \u0642\u0628\u0644. \u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0642\u0627\u062f\u062a \u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0628\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u062d\u064d \u0642\u062f\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0648\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a. \u0623\u0642\u0627\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0632 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u062f\u062e\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642\u060c \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0637\u0631\u0642 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0631\u0649 \u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0636\u0639\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_12058_1('footnote_plugin_reference_12058_1_11');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_12058_1('footnote_plugin_reference_12058_1_11');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_12058_1_11\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">11<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_12058_1_11\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u0625\u0633\u062d\u0627\u0642 \u062f\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0622\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646 2020\u060c \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_12058_1_11').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_12058_1_11', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0623\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u064a\u0633\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_12058_1('footnote_plugin_reference_12058_1_12');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_12058_1('footnote_plugin_reference_12058_1_12');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_12058_1_12\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">12<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_12058_1_12\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631\u0625\u0633\u062d\u0627\u0642 \u062f\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646 2020 \u0623\u0641\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0643\u0629 \u0644\u0640 32 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u062a\u0644\u0642\u062a \u0641\u064a 2010 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 90% \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0626\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0646\u062d\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u0641\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_12058_1_12').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_12058_1_12', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u064b\u060c \u062a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u0627\u064b \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0643\u0641\u0623 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u062d\u0635\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0629 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631. \u064a\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f. \u0648\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0648\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639 \u0628\u0647 \u0631\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0630\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a (\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u064a \u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621) \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646\u0647 \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u064a\u0627\u064b \u064a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0632 \u0636\u062f \u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0623\u063a\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a. \u0625\u0630 \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 -\u0639\u0648\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643- \u062a\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b.<\/p>\n<p>\u0623\u062f\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062a\u0633\u0645 \u0628\u0640 &#8220;\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629&#8221; \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u062c.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_12058_1('footnote_plugin_reference_12058_1_13');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_12058_1('footnote_plugin_reference_12058_1_13');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_12058_1_13\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">13<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_12058_1_13\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u0625\u0633\u062d\u0627\u0642 \u062f\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0622\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646 2020\u060c \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_12058_1_13').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_12058_1_13', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b\u060c \u062b\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u0642\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0645\u064a\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c. \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0635\u062f\u0639 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u064d \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639 \u0628\u0627\u0645\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639 \u0628\u0623\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a. \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0642\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a \u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u060c \u062a\u064f\u0639\u062a\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645 -\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645- \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629. \u0625\u0630 \u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0635\u0635 \u0633\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u064a\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0623\u0643\u0641\u0623\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a\u0647\u060c \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0646 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629&#8221; \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0647\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0628\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u0627 \u0630\u064f\u0643\u0631 \u0622\u0646\u0641\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0628\u062f\u0623\u062a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0636\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0623\u062d\u062f\u062b\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0641\u0644\u0627\u0633. \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0642\u062f \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0646\u062a \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0645\u062e\u064a\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u0622\u0645\u0627\u0644. \u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u062e\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0633\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0642\u062f \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0646\u062a\u0647\u064a \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0631\u0629. \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u060c \u0623\u062d\u062c\u0645\u062a \u0645\u0635\u0631\u060c \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0623\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0643\u0648\u0641\u064a\u062f-19\u060c \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0644\u0628 \u062a\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0635\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c\u0627\u064b \u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0633\u0648\u0641 \u064a\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632\u0627\u064b \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u062a\u062d \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635. \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0633\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648. \u0648\u0639\u0648\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u060c \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u062e\u0645 \u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0634.<\/p>\n<h2>&#8220;\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u0629&#8221; \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f<\/h2>\n<p>\u062e\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0634 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629. \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0634\u0643\u0644\u062a \u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0646\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 20% \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639 \u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0631\u0626\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0648\u0648\u0635\u0644\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 6% (\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0635\u063a\u0631 \u0628\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a) \u0645\u0639 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_12058_1('footnote_plugin_reference_12058_1_14');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_12058_1('footnote_plugin_reference_12058_1_14');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_12058_1_14\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">14<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_12058_1_14\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Abul-Magd, Zeinab, 2015, \u201cEgypt\u2019s Military Business: The Need for Change,\u201d Middle East Institute, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.mei.edu\/publications\/egypts-military-business-need-change\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/www.mei.edu\/publications\/egypts-military-business-need-change<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_12058_1_14').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_12058_1_14', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u0648\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629\u064b \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0634 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0648\u0633\u0651\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0647.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_12058_1('footnote_plugin_reference_12058_1_15');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_12058_1('footnote_plugin_reference_12058_1_15');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_12058_1_15\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">15<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_12058_1_15\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">.\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0637 \u0641\u064a 2010 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0634 \u0644\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0647\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629. \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u064a\u0636\u060c \u0627\u0645\u062a\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0634 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0637\u060c \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_12058_1_15').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_12058_1_15', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0648\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0631\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0634 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645\u060c \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632\u062a \u0628\u0643\u0644 \u0648\u0636\u0648\u062d \u0645\u0633\u0623\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0642\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0648\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u0639\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0633\u0645 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0633\u064a. \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u0627\u0633\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0636\u0637\u0644\u0639\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0637\u0644\u064a\u0639\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0631\u0632 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0639 \u0642\u0646\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0633 \u0648\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0627\u0635\u0645\u0629 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u0629 \u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629. \u062a\u062a\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0633\u062a\u0635\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 (\u0648\u0623\u063a\u0644\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0647\u062f\u062a \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0634 \u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062f \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062a\u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0636\u0649. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0627\u062f\u062a \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0630\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u060c \u0635\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0622\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0633\u0644\u0639 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u063a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0632\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 (Abul-Magd, 2015). \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u062f\u060c \u064a\u0648\u0638\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0634 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0637\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u064a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633 \u0645\u0639\u0647\u0627 -\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f- \u0646\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0646\u062f. \u0648\u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0634 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0631\u0628\u0639 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064a 2014 \u06482018\u060c \u0648\u0627\u062f\u0639\u0649 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0648\u0638\u0651\u0641 5 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0637\u0646.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_12058_1('footnote_plugin_reference_12058_1_16');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_12058_1('footnote_plugin_reference_12058_1_16');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_12058_1_16\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">16<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_12058_1_16\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u0628\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0641\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f \u062a\u0627\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0641\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0644\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0644\u0641\u0632\u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u060c 2 \u0623\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0644\/\u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631\u060c 2019 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=DwumS4goKHg\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=DwumS4goKHg<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_12058_1_16').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_12058_1_16', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script><\/p>\n<p>\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0635\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0634 \u0628\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u062a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u064a \u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0634\u0624\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0633\u062a \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u060c \u0632\u0627\u062f\u062a \u062d\u0635\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u064e\u062c\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a. \u064a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0646\u0641\u0648\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0634 \u0628\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0641\u0647 \u0645\u064f\u0646\u062a\u0650\u062c\u0627\u064b. \u0625\u0630 \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u062f\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0637\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0636\u0644\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0625\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062e\u064a\u0635\u0629 (\u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u064a\u0646) \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0644\u0633\u0644\u0639 &#8220;\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629&#8221; \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0646\u062a.<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u062f\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0639 \u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639. \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0633\u0651\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0634 \u062d\u0636\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639\u0647 \u0636\u0639\u064f\u0641\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0648\u062c\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u062a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639\u060c \u0641\u0644\u0627 \u0628\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0642\u062f \u0631\u0623\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0643\u0645\u0647\u060c \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0634 \u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645\u0647.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0642\u060c \u062a\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u0629\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u0629\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u064a\u0639\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0646\u0632\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u060c \u062a\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0642\u0646\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0641\u062a\u0642\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0634 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u0627\u064b \u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0628\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u062e\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0631\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642\u0647\u0627 (\u0639\u062f\u0644\u064a\u060c 2016).<\/p>\n<p>\u062b\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0634: \u0627\u0641\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0637\u0644\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u062a\u062c\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0634\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629. \u0625\u0630 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0639\u062f\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0646\u064a\u0641\u0627\u064b \u0648\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0646\u0642\u0635 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a. \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2020\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0623\u063a\u0644\u0628 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0628\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_12058_1('footnote_plugin_reference_12058_1_17');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_12058_1('footnote_plugin_reference_12058_1_17');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_12058_1_17\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">17<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_12058_1_17\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0632\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0622\u0646\u0630\u0627\u0643 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0643\u062a\u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u064a\u0645 \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 &#8220;\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628\u064a: 10 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0646\u064a\u0647 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a&#8221;\u060c \u0635\u062d\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0641\u062f\u060c 20 \u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\/\u0646\u0648\u0641\u0645\u0628\u0631\u060c 2017\u060c <a href=\"https:\/\/bit.ly\/2JoS357\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/bit.ly\/2JoS357<\/span><\/a>\u061b \u0648\u0641\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0643\u062a\u0628\u0647 \u062d\u0645\u062f\u064a \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0632 \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 &#8220;\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628\u064a: \u0646\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0645\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0627\u062a 12 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u062c\u0646\u064a\u0647 \u0641\u0649 2018&#8243;\u060c \u062c\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u060c 5 \u0622\u0630\u0627\u0631\/\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 2018\u060c <a href=\"https:\/\/bit.ly\/2MNkAmT\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/bit.ly\/2MNkAmT<\/span><\/a>.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_12058_1_17').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_12058_1_17', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u0648\u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u060c \u062a\u0639\u062f \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0634 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0642\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0639\u064f\u0631\u0636\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0627\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u062e\u0635\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1991.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_12058_1('footnote_plugin_reference_12058_1_18');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_12058_1('footnote_plugin_reference_12058_1_18');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_12058_1_18\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">18<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_12058_1_18\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">See Abdel Latif Wahba Tarek El-Tablawy, \u201cEgypt Suspends State-Company Stake Sales Due to Virus Turmoil,\u201d <em>Bloomberg Quint<\/em>, June 29 2020, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bloombergquint.com\/politics\/egypt-suspends-state-company-stake-sales-due-to-virus-turmoil\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/www.bloombergquint.com\/politics\/egypt-suspends-state-company-stake-sales-due-to-virus-turmoil<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_12058_1_18').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_12058_1_18', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u0625\u0630 \u0625\u0646 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u062e\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0623\u062c\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u064f\u062d\u0645\u0651\u0650\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0632\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0645\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0638\u0644\u062a \u0645\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0643\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0646\u0638\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0643\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0634 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0639\u0629\u064d \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u061b \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0630\u0631\u0639 \u0628\u0645\u0642\u062a\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a. \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062e\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u064a\u0634\u0631\u0639 \u060c\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0627\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062b\u0642\u0644 \u0643\u0627\u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0644\u062f \u064a\u0639\u062f \u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627\u064b \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0626\u064a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0637\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0645\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0631\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644. \u064a\u064f\u0639\u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0634 \u0628\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0636\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u062e\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_12058_1('footnote_plugin_reference_12058_1_19');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_12058_1('footnote_plugin_reference_12058_1_19');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_12058_1_19\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">19<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_12058_1_19\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u064a\u0646\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0634 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0636\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0639\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u062d\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a. \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0623\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0624\u0647\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0641\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0634\u0643\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0631\u0636\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0644.\u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: <u><a href=\"https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/investigates\/special-report\/egypt-economy-military\/\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/investigates\/special-report\/egypt-economy-military\/<\/span><\/a><\/u><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_12058_1_19').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_12058_1_19', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u0648\u064a\u0633\u062a\u0641\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0641\u062a\u0639\u0644\u061b \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062f\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0634\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0631\u062e\u064a\u0635\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0634\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0646\u062f\u064a\u0646.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_12058_1('footnote_plugin_reference_12058_1_20');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_12058_1('footnote_plugin_reference_12058_1_20');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_12058_1_20\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">20<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_12058_1_20\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u0628\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u062a\u0641\u0635\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0635\u0627\u064a\u063a \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 &#8220;\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629: \u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a&#8221;. <a href=\"https:\/\/carnegie-mec.org\/2019\/12\/14\/ar-pub-80489\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/carnegie-mec.org\/2019\/12\/14\/ar-pub-80489<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_12058_1_20').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_12058_1_20', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u0623\u063a\u0644\u0628 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u062e\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0644\u0651\u062f\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0645 \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0636 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a.<\/p>\n<p>\u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0636\u062d \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062e\u0631\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f \u064a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u0646\u0642\u0635 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u060c \u064a\u0635\u0639\u0628 \u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631. \u0641\u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u0629\u060c \u0631\u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0634\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0634 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u062a\u0639\u0648\u064a\u0636 \u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0628\u0639\u062f 2015\u060c \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u062a \u0623\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0639\u062f \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0647 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0634 \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0647. \u064a\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0639\u0646 \u062e\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0646\u0641\u0627\u062f \u0635\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0647 \u0636\u0639\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u062e\u0644\u0642\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0630 2013.<\/p>\n<p>\u0623\u0628\u062f\u062a \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0646 \u0631\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0636\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0642 \u062d\u0633\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0643. \u0633\u064f\u0645\u062d \u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0623\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0639\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646\u0630 2013\u060c \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0650\u062f \u0623\u064a\u064c \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0632\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629. \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0634 \u064a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0633\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0646\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0628\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0648\u0644\u0645\u0629 -\u0646\u0638\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0639\u0631\u0636\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a- \u0648\u0625\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u062a\u0641\u0636\u064a\u0644 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0637\u0646\u061b \u0648\u0643\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0648\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0635 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0633\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0644\u0642\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0634\u0648\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u064a\u0632\u0627\u062d\u0645\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0634\u060c \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0642 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 (\u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0644 \u0646\u0632\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0634 \u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0642)\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0644. \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2016\u060c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0634 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0646\u0634\u0623 \u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u062d\u0635\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0646\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0633\u0641\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0647\u064a\u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0648\u0639\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0648\u0646\u0642\u0635 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629. \u0648\u0646\u0638\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0630\u0627\u062a \u0622\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639 \u0628\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0635\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0634 \u0633\u0648\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0636\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u062e\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u064a\u064a\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062f\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627. \u0635\u0648\u0651\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0634 \u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0623\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0637\u0645\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a 2019 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 &#8220;\u0644\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.almasryalyoum.com\/news\/details\/1420305\">10-15%<\/a> \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629&#8221;. \u0623\u0643\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0634 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0647\u064a\u0645\u0646\u062a\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0633\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0631 \u0648 47 \u062c\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0632\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629\u060c \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639\u0647\u0627 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.masrawy.com\/news\/news_egypt\/details\/2019\/8\/7\/1614494\/%D9%82%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B1-%D8%B1%D8%A6%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%8A-%D8%A8%D8%AA%D8%AE%D8%B5%D9%8A%D8%B5-47-%D8%AC%D8%B2%D9%8A%D8%B1%D8%A9-%D9%85%D9%86-%D8%A3%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B6%D9%8A-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%84%D8%A9-%D9%84%D9%84%D9%82%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%A9\">\u062a\u062d\u062a<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.masrawy.com\/news\/news_egypt\/details\/2019\/8\/7\/1614494\/%D9%82%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B1-%D8%B1%D8%A6%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%8A-%D8%A8%D8%AA%D8%AE%D8%B5%D9%8A%D8%B5-47-%D8%AC%D8%B2%D9%8A%D8%B1%D8%A9-%D9%85%D9%86-%D8%A3%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B6%D9%8A-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%84%D8%A9-%D9%84%D9%84%D9%82%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%A9\">\u062a\u0635\u0631\u0641<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.masrawy.com\/news\/news_egypt\/details\/2019\/8\/7\/1614494\/%D9%82%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B1-%D8%B1%D8%A6%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%8A-%D8%A8%D8%AA%D8%AE%D8%B5%D9%8A%D8%B5-47-%D8%AC%D8%B2%D9%8A%D8%B1%D8%A9-%D9%85%D9%86-%D8%A3%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B6%D9%8A-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%84%D8%A9-%D9%84%D9%84%D9%82%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%A9\">\u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0634<\/a>. \u0648\u0634\u062c\u0639 \u0628\u0634\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0633\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0634\u060c \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0631\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u062d\u062f\u0651\u064e\u062a \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0632\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u064a\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0634 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0632\u0627\u062f\u062a \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0638 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0646\u0638\u064a\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629. \u0641\u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0645\u0632\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0627\u064b\u060c \u062a\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f \u0623\u0648 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0639\u0637\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u0645\u0646\u062d\u0647\u0627 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u064a\u0651 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u060c \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0627\u062a \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0635\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629. \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062e\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0644\u0623\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0631\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u0628\u0644 \u0648\u062a\u0647\u064a\u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 &#8220;\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629&#8221;\u060c \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0631.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_12058_1('footnote_plugin_reference_12058_1_21');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_12058_1('footnote_plugin_reference_12058_1_21');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_12058_1_21\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">21<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_12058_1_21\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u062c\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0643\u0627 \u0646\u0648\u0644\u060c \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0631: \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0633\u0627\u062f \u0623\u0645 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645\u061f\u060c \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0637\u060c 6 \u0634\u0628\u0627\u0637\/\u0641\u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0631 2019.<a href=\"https:\/\/pomed.org\/report-corruption-egypts-administrative-control-authority\/\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/pomed.org\/report-corruption-egypts-administrative-control-authority\/<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_12058_1_21').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_12058_1_21', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script><\/p>\n<p>\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0646\u0641\u0648\u0630\u0647 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0630 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0625\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0631\u0624\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u0631\u0624\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0636 \u0648\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629. \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0647\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0636\u0639\u0641\u062a \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629. \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0631\u0641\u0636\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0634 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0642 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0634 \u0623\u063a\u0644\u0642\u062a \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u0629 \u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0635\u0635\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642.<\/p>\n<p>\u0623\u062b\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0647\u064a\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0634 \u0642\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_12058_1('footnote_plugin_reference_12058_1_22');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_12058_1('footnote_plugin_reference_12058_1_22');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_12058_1_22\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">22<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_12058_1_22\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0624\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0628\u0633\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0648\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0629 &#8220;\u0631\u0648\u064a\u062a\u0631\u0632&#8221; \u0639\u0627\u0645 2018\u060c \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0634 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0634 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u062e\u0648\u0641\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0634\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645. \u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631:<a href=\"https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/investigates\/special-report\/egypt-economy-military\/\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/investigates\/special-report\/egypt-economy-military\/<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_12058_1_22').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_12058_1_22', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u0641\u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0634\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 -\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644\u0627\u064b- \u0623\u062e\u0641\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0630\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631. \u064a\u062a\u062c\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629\u064b \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u062e\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0634\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 &#8220;\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629&#8221;\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a: \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0642\u0646\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0633 \u0648\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0631 \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629. \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u063a\u064a\u0627\u0628 \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a \u064a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0632\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0632\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0634 \u0645\u062d\u0641\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0648\u0647\u0631\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0632\u0641\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0644 \u063a\u064a\u0627\u0628 \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a \u064a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u062c\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062b\u0642 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0633\u0648\u0641 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<p>\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0646\u062d \u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0646\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0641\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0648\u064a\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0645\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a. \u0648\u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0645\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637 \u0635\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0625\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0621 \u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0634 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0628\u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0647\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u062c\u0632\u0623 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u062c\u0632\u0623 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u0639\u0649 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0623\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u064a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0645\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0646\u0633\u062e\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0631\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u062e\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0641\u0647 \u0637\u0631\u0641\u0627\u064b \u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0627\u064b \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u062a\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0641\u0647 \u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0639\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0634\u062c\u0639\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<h2>\u062a\u062f\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0644 \u0646\u0645\u0648 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639<\/h2>\n<p>\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0631\u0627\u0639\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0621 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0627\u064b \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u062f\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u060c \u0641\u0633\u064a\u062c\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0647\u0634\u0627\u0634\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0631\u062f\u064a \u0628\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u064a\u0651 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0634\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0647\u062f \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0643.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_12058_1('footnote_plugin_reference_12058_1_23');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_12058_1('footnote_plugin_reference_12058_1_23');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_12058_1_23\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">23<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_12058_1_23\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u0623\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0648\u0646 \u0622\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629. \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0632\u0639\u064a\u062a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0629: &#8211; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/pulse\/can-egypt-classified-best-reform-story-emerging-markets-ahmad-zuaiter\/\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/pulse\/can-egypt-classified-best-reform-story-emerging-markets-ahmad-zuaiter\/<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_12058_1_23').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_12058_1_23', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script><\/p>\n<p>\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0636\u0639 \u0628\u0623\u064a\u0651 \u0641\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0645 \u062a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0644\u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 33% \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2018 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a 30% \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2012 (\u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2020). \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a. \u0641\u0642\u062f \u062d\u062f\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0644\u064a\u0628\u0644\u063a 763 \u062c\u0646\u064a\u0647\u0627\u064b \u0641\u0642\u0637 (45 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0631) \u0634\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0631\u0642\u0645 \u064a\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u062a\u0641\u064a\u062f \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0623\u0646 60% \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627 &#8220;\u0625\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u0631\u0636\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631&#8221;.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 7: <\/strong><strong>\u062d\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646 (2012 \u06482018)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/d2uecu6cucl1lj.cloudfront.net\/ari\/2020\/08\/25181818\/image013.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-12214\" src=\"https:\/\/d2uecu6cucl1lj.cloudfront.net\/ari\/2020\/08\/25181818\/image013-720x436.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"720\" height=\"436\" srcset=\"https:\/\/d2uecu6cucl1lj.cloudfront.net\/ari\/2020\/08\/25181818\/image013-720x436.png 720w, https:\/\/d2uecu6cucl1lj.cloudfront.net\/ari\/2020\/08\/25181818\/image013-1440x872.png 1440w, https:\/\/d2uecu6cucl1lj.cloudfront.net\/ari\/2020\/08\/25181818\/image013-768x465.png 768w, https:\/\/d2uecu6cucl1lj.cloudfront.net\/ari\/2020\/08\/25181818\/image013.png 1497w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 720px) 100vw, 720px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631: ELMPS \u00a0(1988-2018) \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062d\u0633\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0645. \u0633\u0639\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0631. \u062c\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0648 \u0645. \u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a\u060c &#8220;\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0648\u0627\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0631&#8221;\u060c \u0645\u0646\u062a\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 1368\u060c \u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\/\u0646\u0648\u0641\u0645\u0628\u0631 2019.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0638\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0637\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f\u064d \u0647\u064a \u0642\u0644\u0628 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0631. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0646 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0625\u0639\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0632\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0643\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u0644\u0647\u0627. \u0625\u0630 \u064a\u063a\u0637\u064a \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u060c \u062a\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0644 \u0648\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0628\u0646\u062d\u0648 9.4 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0634\u062e\u0635\u060c \u0623\u064a 10% \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_12058_1('footnote_plugin_reference_12058_1_24');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_12058_1('footnote_plugin_reference_12058_1_24');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_12058_1_24\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">24<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_12058_1_24\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c &#8220;\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0644&#8221; \u064a\u0645\u0646\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0631 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0634\u0627\u062a \u0634\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637\u0629. \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a &#8220;\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0629&#8221; \u064a\u0645\u0646\u062d \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0634\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0643\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0645\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0623\u0635\u062d\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0636\u0649 \u0641\u0636\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0645\u0649.<a href=\"https:\/\/www.worldbank.org\/en\/news\/feature\/2019\/03\/14\/egypt-empowering-women-trough-cash-transfers\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/www.worldbank.org\/en\/news\/feature\/2019\/03\/14\/egypt-empowering-women-trough-cash-transfers<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_12058_1_24').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_12058_1_24', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0623\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a. \u0641\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0637\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0642\u062a\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a \u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0645\u062a\u0631\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0631\u0628\u0639 \u062f\u062e\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u0631\u0649.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_12058_1('footnote_plugin_reference_12058_1_25');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_12058_1('footnote_plugin_reference_12058_1_25');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_12058_1_25\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">25<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_12058_1_25\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.economist.com\/middle-east-and-africa\/2019\/08\/08\/egypt-is-reforming-its-economy-but-poverty-is-rising\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/www.economist.com\/middle-east-and-africa\/2019\/08\/08\/egypt-is-reforming-its-economy-but-poverty-is-rising<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_12058_1_25').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_12058_1_25', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script><\/p>\n<p>\u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0623\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0643\u0648\u0641\u064a\u062f-19\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u062a \u0645\u0646 47% \u0639\u0627\u0645 2008 \u0625\u0644\u0649 39% \u0639\u0627\u0645 2018 (\u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u062a \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0646 71% \u0625\u0644\u0649 63% \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629).<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_12058_1('footnote_plugin_reference_12058_1_26');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_12058_1('footnote_plugin_reference_12058_1_26');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_12058_1_26\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">26<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_12058_1_26\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u062d\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u0638\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0649 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0631 2020\u060c &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0631: \u0623\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0637 \u0648\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a&#8221;.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_12058_1_26').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_12058_1_26', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0644 \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u062a\u062f\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0623\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0629. \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0638\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0626\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064a 2012 \u0648 2018. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0632\u0627\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644. \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0623\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0643\u0648\u0641\u064a\u062f-19 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u062e\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0645\u0624\u0642\u062a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 600 \u0623\u0644\u0641 \u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0634\u0647\u0631\u064a \u0646\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0646\/\u0623\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u062d\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646\/\u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2020\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_12058_1('footnote_plugin_reference_12058_1_27');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_12058_1('footnote_plugin_reference_12058_1_27');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_12058_1_27\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">27<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_12058_1_27\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ifpri.org\/publication\/impact-covid-19-egyptian-economy-economic-sectors-jobs-and-households\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/www.ifpri.org\/publication\/impact-covid-19-egyptian-economy-economic-sectors-jobs-and-households<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_12058_1_27').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_12058_1_27', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0646\u0628\u0623\u062a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 8: \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/d2uecu6cucl1lj.cloudfront.net\/ari\/2020\/08\/25181817\/image015.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-12217\" src=\"https:\/\/d2uecu6cucl1lj.cloudfront.net\/ari\/2020\/08\/25181817\/image015-720x364.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"720\" height=\"364\" srcset=\"https:\/\/d2uecu6cucl1lj.cloudfront.net\/ari\/2020\/08\/25181817\/image015-720x364.png 720w, https:\/\/d2uecu6cucl1lj.cloudfront.net\/ari\/2020\/08\/25181817\/image015-768x388.png 768w, https:\/\/d2uecu6cucl1lj.cloudfront.net\/ari\/2020\/08\/25181817\/image015.png 1241w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 720px) 100vw, 720px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631<\/strong><strong>: \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><strong>\u0645\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0638\u0629<\/strong>: \u064a\u064f\u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631 \u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 (% \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0639\u064a\u0634\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0633\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0634\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a \u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0636\u062e\u0645\u060c \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0646\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0646\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0629.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_12058_1('footnote_plugin_reference_12058_1_28');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_12058_1('footnote_plugin_reference_12058_1_28');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_12058_1_28\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">28<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_12058_1_28\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u0645\u0646\u0649 \u0633\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0648\u0631\u0627\u0645\u064a \u062c\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0645\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a\u060c &#8220;\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0648\u0627\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0631&#8221;\u060c \u0645\u0646\u062a\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0631\u0642\u0645 (1368)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0627\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a EMLP.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_12058_1_28').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_12058_1_28', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 17% \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064a 2012 \u06482018\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1998. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0623\u062c\u0648\u0631 \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0634\u0647\u062f\u0648\u0627 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u062c\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0623\u062b\u0631\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a: \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0635\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0639\u0627\u0644 (\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0630\u0644\u0643) -\u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0635\u062d\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629- \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635. \u064a\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0632\u0627\u062f\u062a \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0623\u062c\u0631\u064d \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0635\u062d\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 (\u0623\u064a\u0651 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636) \u0645\u0646 51% \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2012 \u0625\u0644\u0649 57% \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2018\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0628\u0644\u063a\u062a \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 72%. \u0648\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0623\u062c\u0631\u060c \u0623\u064a\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0632\u0627\u062f\u062a \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0623\u0635\u062d\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0645\u0646 37% \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2012 \u0625\u0644\u0649 47% \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2018. \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0632\u0627\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0646 45% \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2012 \u0625\u0644\u0649 55% \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2018. \u0648\u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644\u064d \u0639\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0633\u0648\u0641 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0643\u0648\u0641\u064a\u062f-19 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u062f\u062e\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0631\u060c \u0641\u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0633\u0648\u0641 \u064a\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 405 \u062c\u0646\u064a\u0647\u0627\u062a (\u0623\u0648 7.5%) \u0634\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0634\u0647\u0631\u064a \u0646\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0646\/\u0623\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u062d\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646\/\u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2020. \u0648\u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 271 \u062c\u0646\u064a\u0647 (\u0623\u0648 -9.7% \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u062e\u0644) \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 9: \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/d2uecu6cucl1lj.cloudfront.net\/ari\/2020\/08\/25181817\/image017.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-12220\" src=\"https:\/\/d2uecu6cucl1lj.cloudfront.net\/ari\/2020\/08\/25181817\/image017-720x387.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"720\" height=\"387\" srcset=\"https:\/\/d2uecu6cucl1lj.cloudfront.net\/ari\/2020\/08\/25181817\/image017-720x387.png 720w, https:\/\/d2uecu6cucl1lj.cloudfront.net\/ari\/2020\/08\/25181817\/image017-768x413.png 768w, https:\/\/d2uecu6cucl1lj.cloudfront.net\/ari\/2020\/08\/25181817\/image017.png 1342w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 720px) 100vw, 720px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"direction: rtl; padding-right: 40px;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631: (OCT 24, 2019) CAPMAS, LFS DATA, ACCESSED FROM CAPMAS.GOV.EG<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u062a\u0632\u0639\u0632\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0647. \u0648\u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639\u062a \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0629 (\u0648\u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0632\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062f\u0641\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0631) \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 -\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0646- \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 15 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0625\u0644\u0649 34 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639\u062a \u0628\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 <u>\u0623\u0634\u062f<\/u> <u>\u062d\u062f\u0629<\/u> \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u064b.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 10: <\/strong><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0629 % \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/d2uecu6cucl1lj.cloudfront.net\/ari\/2020\/08\/25181817\/image019.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-12223\" src=\"https:\/\/d2uecu6cucl1lj.cloudfront.net\/ari\/2020\/08\/25181817\/image019-720x350.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"720\" height=\"350\" srcset=\"https:\/\/d2uecu6cucl1lj.cloudfront.net\/ari\/2020\/08\/25181817\/image019-720x350.png 720w, https:\/\/d2uecu6cucl1lj.cloudfront.net\/ari\/2020\/08\/25181817\/image019-768x373.png 768w, https:\/\/d2uecu6cucl1lj.cloudfront.net\/ari\/2020\/08\/25181817\/image019.png 1118w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 720px) 100vw, 720px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631: \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0631\u0635\u062f \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u060c \u062a\u0645\u0648\u0632\/\u064a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0648 2019\u060c \u0635 13.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u062d\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645. \u0648\u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062c\u0648\u0639 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u064a \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0635\u0631\u060c \u0633\u0646\u062c\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0625\u0646\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0642\u062f \u0634\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636\u0627\u064b \u062d\u0627\u062f\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0644\u064a\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 1.5% \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2017\/2018\u060c \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0646 4.6% \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2016\/2017\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0628\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0639\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 3% (\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062d\u062f\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0647\u0648 %3 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a).<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_12058_1('footnote_plugin_reference_12058_1_29');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_12058_1('footnote_plugin_reference_12058_1_29');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_12058_1_29\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">29<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_12058_1_29\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/pulse\/can-egypt-classified-best-reform-story-emerging-markets-ahmad-zuaiter\/\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/pulse\/can-egypt-classified-best-reform-story-emerging-markets-ahmad-zuaiter\/<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_12058_1_29').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_12058_1_29', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0625\u0646\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645. \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0642\u062f \u062e\u0635\u0635\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0636\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0644\u0625\u0646\u0641\u0627\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0624\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0643\u0645\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0623\u0645 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0633\u0623\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0625\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0623\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0644\u062c\u0648\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>\u00a0<\/em>\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644<\/strong><strong>\u00a011: \u0633\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0635\u0631<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/d2uecu6cucl1lj.cloudfront.net\/ari\/2020\/08\/25181817\/image021.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-12226\" src=\"https:\/\/d2uecu6cucl1lj.cloudfront.net\/ari\/2020\/08\/25181817\/image021-720x466.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"720\" height=\"466\" srcset=\"https:\/\/d2uecu6cucl1lj.cloudfront.net\/ari\/2020\/08\/25181817\/image021-720x466.png 720w, https:\/\/d2uecu6cucl1lj.cloudfront.net\/ari\/2020\/08\/25181817\/image021-768x497.png 768w, https:\/\/d2uecu6cucl1lj.cloudfront.net\/ari\/2020\/08\/25181817\/image021.png 929w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 720px) 100vw, 720px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631: \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0643\u0634\u0641\u062a \u062c\u0627\u0626\u062d\u0629 \u0643\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u062c\u0644\u0627\u0621\u064d \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u062a\u062f\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0647\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0642\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0647\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0642\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0623\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0648\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0647\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 120 \u0623\u0644\u0641 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0628\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0635\u0644 220 \u0623\u0644\u0641 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u0633\u062c\u0644\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0645\u0635\u0631\u060c<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_12058_1('footnote_plugin_reference_12058_1_30');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_12058_1('footnote_plugin_reference_12058_1_30');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_12058_1_30\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">30<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_12058_1_30\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\"><a href=\"http:\/\/gate.ahram.org.eg\/News\/2270874.aspx\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">http:\/\/gate.ahram.org.eg\/News\/2270874.aspx<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_12058_1_30').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_12058_1_30', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u0648\u064a\u0628\u0644\u063a \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0631\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0641\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0635\u0631 1.3 \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0644\u0641 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0637\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0631\u0649 (\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0628\u0644\u063a 1.2)\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0628\u0644\u063a 1.6\u060c \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639)\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0623\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639 \u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0648\u0645\u064a\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a&#8221;\u060c \u0642\u0627\u0644 31% \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0631\u0627\u0636\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0628\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 20 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2010.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_12058_1('footnote_plugin_reference_12058_1_31');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_12058_1('footnote_plugin_reference_12058_1_31');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_12058_1_31\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">31<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_12058_1_31\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\"><a href=\"https:\/\/foreignpolicy.com\/2020\/04\/30\/egypt-sisi-coronavirus-political-threat\/\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/foreignpolicy.com\/2020\/04\/30\/egypt-sisi-coronavirus-political-threat\/<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_12058_1_31').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_12058_1_31', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u062f\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u062d\u062f\u062b\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0643\u0648\u0641\u064a\u062f-19 \u0628\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0647 \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0634\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a. \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0631\u0636 \u0635\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u0624\u062e\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0647\u0648 \u062f\u0639\u0645 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0631\u0636\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0623\u062b\u0631\u062a \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631&#8221;.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_12058_1('footnote_plugin_reference_12058_1_32');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_12058_1('footnote_plugin_reference_12058_1_32');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_12058_1_32\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">32<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_12058_1_32\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.imf.org\/en\/News\/Articles\/2020\/06\/26\/pr20248-egypt-imf-executive-board-approves-12-month-us-5-2billion-stand-by-arrangement\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/www.imf.org\/en\/News\/Articles\/2020\/06\/26\/pr20248-egypt-imf-executive-board-approves-12-month-us-5-2billion-stand-by-arrangement<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_12058_1_32').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_12058_1_32', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0633\u062a\u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u0627\u064b.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u064f\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062d\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u064a \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b. \u0641\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0622\u062e\u0630 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0647\u0628\u0637\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0629 89 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0629 116 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2020 (\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0635\u0644 189 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629). \u0648\u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u064f\u0646\u0641\u0642 2.4% \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0628\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0646\u0635 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0628\u0644\u063a 4%\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0628\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u0628\u0644\u063a\u062a 4%-5%. \u0648\u062a\u0623\u062a\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0629 133 (\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0635\u0644 137 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629) \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 2017-2018.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_12058_1('footnote_plugin_reference_12058_1_33');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_12058_1('footnote_plugin_reference_12058_1_33');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_12058_1_33\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">33<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_12058_1_33\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www3.weforum.org\/docs\/GCR2017-2018\/05FullReport\/TheGlobalCompetitivenessReport2017%E2%80%932018.pdf\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">http:\/\/www3.weforum.org\/docs\/GCR2017-2018\/05FullReport\/TheGlobalCompetitivenessReport2017%E2%80%932018.pdf<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_12058_1_33').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_12058_1_33', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u0648\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0644\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_12058_1('footnote_plugin_reference_12058_1_34');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_12058_1('footnote_plugin_reference_12058_1_34');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_12058_1_34\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">34<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_12058_1_34\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\"><a href=\"https:\/\/timep.org\/commentary\/analysis\/egypts-long-road-to-education-reform\/\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/timep.org\/commentary\/analysis\/egypts-long-road-to-education-reform\/<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_12058_1_34').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_12058_1_34', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script><\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0648\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0626\u0644. \u0625\u0630 \u064a\u0628\u0644\u063a \u062a\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u0631 100 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0646\u0633\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0628\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 2% \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639 \u0645\u062c\u062f\u062f\u0627\u064b \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629. \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0648\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0639\u0632\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0623\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_12058_1('footnote_plugin_reference_12058_1_35');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_12058_1('footnote_plugin_reference_12058_1_35');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_12058_1_35\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">35<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_12058_1_35\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u0643\u0627\u0631\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0631\u0627\u0641\u062a\u060c 2016\u060c &#8220;\u0645\u0627 \u0633\u0631 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0631\u061f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0647 \u0641\u0631\u0635 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0623\u0629&#8221;\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0632\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0635\u0631\u060c \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0631\u0642\u0645 1050.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_12058_1_35').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_12058_1_35', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0637\u0631\u0623 \u0623\u064a\u0651 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0630\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0648\u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0648\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629. \u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u064b\u060c \u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0646 24 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0644\u062b\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0646 14 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0648\u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 3.5 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0645\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0628\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 700 \u0623\u0644\u0641 \u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0627\u064b.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u060c \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0623\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0623\u064a\u060c \u064a\u064f\u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0633\u064a. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0628\u062c\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u064f\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a\u060c \u0646\u0645\u0637\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0645\u0627\u062b\u0644\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0633\u0645 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u064a\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u064a\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631.<\/p>\n<p>\u0628\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0648\u0645\u064a\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a&#8221; \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0623\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0643\u0648\u0641\u064a\u062f-19\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0637\u0631\u0623 \u0627\u0646\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062e\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u062a \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642 &#8220;\u0645\u0636\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629&#8221;\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0644\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 90% \u0639\u0627\u0645 2011\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0649 60% \u0639\u0627\u0645 2013\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 30% \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2016 \u0648\u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0646. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u060c \u0628\u0644\u063a\u062a \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 &#8220;\u0628\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629&#8221; \u0646\u062d\u0648 68%\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0648\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639 \u0623\u062c\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0648\u0645\u064a\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a&#8221;. \u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u0646\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0638\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0634\u0647\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064a 2011-2013. \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u064f\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u062a\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a. \u0625\u0630\u0627\u064b \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0636\u0629\u061f<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 12: <\/strong><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0622\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0648\u0645\u064a\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/d2uecu6cucl1lj.cloudfront.net\/ari\/2020\/08\/25181816\/image025.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-12229\" src=\"https:\/\/d2uecu6cucl1lj.cloudfront.net\/ari\/2020\/08\/25181816\/image025-720x369.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"720\" height=\"369\" srcset=\"https:\/\/d2uecu6cucl1lj.cloudfront.net\/ari\/2020\/08\/25181816\/image025-720x369.png 720w, https:\/\/d2uecu6cucl1lj.cloudfront.net\/ari\/2020\/08\/25181816\/image025-768x394.png 768w, https:\/\/d2uecu6cucl1lj.cloudfront.net\/ari\/2020\/08\/25181816\/image025.png 1272w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 720px) 100vw, 720px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631: \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0648\u0645\u064a\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u0643\u0645\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062a\u0639\u0635\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0648\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0644\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u062e\u0630\u062a \u062a\u0644\u0647\u062c \u0628\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u062a \u0645\u0635\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627. \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0643\u0634\u0641\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0623\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u062c\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0648\u0645\u064a\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a&#8221; \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0642\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0646\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a. \u0625\u0630 \u064a\u064f\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 (\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 &#8220;\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644&#8221; \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646) \u062a\u062d\u0633\u0646\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0638\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628 80% \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2016 (\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a \u0645\u0639 \u0646\u0634\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646)\u060c \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0634\u0647\u062f\u062a \u0647\u0628\u0648\u0637\u0627\u064b \u062d\u0627\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0644\u063a 19% \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2013. \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0646\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0638\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639\u0627\u064b. \u0641\u0636\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0634\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0636\u0627 \u0625\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0628\u0630\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0641\u0631\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 (\u062c\u064a\u062f \u0623\u0648 \u062c\u064a\u062f \u062c\u062f\u0627\u064b) \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 20% \u0641\u0642\u0637\u060c \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639 \u0623\u062c\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0648\u0645\u064a\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a&#8221;.<\/p>\n<p>\u0644\u0630\u0627\u060c \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u064a\u062a\u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0622\u062e\u0630 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0631. \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062a\u0649 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u062f\u0648\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u061f \u0641\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u060c \u064a\u064f\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0648\u062a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u062c\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0648\u0636\u0648\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0646\u0647\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0633\u0623\u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0623\u062c\u0627\u0628 30% \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639 \u0628\u0646\u0639\u0645 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2019 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 55% \u0639\u0627\u0645 2011 (&#8220;\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635&#8221;). \u0648\u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0646 10% \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u064a\u0641\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2011\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0632\u062f\u0627\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0647\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0644\u063a\u062a 30% \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639 \u0623\u062c\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0648\u0645\u064a\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a&#8221;. \u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0636\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0633\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062c\u062d \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c\u0647\u0627 \u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629. \u0625\u0630 \u0625\u0646 \u0623\u064a\u0651 \u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0634\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0632\u0639\u0632\u0639 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0623\u064a\u0651 \u062a\u062f\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0644\u0642\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0634\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u0628\u0629 \u0623\u0635\u0644\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0642\u062f \u062a\u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062e\u0637.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_12058_1('footnote_plugin_reference_12058_1_36');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_12058_1('footnote_plugin_reference_12058_1_36');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_12058_1_36\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">36<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_12058_1_36\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0648 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u064a\u060c &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0636\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0629&#8221; <a href=\"https:\/\/carnegie-mec.org\/2016\/07\/21\/ar-pub-64158\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/carnegie-mec.org\/2016\/07\/21\/ar-pub-64158<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_12058_1_36').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_12058_1_36', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script><\/p>\n<h2>\u0642\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0651\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a<\/h2>\n<p>\u0634\u0647\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0627\u064b \u062d\u0627\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0633\u0628\u0642 \u0644\u0647 \u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0647\u0627\u0628&#8221; \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062d\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0639\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u062c\u0632\u0626\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0638\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0647\u062f \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0643\u060c \u0639\u0645\u0644\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0633\u0645 \u0628\u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0626\u064a\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0651\u0632 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0631.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_12058_1('footnote_plugin_reference_12058_1_37');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_12058_1('footnote_plugin_reference_12058_1_37');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_12058_1_37\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">37<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_12058_1_37\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\"><a href=\"https:\/\/carnegieendowment.org\/2017\/05\/18\/institutionalized-repression-in-egypt-pub-69959\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/carnegieendowment.org\/2017\/05\/18\/institutionalized-repression-in-egypt-pub-69959<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_12058_1_37').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_12058_1_37', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u062d\u0631\u0635 \u0623\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u062c\u0647\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u062d\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0635\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0628\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0646\u0634\u0623\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062d\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0639\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629. \u0648\u0628\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2011\u060c \u0628\u0644\u063a \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0646\u062d\u0648 30 \u0623\u0644\u0641 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u064a\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_12058_1('footnote_plugin_reference_12058_1_38');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_12058_1('footnote_plugin_reference_12058_1_38');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_12058_1_38\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">38<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_12058_1_38\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u0625\u064a\u0647\u0627\u0628 \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0647 \u0648\u0622\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646\u060c &#8220;\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0646\u062d\u0648\u061f&#8221;. \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0646\u063a\u0632\u060c \u062d\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646\/\u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648 2011\u060c <a href=\"https:\/\/www.brookings.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/06\/06_egypt_civil_society.pdf\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/www.brookings.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/06\/06_egypt_civil_society.pdf<\/span><\/a>; \u0648\u0643\u0627\u062b\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0644\u062f &#8220;\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0643&#8221;.<a href=\"https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/282621430_NGO_Policy_in_Pre-_and_Post-Mubarak_Egypt_Effects_on_NGOs%27_Roles_in_Democracy_Promotion\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/282621430_NGO_Policy_in_Pre-_and_Post-Mubarak_Egypt_Effects_on_NGOs%27_Roles_in_Democracy_Promotion<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_12058_1_38').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_12058_1_38', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script><\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u064a\u0636 \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0634\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0633\u064a \u062d\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a. \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u0631\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0633\u0631\u0639\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0637\u0627\u0626\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0627\u0641\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0630\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a. \u0648\u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0638\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062d\u064a\u0644\u0627\u064b. \u0628\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062f\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0624\u062e\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0644\u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0641\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0646\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u064a\u0634\u0643\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0647\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0635\u062f\u064a \u0644\u062c\u0627\u0626\u062d\u0629 \u0643\u0648\u0641\u064a\u062f-19.<\/p>\n<p>\u0641\u0642\u062f \u0623\u063a\u0644\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0633\u0639\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0645\u0644\u0643\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 -\u0628\u0644 \u0625\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0630 \u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 &#8220;\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0644 \u0643\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0644&#8221;- \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062d\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u062b \u0623\u064a \u0634\u0643\u0627\u0648\u0649 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_12058_1('footnote_plugin_reference_12058_1_39');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_12058_1('footnote_plugin_reference_12058_1_39');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_12058_1_39\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">39<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_12058_1_39\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u00ab\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u064a\u0646\u00bb\u060c <a href=\"https:\/\/madamasr.com\/en\/2017\/12\/21\/feature\/politics\/looking-into-the-latest-acquisition-of-egyptian-media-companies-by-general-intelligence\/\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/madamasr.com\/en\/2017\/12\/21\/feature\/politics\/looking-into-the-latest-acquisition-of-egyptian-media-companies-by-general-intelligence\/<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_12058_1_39').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_12058_1_39', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script><\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u062d\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0636\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0646\u0627\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_12058_1('footnote_plugin_reference_12058_1_40');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_12058_1('footnote_plugin_reference_12058_1_40');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_12058_1_40\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">40<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_12058_1_40\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0645\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645 \u0631\u0626\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2014 \u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0634\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u064a \u0634\u062e\u0635 \u064a\u062a\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0645\u0628\u0646\u0649 \u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a \u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u0630\u0646 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645\u062a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629. \u0628\u0627\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0643 \u0643\u064a\u0646\u063a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u060c &#8220;\u0645\u0635\u0631 \u062a\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0634&#8221;\u060c \u0635\u062d\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0627\u0646\u060c 28 \u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\/\u0623\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0631 2014\u060c <a href=\"https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2014\/oct\/28\/egypt-civilian-infrastructure-army-jurisdiction-miltary-court\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2014\/oct\/28\/egypt-civilian-infrastructure-army-jurisdiction-miltary-court<\/span><\/a>.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_12058_1_40').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_12058_1_40', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u0648\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0628\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0633\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0628 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0632 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0647\u064a\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0636\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_12058_1('footnote_plugin_reference_12058_1_41');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_12058_1('footnote_plugin_reference_12058_1_41');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_12058_1_41\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">41<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_12058_1_41\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.frontlinedefenders.org\/en\/statement-report\/egypt-labour-rights\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/www.frontlinedefenders.org\/en\/statement-report\/egypt-labour-rights<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_12058_1_41').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_12058_1_41', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u062a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0644\u064a \u062c\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0648 \u0631\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2016\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u062c\u0631\u064a \u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b\u0627\u064b \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0626\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0631.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0642\u062f \u0631\u0643\u0632\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0629&#8221;<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_12058_1('footnote_plugin_reference_12058_1_42');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_12058_1('footnote_plugin_reference_12058_1_42');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_12058_1_42\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">42<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_12058_1_42\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0629&#8221;\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0627\u0646\u0628\u062b\u0642 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0625\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2006\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0646\u0647 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2011\u060c \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636\u0629 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2011.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_12058_1_42').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_12058_1_42', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0643\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0636\u0645 \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0633\u0639\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0636\u0645\u0647 \u0645\u062c\u062f\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0644\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0625\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062f\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0644\u0627 \u0648\u0647\u0648 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0635\u0631&#8221;\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0645\u0644\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0646\u064a\u0644 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0628\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0639\u0627\u0645.<\/p>\n<p>\u0623\u063a\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0642\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0639\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0638\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0626\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0623\u0648 \u0643\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064b. \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0622\u0646\u0630\u0627\u0643 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0643. \u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u062d\u064f\u0644\u062a \u0647\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0641\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0645\u0627 -\u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0645\u0646\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629&#8221; \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0646\u0627\u062f\u0649 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0631- \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062d\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u064a \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0646. \u062a\u0623\u0633\u0633 \u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0648\u0637\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2014 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062e\u0644\u0642 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_12058_1('footnote_plugin_reference_12058_1_43');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_12058_1('footnote_plugin_reference_12058_1_43');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_12058_1_43\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">43<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_12058_1_43\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.atlanticcouncil.org\/blogs\/menasource\/the-president-s-men\/\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/www.atlanticcouncil.org\/blogs\/menasource\/the-president-s-men\/<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_12058_1_43').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_12058_1_43', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'bottom center', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \u0648\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0632\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0631\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0639\u0632\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u064a\u0651 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0634\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0623\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0631\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0623\u062b\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0635\u0641\u0648\u0641 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0628 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0634\u0647\u0631 \u0622\u0630\u0627\u0631\/\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 2020 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0624\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0648\u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<p>\u062d\u064f\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2011 \u0648\u0644\u0645 \u062a\u064f\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0646. \u0648\u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0647\u062f \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0637\u0644\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0633\u0645\u062d\u062a\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0633\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0625\u064a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0638\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0638\u0644 \u063a\u064a\u0627\u0628 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0633\u060c \u062b\u0645\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u062c\u0648\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0633\u064a \u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0628\u0639\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u062a\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0629 \u0623\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u0645 &#8220;\u062a\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0632\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u064a\u0646&#8221;. \u062a\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0623\u0633\u0633\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0646\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0646\/\u0623\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0644 2018\u060c \u062a\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0632\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628\u060c \u062e\u0644\u0641 &#8220;\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0648\u062d\u062f&#8221;. \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0636\u0639\u0627\u064b \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0633\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0638\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0633\u0628\u0644 \u0644\u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u064a\u064f\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u064a\u0651 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u064a\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643. \u0648\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0647\u0646 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u062f\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0646\u062f\u0644\u0639\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0639\u0642\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0628\u0625\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0647\u064a\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0634\u0627\u0634\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u064f\u062e\u064a\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0645\u0639\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0627\u062c\u0632\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0628\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646 -\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u062d\u0642 \u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636\u0629- \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0629<\/h2>\n<p>\u0645\u0639 \u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0641\u0634\u064a \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0643\u0648\u0641\u064a\u062f-19\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0647\u0634\u0627\u0634\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0648\u062d\u064a \u0628\u0647 \u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631. \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0646\u060c \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0623\u0631\u0635\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0644\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062f\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0631\u0636\u0629 \u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0647\u0634 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0637\u0631\u0623 \u0623\u064a\u0651 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0628\u0639\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645.<\/p>\n<p>\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0623\u064a \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u0648\u062a\u0634\u062c\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646\u060c \u0641\u062b\u0645\u0651\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u0628\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0646\u0647\u062c\u0647\u0627. \u0641\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0646 \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0634. \u0641\u0636\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0637\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u060c \u0641\u0644\u0627 \u0628\u062f \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u064a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629. \u0625\u0630 \u064a\u0647\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0648\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644\u060c \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b: \u0623\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629. \u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u064b: \u0644\u0627 \u0628\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0634 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0633\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0634\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0635\u0631\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646.<\/p>\n<p>\u062b\u0645 \u064a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u062a\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0639 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0624\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642\u060c \u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f.<\/p>\n<p>\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 2019\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0636\u0645\u0646\u062a \u062a\u0645\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0633\u064a \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2034\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0631\u0633\u062a \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0634 \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647 &#8220;\u062d\u0627\u0645\u064a&#8221; \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u062b\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u062e\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0628\u0631\u0632\u062a \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u060c \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0644\u062a\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a. \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0644 \u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0623\u064a \u0634\u064a\u0621\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0623\u0646\u0635\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u062c.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u0641\u062a\u0642\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0645\u0648\u062d \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0633\u0645 \u0628\u0642\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631. \u0641\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0646 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u064b \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0636\u0639\u064a\u0641\u0629. \u0625\u0630 \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0639\u064a\u0641 \u0623\u0635\u0644\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0632\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0633\u0648\u0621\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u062c\u0627\u0626\u062d\u0629 \u0643\u0648\u0641\u064a\u062f-19\u060c \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0628\u0639\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645. \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0633\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u062c\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0634\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0647\u0648 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0646\u0641\u062c\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0641\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0646\u0641\u062c\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0632\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0642\u0648\u0639\u0647 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u063a\u064a\u0627\u0628 \u0623\u064a \u0633\u0628\u0644 \u0644\u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<p>\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0635\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0628\u0626\u0627\u064b \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 &#8220;\u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0641\u0634\u0644&#8221;\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0647\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0633\u0639\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u062c\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0643\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0627\u061f \u0647\u0644 \u0646\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u064a\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u062a\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631 &#8220;\u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0641\u0634\u0644&#8221; \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 &#8220;\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0639\u0628\u0626\u0627\u064b \u062b\u0642\u064a\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0642 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0630&#8221;\u061f<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u062a\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u062f\u062b\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0625\u0642\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0632 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0634\u0628\u0647 \u0644\u0639\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f. \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0643\u0633\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u0628\u062f \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0629. \u062b\u0645\u0651\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0639\u0648\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0641\u0636\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0646 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u062f\u062b\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0634 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u062d \u0628\u0625\u0642\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f. \u0648\u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u062f\u064a \u0644\u0631\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u062e\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0627\u062f\u062b\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0648\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0628\u0643\u0644 \u0633\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645 \u0644\u0625\u0628\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0635\u0627\u0645\u062f\u0627\u064b. \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0628\u0630 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u062f\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u0625\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u062f\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639\u060c \u0633\u064a\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0624\u0642\u062a\u0629 \u0633\u062a\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0623\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0644.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>*\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0634\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u0651\u062f\u062a \u064a\u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0651\u0635\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0651\u060c \u0646\u0638\u0651\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0651 \u0648\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0651 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u067e\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0622\u062f\u0627\u0628 PSL \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0647\u0631 \u0634\u0628\u0627\u0637\/\u0641\u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0631 2020. \u0646\u0648\u062f\u0651 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0634\u0643\u0631 \u0647\u0646\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0623\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0631\u062a \u0633\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0646\u063a\u0628\u0648\u0631\u063a \u0648\u0643\u064a\u0641\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0641\u0644\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0646\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<div class=\"speaker-mute footnotes_reference_container\"> <div class=\"footnote_container_prepare\"><p><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_reference_container_label pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_expand_collapse_reference_container_12058_1();\">Endnotes<\/span><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_reference_container_collapse_button\" style=\"display: none;\" onclick=\"footnote_expand_collapse_reference_container_12058_1();\">[<a id=\"footnote_reference_container_collapse_button_12058_1\">+<\/a>]<\/span><\/p><\/div> <div id=\"footnote_references_container_12058_1\" style=\"\"><table class=\"footnotes_table footnote-reference-container\"><caption class=\"accessibility\">Endnotes<\/caption> <tbody> \r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_12058_1_1\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_12058_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_12058_1_1');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>1<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.egypttoday.com\/Article\/3\/86828\/Egypt%E2%80%99s-renewed-engagement-with-IMF-to-boost-investor-confidence-Fitch\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/www.egypttoday.com\/Article\/3\/86828\/Egypt\u2019s-renewed-engagement-with-IMF-to-boost-investor-confidence-Fitch<\/span><\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_12058_1_2\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_12058_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_12058_1_2');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>2<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0643\u0651\u0632 \u0642\u0631\u0636 \u0635\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0651\u201d \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0651 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0651\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u201c. \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.imf.org\/en\/News\/Articles\/2020\/06\/26\/pr20248-egypt-imf-executive-board-approves-12-month-us-5-2billion-stand-by-arrangement\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/www.imf.org\/en\/News\/Articles\/2020\/06\/26\/pr20248-egypt-imf-executive-board-approves-12-month-us-5-2billion-stand-by-arrangement<\/span><\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_12058_1_3\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_12058_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_12058_1_3');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>3<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.imf.org\/en\/News\/Articles\/2020\/06\/26\/pr20248-egypt-imf-executive-board-approves-12-month-us-5-2billion-stand-by-arrangement\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/www.imf.org\/en\/News\/Articles\/2020\/06\/26\/pr20248-egypt-imf-executive-board-approves-12-month-us-5-2billion-stand-by-arrangement<\/span><\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_12058_1_4\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_12058_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_12058_1_4');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>4<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2020\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u062f\u0651\u0629 40 \u0633\u0646\u0629 \u064812 \u0633\u0646\u0629 \u06484 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0647\u064a 8.875% \u06487.625% \u06485.75% \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0628. \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2019 \u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0645\u0627\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0628 8.15% \u06487.05% \u06484.55%. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0628\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0651\u0644 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0651 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 3%. \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: <a href=\"http:\/\/www.worldgovernmentbonds.com\/country\/egypt\/\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">http:\/\/www.worldgovernmentbonds.com\/country\/egypt\/<\/span><\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_12058_1_5\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_12058_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_12058_1_5');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>5<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ft.com\/content\/efe21772-5767-11e8-bdb7-f6677d2e1ce8\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/www.ft.com\/content\/efe21772-5767-11e8-bdb7-f6677d2e1ce8<\/span><\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_12058_1_6\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_12058_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_12058_1_6');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>6<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\"><a href=\"https:\/\/covid19.who.int\/region\/emro\/country\/eg\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/Covid-19.who.int\/region\/emro\/country\/eg<\/span><\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_12058_1_7\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_12058_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_12058_1_7');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>7<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\"><a href=\"https:\/\/apnews.com\/cf9528ebff1d5dd7e3b95d467d7e9418\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/apnews.com\/cf9528ebff1d5dd7e3b95d467d7e9418<\/span><\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_12058_1_8\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_12058_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_12058_1_8');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>8<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1991\u060c \u0648\u0635\u0641\u062a \u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 &#8220;\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062a\u0645 \u062e\u0644\u0633\u0629&#8221;\u060c \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u0651\u062a \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u062c\u064a \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0631\u063a\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0632 \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0633\u0639\u0631\u0647.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_12058_1_9\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_12058_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_12058_1_9');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>9<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644:- El-Haddad, Amirah. &#8220;Redefining the social contract in the wake of the Arab Spring: The experiences of Egypt, Morocco and Tunisia.&#8221;\u00a0<em>World Development<\/em>\u00a0127 (2020): 104774.- Diwan, Ishac, Philip Keefer, and Marc Schiffbauer. &#8220;The Mechanics, Growth Implications, and Political Economy of Crony Capitalism in Egypt.&#8221;\u00a0<em>Crony Capitalism in the Middle East: Business and Politics from Liberalization to the Arab Spring<\/em>\u00a0(2019): 67.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_12058_1_10\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_12058_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_12058_1_10');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>10<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.transparency.org\/en\/news\/the-alarming-message-of-egypts-constitutional-amendments\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/www.transparency.org\/en\/news\/the-alarming-message-of-egypts-constitutional-amendment<\/span><\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_12058_1_11\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_12058_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_12058_1_11');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>11<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0625\u0633\u062d\u0627\u0642 \u062f\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0622\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646 2020\u060c \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_12058_1_12\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_12058_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_12058_1_12');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>12<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631\u0625\u0633\u062d\u0627\u0642 \u062f\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646 2020 \u0623\u0641\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0643\u0629 \u0644\u0640 32 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u062a\u0644\u0642\u062a \u0641\u064a 2010 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 90% \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0626\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0646\u062d\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u0641\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_12058_1_13\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_12058_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_12058_1_13');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>13<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0625\u0633\u062d\u0627\u0642 \u062f\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0622\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646 2020\u060c \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_12058_1_14\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_12058_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_12058_1_14');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>14<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Abul-Magd, Zeinab, 2015, \u201cEgypt\u2019s Military Business: The Need for Change,\u201d Middle East Institute, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.mei.edu\/publications\/egypts-military-business-need-change\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/www.mei.edu\/publications\/egypts-military-business-need-change<\/span><\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_12058_1_15\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_12058_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_12058_1_15');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>15<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">.\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0637 \u0641\u064a 2010 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0634 \u0644\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0647\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629. \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u064a\u0636\u060c \u0627\u0645\u062a\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0634 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0637\u060c \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_12058_1_16\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_12058_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_12058_1_16');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>16<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0628\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0641\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f \u062a\u0627\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0641\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0644\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0644\u0641\u0632\u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u060c 2 \u0623\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0644\/\u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631\u060c 2019 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=DwumS4goKHg\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=DwumS4goKHg<\/span><\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_12058_1_17\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_12058_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_12058_1_17');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>17<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0632\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0622\u0646\u0630\u0627\u0643 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0643\u062a\u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u064a\u0645 \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 &#8220;\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628\u064a: 10 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0646\u064a\u0647 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a&#8221;\u060c \u0635\u062d\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0641\u062f\u060c 20 \u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\/\u0646\u0648\u0641\u0645\u0628\u0631\u060c 2017\u060c <a href=\"https:\/\/bit.ly\/2JoS357\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/bit.ly\/2JoS357<\/span><\/a>\u061b \u0648\u0641\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0643\u062a\u0628\u0647 \u062d\u0645\u062f\u064a \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0632 \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 &#8220;\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628\u064a: \u0646\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0645\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0627\u062a 12 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u062c\u0646\u064a\u0647 \u0641\u0649 2018&#8243;\u060c \u062c\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u060c 5 \u0622\u0630\u0627\u0631\/\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 2018\u060c <a href=\"https:\/\/bit.ly\/2MNkAmT\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/bit.ly\/2MNkAmT<\/span><\/a>.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_12058_1_18\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_12058_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_12058_1_18');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>18<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">See Abdel Latif Wahba Tarek El-Tablawy, \u201cEgypt Suspends State-Company Stake Sales Due to Virus Turmoil,\u201d <em>Bloomberg Quint<\/em>, June 29 2020, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bloombergquint.com\/politics\/egypt-suspends-state-company-stake-sales-due-to-virus-turmoil\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/www.bloombergquint.com\/politics\/egypt-suspends-state-company-stake-sales-due-to-virus-turmoil<\/span><\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_12058_1_19\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_12058_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_12058_1_19');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>19<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u064a\u0646\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0634 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0636\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0639\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u062d\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a. \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0623\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0624\u0647\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0641\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0634\u0643\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0631\u0636\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0644.\u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: <u><a href=\"https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/investigates\/special-report\/egypt-economy-military\/\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/investigates\/special-report\/egypt-economy-military\/<\/span><\/a><\/u><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_12058_1_20\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_12058_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_12058_1_20');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>20<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0628\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u062a\u0641\u0635\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0635\u0627\u064a\u063a \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 &#8220;\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629: \u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a&#8221;. <a href=\"https:\/\/carnegie-mec.org\/2019\/12\/14\/ar-pub-80489\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/carnegie-mec.org\/2019\/12\/14\/ar-pub-80489<\/span><\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_12058_1_21\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_12058_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_12058_1_21');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>21<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u062c\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0643\u0627 \u0646\u0648\u0644\u060c \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0631: \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0633\u0627\u062f \u0623\u0645 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645\u061f\u060c \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0637\u060c 6 \u0634\u0628\u0627\u0637\/\u0641\u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0631 2019.<a href=\"https:\/\/pomed.org\/report-corruption-egypts-administrative-control-authority\/\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/pomed.org\/report-corruption-egypts-administrative-control-authority\/<\/span><\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_12058_1_22\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_12058_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_12058_1_22');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>22<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0624\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0628\u0633\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0648\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0629 &#8220;\u0631\u0648\u064a\u062a\u0631\u0632&#8221; \u0639\u0627\u0645 2018\u060c \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0634 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0634 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u062e\u0648\u0641\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0634\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645. \u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631:<a href=\"https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/investigates\/special-report\/egypt-economy-military\/\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/investigates\/special-report\/egypt-economy-military\/<\/span><\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_12058_1_23\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_12058_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_12058_1_23');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>23<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0623\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0648\u0646 \u0622\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629. \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0632\u0639\u064a\u062a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0629: &#8211; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/pulse\/can-egypt-classified-best-reform-story-emerging-markets-ahmad-zuaiter\/\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/pulse\/can-egypt-classified-best-reform-story-emerging-markets-ahmad-zuaiter\/<\/span><\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_12058_1_24\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_12058_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_12058_1_24');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>24<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c &#8220;\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0644&#8221; \u064a\u0645\u0646\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0631 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0634\u0627\u062a \u0634\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637\u0629. \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a &#8220;\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0629&#8221; \u064a\u0645\u0646\u062d \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0634\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0643\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0645\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0623\u0635\u062d\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0636\u0649 \u0641\u0636\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0645\u0649.<a href=\"https:\/\/www.worldbank.org\/en\/news\/feature\/2019\/03\/14\/egypt-empowering-women-trough-cash-transfers\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/www.worldbank.org\/en\/news\/feature\/2019\/03\/14\/egypt-empowering-women-trough-cash-transfers<\/span><\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_12058_1_25\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_12058_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_12058_1_25');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>25<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.economist.com\/middle-east-and-africa\/2019\/08\/08\/egypt-is-reforming-its-economy-but-poverty-is-rising\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/www.economist.com\/middle-east-and-africa\/2019\/08\/08\/egypt-is-reforming-its-economy-but-poverty-is-rising<\/span><\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_12058_1_26\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_12058_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_12058_1_26');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>26<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u062d\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u0638\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0649 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0631 2020\u060c &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0631: \u0623\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0637 \u0648\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a&#8221;.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_12058_1_27\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_12058_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_12058_1_27');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>27<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ifpri.org\/publication\/impact-covid-19-egyptian-economy-economic-sectors-jobs-and-households\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/www.ifpri.org\/publication\/impact-covid-19-egyptian-economy-economic-sectors-jobs-and-households<\/span><\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_12058_1_28\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_12058_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_12058_1_28');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>28<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0645\u0646\u0649 \u0633\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0648\u0631\u0627\u0645\u064a \u062c\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0645\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a\u060c &#8220;\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0648\u0627\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0631&#8221;\u060c \u0645\u0646\u062a\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0631\u0642\u0645 (1368)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0627\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a EMLP.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_12058_1_29\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_12058_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_12058_1_29');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>29<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/pulse\/can-egypt-classified-best-reform-story-emerging-markets-ahmad-zuaiter\/\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/pulse\/can-egypt-classified-best-reform-story-emerging-markets-ahmad-zuaiter\/<\/span><\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_12058_1_30\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_12058_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_12058_1_30');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>30<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\"><a href=\"http:\/\/gate.ahram.org.eg\/News\/2270874.aspx\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">http:\/\/gate.ahram.org.eg\/News\/2270874.aspx<\/span><\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_12058_1_31\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_12058_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_12058_1_31');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>31<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\"><a href=\"https:\/\/foreignpolicy.com\/2020\/04\/30\/egypt-sisi-coronavirus-political-threat\/\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/foreignpolicy.com\/2020\/04\/30\/egypt-sisi-coronavirus-political-threat\/<\/span><\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_12058_1_32\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_12058_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_12058_1_32');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>32<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.imf.org\/en\/News\/Articles\/2020\/06\/26\/pr20248-egypt-imf-executive-board-approves-12-month-us-5-2billion-stand-by-arrangement\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/www.imf.org\/en\/News\/Articles\/2020\/06\/26\/pr20248-egypt-imf-executive-board-approves-12-month-us-5-2billion-stand-by-arrangement<\/span><\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_12058_1_33\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_12058_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_12058_1_33');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>33<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www3.weforum.org\/docs\/GCR2017-2018\/05FullReport\/TheGlobalCompetitivenessReport2017%E2%80%932018.pdf\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">http:\/\/www3.weforum.org\/docs\/GCR2017-2018\/05FullReport\/TheGlobalCompetitivenessReport2017%E2%80%932018.pdf<\/span><\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_12058_1_34\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_12058_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_12058_1_34');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>34<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\"><a href=\"https:\/\/timep.org\/commentary\/analysis\/egypts-long-road-to-education-reform\/\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/timep.org\/commentary\/analysis\/egypts-long-road-to-education-reform\/<\/span><\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_12058_1_35\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_12058_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_12058_1_35');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>35<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0643\u0627\u0631\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0631\u0627\u0641\u062a\u060c 2016\u060c &#8220;\u0645\u0627 \u0633\u0631 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0631\u061f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0647 \u0641\u0631\u0635 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0623\u0629&#8221;\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0632\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0635\u0631\u060c \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0631\u0642\u0645 1050.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_12058_1_36\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_12058_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_12058_1_36');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>36<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0648 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u064a\u060c &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0636\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0629&#8221; <a href=\"https:\/\/carnegie-mec.org\/2016\/07\/21\/ar-pub-64158\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/carnegie-mec.org\/2016\/07\/21\/ar-pub-64158<\/span><\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_12058_1_37\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_12058_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_12058_1_37');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>37<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\"><a href=\"https:\/\/carnegieendowment.org\/2017\/05\/18\/institutionalized-repression-in-egypt-pub-69959\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/carnegieendowment.org\/2017\/05\/18\/institutionalized-repression-in-egypt-pub-69959<\/span><\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_12058_1_38\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_12058_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_12058_1_38');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>38<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0625\u064a\u0647\u0627\u0628 \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0647 \u0648\u0622\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646\u060c &#8220;\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0646\u062d\u0648\u061f&#8221;. \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0646\u063a\u0632\u060c \u062d\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646\/\u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648 2011\u060c <a href=\"https:\/\/www.brookings.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/06\/06_egypt_civil_society.pdf\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/www.brookings.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/06\/06_egypt_civil_society.pdf<\/span><\/a>; \u0648\u0643\u0627\u062b\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0644\u062f &#8220;\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0643&#8221;.<a href=\"https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/282621430_NGO_Policy_in_Pre-_and_Post-Mubarak_Egypt_Effects_on_NGOs%27_Roles_in_Democracy_Promotion\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/282621430_NGO_Policy_in_Pre-_and_Post-Mubarak_Egypt_Effects_on_NGOs%27_Roles_in_Democracy_Promotion<\/span><\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_12058_1_39\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_12058_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_12058_1_39');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>39<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u00ab\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u064a\u0646\u00bb\u060c <a href=\"https:\/\/madamasr.com\/en\/2017\/12\/21\/feature\/politics\/looking-into-the-latest-acquisition-of-egyptian-media-companies-by-general-intelligence\/\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/madamasr.com\/en\/2017\/12\/21\/feature\/politics\/looking-into-the-latest-acquisition-of-egyptian-media-companies-by-general-intelligence\/<\/span><\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_12058_1_40\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_12058_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_12058_1_40');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>40<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0645\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645 \u0631\u0626\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2014 \u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0634\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u064a \u0634\u062e\u0635 \u064a\u062a\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0645\u0628\u0646\u0649 \u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a \u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u0630\u0646 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645\u062a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629. \u0628\u0627\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0643 \u0643\u064a\u0646\u063a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u060c &#8220;\u0645\u0635\u0631 \u062a\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0634&#8221;\u060c \u0635\u062d\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0627\u0646\u060c 28 \u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\/\u0623\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0631 2014\u060c <a href=\"https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2014\/oct\/28\/egypt-civilian-infrastructure-army-jurisdiction-miltary-court\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2014\/oct\/28\/egypt-civilian-infrastructure-army-jurisdiction-miltary-court<\/span><\/a>.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_12058_1_41\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_12058_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_12058_1_41');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>41<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.frontlinedefenders.org\/en\/statement-report\/egypt-labour-rights\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/www.frontlinedefenders.org\/en\/statement-report\/egypt-labour-rights<\/span><\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_12058_1_42\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_12058_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_12058_1_42');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>42<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0629&#8221;\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0627\u0646\u0628\u062b\u0642 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0625\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2006\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0646\u0647 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2011\u060c \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636\u0629 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2011.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_12058_1_43\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_12058_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_12058_1_43');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>43<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.atlanticcouncil.org\/blogs\/menasource\/the-president-s-men\/\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/www.atlanticcouncil.org\/blogs\/menasource\/the-president-s-men\/<\/span><\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n <\/tbody> <\/table> <\/div><\/div><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> function footnote_expand_reference_container_12058_1() { jQuery('#footnote_references_container_12058_1').show(); jQuery('#footnote_reference_container_collapse_button_12058_1').text('\u2212'); } function footnote_collapse_reference_container_12058_1() { jQuery('#footnote_references_container_12058_1').hide(); jQuery('#footnote_reference_container_collapse_button_12058_1').text('+'); } function footnote_expand_collapse_reference_container_12058_1() { if (jQuery('#footnote_references_container_12058_1').is(':hidden')) { footnote_expand_reference_container_12058_1(); } else { footnote_collapse_reference_container_12058_1(); } } function footnote_moveToReference_12058_1(p_str_TargetID) { footnote_expand_reference_container_12058_1(); var l_obj_Target = jQuery('#' + p_str_TargetID); if (l_obj_Target.length) { jQuery( 'html, body' ).delay( 0 ); jQuery('html, body').animate({ scrollTop: l_obj_Target.offset().top - window.innerHeight * 0.2 }, 380); } } function footnote_moveToAnchor_12058_1(p_str_TargetID) { footnote_expand_reference_container_12058_1(); var l_obj_Target = jQuery('#' + p_str_TargetID); if (l_obj_Target.length) { jQuery( 'html, body' ).delay( 0 ); jQuery('html, body').animate({ scrollTop: l_obj_Target.offset().top - window.innerHeight * 0.2 }, 380); } }<\/script>","protected":false},"featured_media":12236,"menu_order":0,"template":"","categories":[12],"tags":[286,321,238,68],"class_list":["post-12058","publication","type-publication","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-12","tag-286","tag-321","tag-238","tag-68"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ari26.arabregionhub.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/publication\/12058","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ari26.arabregionhub.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/publication"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ari26.arabregionhub.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/publication"}],"version-history":[{"count":9,"href":"https:\/\/ari26.arabregionhub.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/publication\/12058\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":12286,"href":"https:\/\/ari26.arabregionhub.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/publication\/12058\/revisions\/12286"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ari26.arabregionhub.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/12236"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ari26.arabregionhub.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=12058"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ari26.arabregionhub.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=12058"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ari26.arabregionhub.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=12058"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}